Miranda abilities, individual characteristics, and contextual factors are critical elements to evaluate in determining the validity of Miranda rights waivers and confessions. Research indicates that many individuals waive their Miranda rights without adequate comprehension or reasoning. In addition, personality characteristics of suggestibility and compliance are key factors influencing waiver decisions. Furthermore, scholars found that situational anxiety likewise impairs Miranda abilities and waiver decisions. Previous research has investigated the effects of Miranda abilities, individual characteristics, and contextual factors on Miranda waivers and confessions by utilizing confession paradigms. A methodological limitation of these paradigms is the lack of volition and autonomy in committing the accused acts of wrongdoings. The current study of undergraduate students advances previous research through examining the detrimental impact of false accusations of wrongdoings committed independently and intentionally using a novel paradigm. This thesis sought to further the understanding of the effects of Miranda abilities (i.e., comprehension and reasoning), personality characteristics (i.e., suggestibility and compliance), and situational factors (i.e., false accusation) in relation to Miranda waivers and confession decisions. The final sample included 87 undergraduate students, of whom approximately 97% waived their rights and 40% falsely confessed to the wrongdoing. The results indicate that Miranda reasoning, suggestibility, and compliance significantly predict the likelihood of false confession. These findings can be used to inform policy changes as well as the evaluations of the validity of Miranda waivers and confessions.

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The name of the thesis: Approaches of Selected Institucions to Domestic Violence Allegations during the Divorce Proceedings The author: Bc. Petra Vašinová The tutor: PhDr. Miloslav Čedík Pages, marks: 64, 145 176 Separate attachments: 2 Bibliography includes 71 items Abstract: The diploma thesis deals with issues of allegations of domestic violence in the process of custody proceeding before the divorce as viewed by related institutions. The key research subject covers different procedures of selected workers in a case of an allegation. Based on the initial interviews a question came up if the institutions use inner guidelines to deal with possible situations of clients manipulating workers. The next subject were the workers' opinions of the issues and of the allegation charges and sentences. The theoretical scope of the thesis contains relevant information about divorce, parental conflict, manipulation, ways of solving such problems, consequences, parental alienation syndrome and information about allegation in both Czech and foreign researching. The research method that I used was the Interpretative phenomenological analysis and the data was collected using semi-structured interviews. Open and Selective coding were used to evaluate the data. Based on the above mentioned method it has been found...