The aim of the study is to study the nature of the relationship between psychological solitude and adaptability among students. Object of research: psychological loneliness and adaptation. The subject of the study: the relationship of subjective feelings of loneliness and adaptability in students. For the empirical study, methods were used, such as: E.N. Osin and D.A. Leontiev "Differential questionnaire of the experience of loneliness", SG. Korchagin "Questionnaire for determining the kind of loneliness", K. Rogers, R. Diamond "The methodology of diagnosis of socio-psychological adaptation". As a result of the study, it was found that the predominant types of loneliness, in the group of subjects, are alienated and dissociated loneliness; the adaptability index for the sample is in the normal range, without deviation towards low values; in the group, two subgroups of psychologically "lonely" and "neodinokih" students were identified. Reliable differences between "lonely" and "neodinokimi" students on the characteristics of adaptability were revealed in all characteristics of socio-psychological adaptation according to K. Rogers. Their presence confirmed our hypothesis of the existence of a relationship between the subjective sense of loneliness and the indicators of adaptability. As a result of the correlation analysis, the "lonely" and "non-regular" students had different correlation links between the general sense of loneliness and the parameters of K. Rogers and R. Diamond's adaptability. These differences in correlation relationships in the groups of "single" and "non-regular" students, allow us to conclude that our hypothesis has been confirmed, namely, the adaptability of the individual and her subjective sense of loneliness are really interrelated, and this relationship is inverse. / Целью исследования является изучение характера взаимосвязи между психологическим одиночеством и адаптивностью у студентов. Объект исследования: психологическое одиночество и адаптация. Предмет исследования: взаимосвязь субъективного ощущения одиночества и адаптивности у студентов. Для эмпирического исследования использовались методики, такие как: Е.Н. Осин и Д.А. Леонтьев «Дифференциальный опросник переживания одиночества», С.Г. Корчагина «Опросник для определения вида одиночества», К. Роджерс, Р. Даймонд «Методика диагностики социально-психологической адаптации». В результате проведенного исследования было выявлено, что преобладающими видами одиночества, в группе испытуемых, являются отчуждающее и диссациированное одиночество; показатель адаптивности для выборки находится в нормальных пределах, без отклонения в сторону низких значений; в группе обозначились 2 подгруппы психологически «одиноких» и «неодиноких» студентов. Достоверные различия между «одинокими» и «неодинокими» студентами по характеристикам адаптивности были выявлены по всем характеристикам социально-психологической адаптации по К.Роджерсу. Их наличие подтвердило нашу гипотезу существования взаимосвязи между субъективным ощущением одиночества и показателями адаптивности. В результате, корреляционного анализа, у «одиноких» и «неодиноких» студентов были выявлены различные корреляционные связи между общим ощущением одиночества и параметрами методики адаптивности К. Роджерса, Р. Даймонда. Эти различия в корреляционных связях в группах «одиноких» и «неодиноких» студентов, позволяют нам сделать вывод, что наша гипотеза подтвердилась, а именно, адаптивность личности и ее субъективное ощущение одиночества действительно взаимосвязаны, и данная связь является обратной.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FERNANDA COSTA LUZ ROSSI.pdf: 632211 bytes, checksum: 90426f33dbed1649f5721b896fd7a52d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-12-01 / This present work had as a main objective to investigate the feeling of loneliness and mental health of married women by comparing both ways of understanding and experiencing this feeling between single and married women as well as to verify how this emotion can be mitigated thorough the presence of a partner in a marriage (cohabitation) and also the conditions in which it would happen. We started from the hypothesis that this sentiment is shared by everybody, once human being is unique and individual. Thus, the eternal separation from the other, which starts when the baby realizes that he is different from the mother, consequently, a unique individual, is associated to a sensation of which accompanies the human being throughout his life. Therefore, it is very common to observe people getting involved in relationships in order to minimize this feeling, which in turn, gets stronger and each passing day to the superficiality of emotional bondings. The presence of another person can be an advantage in an interpersonal relationship when the intensity of the hostility decreases added by the feeling of solitude. The antidote against this sentiment comes from strengthening self knowledge, autonomy and from the friendship of a companion who shows unconditional acceptance by the true self. For this reason, a quantitative and qualitative study using undergraduate single women was carried out in order to analyze this sentiment in married women. The sample was randomized and grouped in three phases. 184 women, 38% married, 7,6% divorced and 52,7% single took part in the study. From the quantitative research data, it was possible to analyze that women's perception about loneliness, in many aspects, matched the psychoanalytic theory. By analyzing the answers fond in this work, it has been perceived that most of the participants had a low sentiment of solitude (58,7%) and 41,3% classified themselves into a category ranging from high and medium one. In these groups, most women were either married or single, leading to the conclusion that, the younger the woman, the higher the tendency to search for relationship in order to scape from solitude. Also, is has been verified that this was true specially among married women. From these scores, 18 women were invited to take part into a diagnostic interview which consisted of six women in each group: two married, two single and two divorced from different ages, one of them being up to 29 and the other over 30 years old. The results found in these interviews were that all the women who presented a high feeling of loneliness have shown an inefficient adaptation to life, while those who presented a medium or low sentiment of solitude hardly presented this kind of behavior. Within the group of medium sentiment of solitude, three women presented inefficient adaptation to life and from the low sentiment of solitude group, only one participant presentd a slight one. Finally, we can conclude that loneliness if exaggerated, is not only painful but also indicates a great difficult of the individual to deal with his emotional and productive aspects leading him to need psychological help. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal investigar o sentimento de solidão e a saúde mental de mulheres casadas, procurando comparar a maneira de compreender e vivenciar este sentimento em mulheres solteiras e casadas, bem como verificar em que medida este sentimento pode ser mitigado pela presença do outro no casamento (coabitação) e em que condições isto ocorria. Partiu-se da hipótese de que esse sentimento é compartilhado por todas as pessoas, já que o ser humano é uno e individual. Logo, a separação eterna do outro, que se inicia quando o bebê percebe que é diferente da mãe e, assim, um indivíduo único, está associado a uma sensação de solidão que acompanha o ser humano por toda a vida. Desta forma, é muito comum ver pessoas se envolver em relacionamentos para diminuir este sentimento, que se vê intensificado a cada dia em função da superficialidade dos vínculos emocionais. A presença de outrem pode ser aproveitada numa relação interpessoal quando se diminui a intensidade da hostilidade, associada ao sentimento de solidão. O antídoto contra tal sentimento vem do fortalecimento do auto-conhecimento, da autonomia, e da amizade por um companheiro que mostra aceitação incondicional pelo verdadeiro self. Para análise deste sentimento em mulheres casadas, foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa com mulheres solteiras e universitárias. A escolha da amostra foi aleatória e por conglomerado, em três estágios. Participaram do estudo 184 mulheres, 38% casadas, 7,6% separadas e 52,7% solteiras. Da pesquisa quantitativa foi possível analisar que a percepção das mulheres sobre a solidão vem, em muitos aspectos, de encontro com a teoria psicanalítica. Pelas respostas encontradas percebeu-se que a grande maioria das participantes tem um baixo sentimento de solidão (58,7%) e 41,3% se classificaram com um escore de alto a médio sentimento de solidão, nestes dois grupos a maioria são de mulheres casadas e separadas, sendo que quanto mais nova a mulher maior a tendência a buscar um relacionamento para fugir da solidão, sendo entre as casadas também que isto ocorre com mais freqüência. A partir destes escores, 18 mulheres foram convidadas a participar de uma entrevista diagnóstica. Destas dezoito, seis mulheres apresentavam alto sentimento de solidão, sendo duas casadas, duas solteiras e duas separadas. Da mesma forma as mulheres com média e baixa solidão. Os resultados encontrados nestas entrevistas foram que todas as mulheres que apresentaram um alto sentimento de solidão demonstram uma adaptação ineficaz perante a vida, enquanto que aquelas que apresentaram médio ou baixo sentimento de solidão dificilmente apresentam adaptação ineficaz. Do grupo de médio sentimento de solidão, três mulheres apresentaram adaptação eficaz, e do grupo de baixo sentimento de solidão apenas uma participante apresentou adaptação ineficaz leve. Com isso concluímos que a solidão, quando em alta medida, além de dolorosa indica uma grande dificuldade do indivíduo em lidar com seus aspectos emocionais e produtivos, necessitando de ajuda psíquica.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:34:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FERNANDA COSTA LUZ ROSSI.pdf: 632211 bytes, checksum: 90426f33dbed1649f5721b896fd7a52d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-01-19 / This present work had as a main objective to investigate the feeling of loneliness and mental health of married women by comparing both ways of understanding and experiencing this feeling between single and married women as well as to verify how this emotion can be mitigated thorough the presence of a partner in a marriage (cohabitation) and also the conditions in which it would happen. We started from the hypothesis that this sentiment is shared by everybody, once human being is unique and individual. Thus, the eternal separation from the other, which starts when the baby realizes that he is different from the mother, consequently, a unique individual, is associated to a sensation of which accompanies the human being throughout his life. Therefore, it is very common to observe people getting involved in relationships in order to minimize this feeling, which in turn, gets stronger and each passing day to the superficiality of emotional bondings. The presence of another person can be an advantage in an interpersonal relationship when the intensity of the hostility decreases added by the feeling of solitude. The antidote against this sentiment comes from strengthening self knowledge, autonomy and from the friendship of a companion who shows unconditional acceptance by the true self. For this reason, a quantitative and qualitative study using undergraduate single women was carried out in order to analyze this sentiment in married women. The sample was randomized and grouped in three phases. 184 women, 38% married, 7,6% divorced and 52,7% single took part in the study. From the quantitative research data, it was possible to analyze that women's perception about loneliness, in many aspects, matched the psychoanalytic theory. By analyzing the answers fond in this work, it has been perceived that most of the participants had a low sentiment of solitude (58,7%) and 41,3% classified themselves into a category ranging from high and medium one. In these groups, most women were either married or single, leading to the conclusion that, the younger the woman, the higher the tendency to search for relationship in order to scape from solitude. Also, is has been verified that this was true specially among married women. From these scores, 18 women were invited to take part into a diagnostic interview which consisted of six women in each group: two married, two single and two divorced from different ages, one of them being up to 29 and the other over 30 years old. The results found in these interviews were that all the women who presented a high feeling of loneliness have shown an inefficient adaptation to life, while those who presented a medium or low sentiment of solitude hardly presented this kind of behavior. Within the group of medium sentiment of solitude, three women presented inefficient adaptation to life and from the low sentiment of solitude group, only one participant presentd a slight one. Finally, we can conclude that loneliness if exaggerated, is not only painful but also indicates a great difficult of the individual to deal with his emotional and productive aspects leading him to need psychological help. / Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal investigar o sentimento de solidão e a saúde mental de mulheres casadas, procurando comparar a maneira de compreender e vivenciar este sentimento em mulheres solteiras e casadas, bem como verificar em que medida este sentimento pode ser mitigado pela presença do outro no casamento (coabitação) e em que condições isto ocorria. Partiu-se da hipótese de que esse sentimento é compartilhado por todas as pessoas, já que o ser humano é uno e individual. Logo, a separação eterna do outro, que se inicia quando o bebê percebe que é diferente da mãe e, assim, um indivíduo único, está associado a uma sensação de solidão que acompanha o ser humano por toda a vida. Desta forma, é muito comum ver pessoas se envolver em relacionamentos para diminuir este sentimento, que se vê intensificado a cada dia em função da superficialidade dos vínculos emocionais. A presença de outrem pode ser aproveitada numa relação interpessoal quando se diminui a intensidade da hostilidade, associada ao sentimento de solidão. O antídoto contra tal sentimento vem do fortalecimento do auto-conhecimento, da autonomia, e da amizade por um companheiro que mostra aceitação incondicional pelo verdadeiro self. Para análise deste sentimento em mulheres casadas, foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa e qualitativa com mulheres solteiras e universitárias. A escolha da amostra foi aleatória e por conglomerado, em três estágios. Participaram do estudo 184 mulheres, 38% casadas, 7,6% separadas e 52,7% solteiras. Da pesquisa quantitativa foi possível analisar que a percepção das mulheres sobre a solidão vem, em muitos aspectos, de encontro com a teoria psicanalítica. Pelas respostas encontradas percebeu-se que a grande maioria das participantes tem um baixo sentimento de solidão (58,7%) e 41,3% se classificaram com um escore de alto a médio sentimento de solidão, nestes dois grupos a maioria são de mulheres casadas e separadas, sendo que quanto mais nova a mulher maior a tendência a buscar um relacionamento para fugir da solidão, sendo entre as casadas também que isto ocorre com mais freqüência. A partir destes escores, 18 mulheres foram convidadas a participar de uma entrevista diagnóstica. Destas dezoito, seis mulheres apresentavam alto sentimento de solidão, sendo duas casadas, duas solteiras e duas separadas. Da mesma forma as mulheres com média e baixa solidão. Os resultados encontrados nestas entrevistas foram que todas as mulheres que apresentaram um alto sentimento de solidão demonstram uma adaptação ineficaz perante a vida, enquanto que aquelas que apresentaram médio ou baixo sentimento de solidão dificilmente apresentam adaptação ineficaz. Do grupo de médio sentimento de solidão, três mulheres apresentaram adaptação eficaz, e do grupo de baixo sentimento de solidão apenas uma participante apresentou adaptação ineficaz leve. Com isso concluímos que a solidão, quando em alta medida, além de dolorosa indica uma grande dificuldade do indivíduo em lidar com seus aspectos emocionais e produtivos, necessitando de ajuda psíquica.

Диссертация посвящена изучению взаимосвязи психологического одиночества и копинг - стратегий. Рассмотрены теоретические аспекты психологического одиночества и совладающего поведения. Представлены результаты эмпирического исследования взаимосвязи показателей одиночества и выбором копинг - стратегий у студентов первого курса. В исследовании по уровню субъективного ощущения одиночества были выделены подгруппы психологически одиноких и неодиноких студентов. Установлены основные виды одиночества, которые чаще переживают студенты первого курса – диссоциированное и отчуждающее одиночество. Описан рейтинг предпочтения копинг – стратегий у студентов. Выявлены достоверные различия в выборе копинг – стратегий у психологически одиноких и неодиноких студентов. С помощью корреляционного анализа зафиксированы значимые корреляции шкалы общего переживания одиночества, зависимость от общения, позитивное одиночество с такими копинг – стратегиями как самоконтроль, поиск социальной поддержки, положительная переоценка. Авторы приходят к выводу о том, что студенты склонны чаще выбирать достаточно эффективные копинг – стратегии. Существует связь между уровнем психологического одиночества и совладающим поведением, копинг – стратегиями. Особенно проявилась связь поиска социальной поддержки с различными аспектами переживания одиночества. / The thesis is devoted to the study of the relationship of psychological loneliness and coping strategies. The theoretical aspects of psychological loneliness and coping behavior are considered. The results of an empirical study of the relationship between indicators of loneliness and the choice of coping strategies for first-year students are presented. In a study on the level of subjective feelings of loneliness, subgroups of psychologically single and non-single students were identified. The main types of loneliness are established, which are often experienced by first-year students - dissociated and alienating loneliness. Described rating preferences coping strategies for students. Significant differences in the choice of coping strategies among psychologically single and non-single students are revealed. With the help of the correlation analysis, significant correlations of the scale of the general experience of loneliness, dependence on communication, positive loneliness with coping strategies such as self-control, the search for social support, positive revaluation have been recorded. The authors conclude that students tend to more often choose reasonably effective coping strategies. There is a link between the level of psychological loneliness and coping behavior, coping - strategies. The connection of the search for social support with various aspects of loneliness was especially evident.