Smallholder irrigation has been promoted across the developing world as a means of poverty reduction and rural development. The potential of smallholder irrigated agriculture in alleviating rural poverty has led the South African government to prioritise and invest in irrigation establishment, rehabilitation and revitalisation. However, the extent to which smallholder irrigation has been able to reduce poverty in the rural areas of South Africa is not well understood. This study, therefore, aimed to contribute to smallholder irrigation literature in two ways. The first objective of this study was to conduct an in-depth impact evaluation of the Tugela Ferry smallholder irrigation scheme on household welfare using the treatment effect and propensity score matching (PSM) methods. Secondly, the study sought to investigate the determinants of household water security, and how the level of water security subsequently affects the farmers’ household welfare. A stratified random sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of 186 irrigators and 70 non-irrigators in the Tugela Ferry area. Descriptive analysis highlighted that although the demographic characteristics of the farmers were not significantly different, the irrigators were characterized by better welfare indicators compared to non-irrigators. The Foster Greer Thorbecke (FGT) poverty indices also indicated that poverty incidence was more pronounced among non-irrigators than among irrigators. The results from the econometric models indicated that irrigation access plays an important role in the welfare of rural households, with irrigators consuming about R2,000 per adult equivalent per year more than the non-irrigators. While irrigation access is important, this study concluded that the poverty reduction effectiveness of smallholder irrigation can further be enhanced by ensuring that the irrigators are water secure. Factors such as age, off-farm income, duration of scheme membership, occurrence of conflicts, method of pumping water, location in the scheme and access to agricultural training influenced household water security. The study recommends that investments in smallholder irrigation should continue for poverty reduction, and that priority should be in ensuring water security not just irrigation participation. The study also recommends the introduction of small motorised pumps among the gravity-reliant irrigators and farmer training on water conservation techniques to improve the farmers’ water security in the smallholder irrigation schemes. Although the study highlighted how perceptions of irrigators could be used to generate the water security index, the water security concept needs further investigation. / Thesis (M.Sc.Agric.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 2013.

This study discusses possible effects on investment decisions among Gotland enterprises from the ongoing public discourse over the present and future Gotland ferry traffic to mainland Sweden. Central topics are a substantial freight cost disadvantage, level and classification of state funding. By way of critical discourse analysis of statements from the most visible, powerful and persistent stakeholders surrounding the Gotland ferry issue are two major discursive thrusts identified. The level of enterprise awareness of the ferry discourses is investigated in a survey and correlated to perceived political uncertainty. Also is uncertainty related to investment reluctance. Further is the share of mainland marketed products related to the share of value-added products, and finally are enterprises asked whether they have invested to enhance the share of value-added products or if such investments are planned. The findings indicate that enterprises are well aware of the ferry discourse which is bringing about a high level of political uncertainty, while the level of investment hesitancy is somewhat more modest. Still a majority of enterprises are postponing or even refraining from investments. Also of interest is the high degree of consistency between enterprises with a high share of mainland marketing and high share of value-added products. A minority of enterprises has chosen the strategy to enhance their share of value-added products or is planning investments to that end in order to compensate for the higher transport costs. Longitudinal studies comparing the transport cost share of overall turnover for Gotland enterprises and their mainland competitors in the agriculture/food, manufacturing and tourism sectors are suggested, together with a study whether a more strategic investment pattern might evolve among Gotland enterprises.

The ferry terminal in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada is located in an important public place for the city of Halifax. This area has been subject to planning decisions that have led to its current state of reduced functionality. This project is intended to activate and restore this central, damaged urban public site through integration with the existing buildings, reconnection of the city to the waterfront, and increased amenity offered by new design and architecture. Rethinking the design of the ferry terminal and its adjacent public spaces aims to create a model for future development along the currently undeveloped Halifax waterfront.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1946. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 100-103).

On April 16, 2014 the Sewol Ferry became one of the worst maritime disasters in South Korea with the loss of 304 passenger, the majority being high school students. South Korea is a collectivist culture, structured as a hierarchical system that teaches their students and children to always respect, listen, and trust authority figures especially in dangerous situations. This study explores how collectivist cultural elements impacted the response of the Sewol Ferry. By examining the timeline of the disaster through interviews, documentaries, news articles and media; this thesis offers insight into what happened that day by providing perspectives from the rescue crew, government officials, survivors, volunteers, and family members of those who died. The analysis showed that in collectivist culture, children and students are taught to trust and listen to authority figures when in dangerous situations, however because of the Sewol disasters, the culture of adhering to the hierarchical systems started to collapse. Students who survived stated that they no longer can trust and respect adults after the incident along with family members of the students who passed away and the public. Also, the government withheld information and failed to protect the children aboard the ferry, because they didn't want to show shame and wanted to save the face or honor of their department. The leadership failure within the Sewol Ferry tragedy can potentially make it difficult in the future for people to listen to orders or recommendations given by the disaster management or the government when a disaster event arises.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-17T14:51:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 douglaswillianferreira.pdf: 1099084 bytes, checksum: 84ef19e1d6122c16caa3d1f6d67e131d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T14:39:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 douglaswillianferreira.pdf: 1099084 bytes, checksum: 84ef19e1d6122c16caa3d1f6d67e131d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T14:39:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 douglaswillianferreira.pdf: 1099084 bytes, checksum: 84ef19e1d6122c16caa3d1f6d67e131d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-02 / FAPEMIG - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais / Para Luc Ferry, a contemporaneidade se caracteriza fundamentalmente como a era do amor. Segundo o autor, a secularização e o processo de desconstrução acontecidos na Filosofia não legaram ao homem uma sociedade sem fundamentos, nem mesmo um pessimismo niilista. Ao contrário, o que se vê é uma divinização do humano através da valorização do outro como aquele que permite ao homem a saída de si, e, assim, a ultrapassar os limites subjetivistas ao expandir seu pensamento. Essa divinização é um resultado claro da valorização da liberdade, sendo essa a centelha divina no humano. Afinal, a liberdade é caracteristicamente o que descoloca o homem para além de todos os determinismos, permitindo, assim, o fazer-se a si mesmo. Nesse sentido, o que se vê é um rompimento, segundo o autor, com todas as formas tradicionais de pensamento e uma superação do religioso e suas seduções. O homem-Deus, é, portanto, o grande responsável por todo o processo de secularização: tanto da moral e do amor quanto da própria espiritualidade. Nesse contexto, torna-se visível uma espiritualidade, aparentemente laica, pautada no ágape secularizado, que se apresenta, antes de tudo, como uma espiritualidade cristã, porque não consegue se desvencilhar, em suas próprias bases, da influência do amor cristão. / For Luc Ferry the contemporaneity is characterized fundamentally as the era of love. According to the author, the secularization and the deconstruction process that happened in philosophy did not bequeath to man a society without foundations, not even a nihilistic pessimism. Instead, what is seem is a deification of the human being, through the appreciation of the other as the one who allows the man to come out of himself, and then, to exceed the subjective limits to expand his thoughts. This deification is a clear result of the appreciation of freedom, being this the divine spark in the human being. After all, freedom is characteristically what displaces man beyond all enabling determinisms to become himself then. In this way, what it is seen is a disruption, according to the author, to all the traditional ways of thinking and an overcoming of the religious and its seductions. The God-man is therefore the great accountable for the whole process of secularization: of both moral and love as well as of His own spirituality. In this context, it becomes visible a seemingly secular spirituality because, based on the secularized agape, it presents above all as a Christian spirituality, as it cannot disentangle itself from its own bases of influence of Christian love.

Thesis advisor: Robert Kern / In this paper, I argue that Walt Whitman alters his poetic program from his first to second edition of Leaves of Grass. By intensifying the emphasis on individuality and personality, Whitman overcomes the limitations of his vastness by allowing for intimate contact with a future reader. I continue to argue that the poem "Crossing Brooklyn Ferry" exemplifies the emphasis on individuality and personal union. Instead of assuming a relationship with his reader, Whitman sets for himself the goal of making this relationship possible. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2004. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: English. / Discipline: College Honors Program.

A well-exposed suite of Colorado River fill terraces preserved at Lees Ferry records the oscillating history of this major river superimposed on its overall downcutting of the Colorado Plateau. Detailed mapping, sedimentology, cross-sectional surveys, and the use of two geochronometers have been used in order to establish a detailed chronostratigraphy for the area. Eight distinct deposits have been identified along the Colorado River (Ml -M7, and S3), and four deposits have been identified along the Paria River (Pl -P4). Geochronology of six of these deposits using optically stimulated luminescence and cosmogenic 10Be exposure techniques indicates a long-term average bedrock incision rate of 290 to 470 m/my. These incision rates are approximately two to three times higher than others reported in Grand Canyon and the upper Colorado River basin, but are similar to the recently reported high incision rates near Glen Canyon and along the Fremont River. These results suggest that there is a region of faster incision along the Colorado River in the central Colorado Plateau in the vicinity of Lees Ferry and Glen Canyon. This apparent increase in central plateau Pleistocene incision rates may be caused by either epeirogenic uplift due to tectonics and erosional isostatic rebound, or transient waves of incision in response to original drainage integration. In addition to recording the incision history of the Colorado River, the well-preserved Pleistocene fluvial terraces provide evidence regarding the timing and processes of terrace formation at Lees Ferry. Chronostratigraphic analysis indicates that aggradation was occurring at - 20 ka (M2), - 70 to 40 ka (M3), - 115 to 90 ka (M4), and - 130 ka (MS). Aggradation and incision along the Paria River appears to be occurring at the same time as that on the Colorado River. Deposits at Lees Ferry are generally younger than correlative deposits in headwater catchments and in eastern Grand Canyon. ln addition, the most prominent deposit in the Lees Ferry area (M4) correlates to MIS stage 5b-c, a time in which no glaciations have been reported in headwater drainages. Data from this study indicate that fluvial responses at Lees Ferry are a complicated integration of signals from climate change in headwater catchments and sediment production from local hillslopes and tributaries.

As the research part of my thesis work, I had the opportunity to be involved in the Manhattan Ferry Terminal design undertaken by the New York City firm Schwartz Architects. Being a gateway to Manhattan, the Whitehall Ferry Terminal's psychological impact consists of elements that invoke a notion of arrival in people. An analysis of historical gateway examples from Ancient to Modern times shows their similarity with the architectural symbols used in the design. Those macro symbols of the gate are the metaphors of Edge, Destination, Gathering, Information, Flow and Lights. The analysis of macro elements led to a discovery of the micro architectural factors used in the smaller scale of the Ferry Terminal design. The analysis has provided several conclusions:1. In the design process, the architect uses a knowledge-base to choose architecturalelements that will support the symbolic message of a structure built on a specific site. 2. The number of these elements is infinite and the architect uses his or her experienceto choose the most appropriate elements that will support the intended message.3. Both overall and detailed analyses in the design process are oriented to produce thedesired impression of gateway.4. Comparison of historical examples and elements used in Whitehall Ferry Terminal design shows that impressions created by architecture are constant throughout history and always executed using contemporary technology. / Department of Architecture

Denna rapport består av information och data som har samlats in i syfte att kunna presentera en genomförbar konvertering av linfärjan Toras framdrivningssystem, som idag utgörs av dieselelektrisk drift, till bränslecellsdrift. Den bränslecell som behandlas i rapporten är PEMFC och är en bränslecellstyp som drivs av ren vätgas. Resultaten tjänar som en informationskälla för en potentiell konvertering och presenteras för Trafikverket, som ett alternativ i linje med Sveriges regerings mål att reducera mängden CO2 utsläpp på en nationell nivå. Informationen i rapporten har insamlats via mail- och telefonkontakt samt ett besök på Tora på plats i Stockholm. Ett genomförande av konverteringen är fullt möjligt men mer kostsamt än dieseldrift i dagsläget med avseende på höga bränsle- och inköpskostnader utav bränsleceller. Med framtidens hårdare utsläppskrav och eventuella förbud av fossila bränslen, så kanske vätgasen kan bli aktuell som bränsle, trots de höga kostnader som finns. / This report consists of the information and data collected in the purpose of presenting a viable option for a conversion from diesel-electric energy supply, to fuel cell energy supply for the propulsion of the cable ferry Tora. The fuel cell mentioned in this report is a PEMFC, which is powered by pure hydrogen. The result serves as a platform of information for a potential conversion and is presented to Trafikverket as an option that corresponds with the Swedish government’s goal of CO2 reduction on a national level. The information in this report was collected via email and telephone contact, and a visit to Tora in Stockholm. An implementation of the conversion is entirely possible but comes with a greater cost then diesel operation at the present time with regards to high fuel and purchase costs of fuel cells. With tomorrow's tougher emission requirements and possible ban on fossil fuels, then maybe hydrogen gas can be viable as fuel, despite the high cost.