The aim of this thesis is to compare possibilities of the pitch extraction methods in the monophonic melody. There is presented the overview of the methods based on the speech pitch extraction techniques in the thesis. These methods uses frequency, time and „cepstral“ domain. They are compared in the term of success of the detection of various test signals. The part of the thesis specification is the implementation of these methods in Matlab. There are described basics of sound features at the beginning of this work. The overview of the musical tuning systems is mentioned and there is described a problem of the determination of the pitch from the detected frequency. There is considered an issue of MIDI protocol in the next part of the work. There are described the brief history and the essential structure of MIDI protocol. The last task of the work was the creation of the program in C language. The purpose of the program is to analyze the monophonic melody in audio signal form and assign note numbers to the detected sounds according to MIDI specification. After that the numbers are written into the standard MIDI file (SMF). There was implemented a correlation pitch detection algorithm in this program. It had the best results as compared to the others. There was used the fast correlation based on Fast Fourier transformation to accelerate computing of the correlation. The program was created in the form of MEX function, which provides various possibilities to be used in Matlab. There was also attached the description of the FFTW library, which was used to compute FFT.

This thesis focuses on the measurement with the help of sampling cards and determination of the basic parameters of the measured signal. There will be described basic characteristics of the used card Alazartech ATS860- 256M and brief description of the programming languages which will control the cards. In these environments there were the created driving programs for the operation of these cards. Main measuring program was created in the language C\C++, that shall work as oscilloscope and the same time as spectral analyzer. This programme will determine basic characteristics of the measured signal. Further there will be created simple preparation for memasuring with this card. In the conclusion of this thesis will create instrutions for laboratory exercise.

Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFTs) are used in a wide variety of dif-ferent scientific areas. In addition, there is an ever increasing demand on fast and effective ways of computing DFT problems with large data sets. The FFTW library is one of the most common used libraries when computing DFTs. It adapts to the system architecture and predicts the most effective way of solving the input problem. Previous studies have proved the FFTW library to be superior to other DFT solving libraries. However, not many have specifically examined the cache memory performance, which is a key factor for overall performance. In this study, we examined the cache memory utilization when computing 1-D complex DFTs using the FFTW library. Testing was done using bench FFT, Linux Perf and testing scripts. The results from this study show that cache miss ratio increases with problem size when the input size is smaller than the theoretical input size matching the cache capacity. This is also verified by the results from the L2 prefetcher miss ratio. However, the study show that cache miss ratio stabilizes when exceeding the cache capacity. In conclusion, it is possible to use bench FFT and Linux Perf to measure cache memory utilization. Also, the analysis shows that cache memory performance is good when computing 1-D complex DFTS using the FFTW library, since the miss ratios stabilizes at low values. However, we suggest further examination ofthe memory behaviour for DFT computations using FFTW with larger input sizes and a more in-depth testing method. / Diskret Fouriertransform (DFT) används inom många olika vetenskapliga områden. Det finns en ökande efterfrågan på snabba och effektiva sätt att beräkna DFT-problem med stora mängder data. FFTW-biblioteket är ett av de mest använda biblioteken vid beräkning av DFT-problem. FFTW-biblioteket anpassar sig till systemarkitekturen och försöker generera det mest effektiva sättet att lösa ett givet DFT-problem. Tidigare studier har visat att FFTW-biblioteket är effektivare än andra bibliotek som kan användas för att lösa DFT-problem. Däremot har studierna inte fokuserat på minneshanteringen, vilket är en nyckelfaktor för den generella prestandan. I den här studien undersökte vi FFTW-bibliotekets cache-minneshanteringen vid beräkning av 1-D komplexa DFT-problem. Tester utfördes med hjälp av bench FFT, Linux Perf och testskript. Resultaten från denna studie visar att cache-missförhållandet ökar med problemstorleken när problemstorleken ärmindre än den teoretiska problemstorleken som matchar cachekapaciteten. Detta bekräftas av resultat från L2-prefetcher-missförhållandet. Studien visar samtidigt att cache-missförhållandet stabiliseras när problemstorleken överskrider cachekapaciteten. Sammanfattningsvis går det att argumentera för att det är möjligt att använda bench FFT och Linux Perf för att mäta cache-minneshanteringen. Analysen visar också att cache-minneshanteringen är bra vid beräkning av 1-D komplexa DFTs med hjälp av FFTW-biblioteket eftersom missförhållandena stabiliseras vid låga värden. Vi föreslår dock ytterligare undersökning av minnesbeteendet för DFT-beräkningar med hjälp av FFTW där problemstorlekarna är större och en mer genomgående testmetod används.

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This thesis is a part of the k-Wave project, which is a toolbox for the simulation and reconstruction of acoustic wave felds and one of its main contributions is the planning of focused ultrasound surgeries (HIFU). One simulation can take tens of hours and about 60% of the simulation time is taken by the calculation of the 3D Fast Fourier transforms. Up until now the 3D FFT has been calculated purely by the FFTW library and its 1D decomposition, whose major limitation is the maximum number of employable cores. Therefore we introduce a new approach, called the 2D hybrid decomposition of the 3D FFT (HybridFFT), where we combine both MPI processes and OpenMP threads to reach as best performance as possible. On a low number of cores, on the order of a few hundreds, we are about as fast or slightly faster than FFTW and pure MPI 2D decomposition libraries (PFFT and P3DFFT). One of the best results was achieved on a 512^3FFT using 512 cores, where our hybrid version run 31ms, FFTW run 39ms and PFFT run 44ms. The most significant performance advantage should be seen when employing around 8-16 thousand cores, however we haven't had an access to a machine with such resources. Almost a linear scalability has been proven for up to 2048 employed cores.

<p>Methods for performing large-scale parallel Molecular Dynamics(MD) simulations are investigated. A perspective on the field of parallel MD simulations is given. Hardware and software aspects are characterized and the interplay between the two is briefly discussed. </p><p>A method for performing <i>ab initio </i>MD is described; the method essentially recomputes the interaction potential at each time-step. It has been tested on a system of liquid water by comparing results with other simulation methods and experimental results. Different strategies for parallelization are explored.</p><p>Furthermore, data-parallel methods for short-range and long-range interactions on massively parallel platforms are described and compared. </p><p>Next, a method for treating electrostatic interactions in MD simulations is developed. It combines the traditional Ewald summation technique with the nonuniform Fast Fourier transform---ENUF for short. The method scales as <i>N log N</i>, where <i>N </i>is the number of charges in the system. ENUF has a behavior very similar to Ewald summation and can be easily and efficiently implemented in existing simulation programs.</p><p>Finally, an outlook is given and some directions for further developments are suggested.</p>

Methods for performing large-scale parallel Molecular Dynamics(MD) simulations are investigated. A perspective on the field of parallel MD simulations is given. Hardware and software aspects are characterized and the interplay between the two is briefly discussed. A method for performing ab initio MD is described; the method essentially recomputes the interaction potential at each time-step. It has been tested on a system of liquid water by comparing results with other simulation methods and experimental results. Different strategies for parallelization are explored. Furthermore, data-parallel methods for short-range and long-range interactions on massively parallel platforms are described and compared. Next, a method for treating electrostatic interactions in MD simulations is developed. It combines the traditional Ewald summation technique with the nonuniform Fast Fourier transform---ENUF for short. The method scales as N log N, where N is the number of charges in the system. ENUF has a behavior very similar to Ewald summation and can be easily and efficiently implemented in existing simulation programs. Finally, an outlook is given and some directions for further developments are suggested.

The thesis describes design and construction of vibration generator driver. The device is controlled via standard Ethernet interface and allows user to change parameters of generated function in PC application which reads and evaluates frequency and amplitude from real-time measured data while the test is running. In the introduction, vibration tests and choice of generators and power amplifiers are described. Next part is focused on every aspect of the hardware design. Last two chapters implement firmware for all three microcontrollers and software for PC application.

This thesis covers with the problems of photogrammetry. It describes the instruments, theoretical background and procedures of acquiring, preprocessing, segmentation of input images and of the depth map calculating. The main content of this thesis is the description of the new method of stereovision. Its algorithm, implementation and evaluation of experiments. The covered method belongs to correlation based methods. The main emphasis lies in the segmentation, which supports the depth map calculation.