El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo determinar el efecto de la gestión del proceso operativo en la liquidez de la empresa de transporte de carga COQUITOS SRL-Chiclayo 2021, por lo cual se desarrolló una investigación cualitativa no experimental , de acuerdo a un estudio de tipo, aplicado; bajo un nivel descriptivo, para la población se tomó en cuenta la empresa de transporte de carga considerando como muestra los procesos operativos gracias a la recolección de información; aplicando los instrumentos de entrevista, observación y análisis documental. Según el diagnóstico realizado a la empresa se pudo describir los problemas que existen, lo principal es que no contaba con un flujograma de procesos operativos que es algo muy importante para que se trabaje de acuerdo con lo establecido, y por lo tanto años tras año ha generado costos incensarios a la organización además de descuidar calidad de su servicio debido a la falta de supervisión en sus procesos, por ello, se ha encontrado reclamos de estafas, robos de mercadería que tenían un valor elevado perjudicando la liquidez de la empresa, por lo tanto esta investigación se basará estrictamente en reconocer todas aquellas deficiencias, relacionarlas con la gestión de los procesos operativos y la liquidez y de esa manera reconocer su importancia, concluyendo con invertir lo negativo a positivo y siempre aportando un valor para que la organización siga con sus actividades. / The present research work aims to determine the effect of the management of the operational process in the liquidity of the cargo transportation company COQUITOS SRLChiclayo 2021, for which a qualitative, non-experimental research was developed, according to a study of applied type under a descriptive level, For the population was taken into account the cargo transportation company considering as a sample the operational processes thanks to the collection of information applying the instruments of interview, observation and documentary analysis. According to the diagnosis made to the company it was possible to describe the problems that exist, the main thing is that it did not have a flow chart of operational processes which is something very important to work in accordance with the established, and therefore years after year has generated incessive costs to the organization in addition to neglecting quality of service due to lack of supervision in their processes, therefore, it has been found claims of scams, Therefore, this research will be strictly based on recognizing all those deficiencies, relate them to the management of operational processes and liquidity and thus recognize its importance, concluding with reversing the negative to positive and always providing a value for the organization to continue with its activities.

Le sujet développé dans cette thèse pose comme objectif de répondre à trois problématique résumables par une corrélation entre trois points principaux :(a) la relation entre l'usage des nouveaux outils des plateformes 2.0 dans l’intermédiation de la finance et l’émergence d’un nouvel archétype de financement ; (b) la distinction observée entre le capital-risque conventionnel et les financements opérant actuellement dans un environnement 2.0 et (c) l’approche optimale pour construire un environnement juridique modulé à l’évolution récente introduite par les outils 2.0 dans le financement de l’innovation. La recherche aborde la problématique en déconstruisant la dynamique institutionnelle de l’évolution économique contemporaine. Par cela la recherche tente de déterminer la nature et l’étendue des changements subis par l’économie en interaction constante avec le progrès technologique des nouvelles technologies d’information et de communication. La méthodologie du fond adoptée dans cette recherche fait partie de l’analyse économique de droit (Law and Economics). Néanmoins, l’analyse est enrichie par une référence aux outils théorétiques du courant économique néo-institutionnaliste américain et la sociologie économique critique française. Cette transdisciplinarité permet ainsi de comprendre la nature de l’évolution d’une manière plus élaborée. Le fil conducteur de cette recherche réside dans le phénomène de la financiarisation de l’économie. Cette recherche supporte l’idée selon laquelle les bouleversements du format et fonctionnement économiques actuels sont majoritairement le résultat d’un double mouvement institutionnel de nature financière et technologique. La recherche identifie trois institutions de nature économique et juridique au cœur du modèle de financement de l’innovation américain : la gouvernance par la flexibilité contractuelle fondée sur la notion du private ordering, la liquidité financière et l’externalisation du processus de l’innovation par rapport à la firme. Une analyse comparative de différents cadres règlementaires portant sur le capital risque en vigueur à travers le monde confirme la centralité de ces trois institutions. En conclusion de la recherche, il est ainsi nécessaire pour un Etat de reconnaître la nature institutionnelle du modèle de financement par lequel il compte supporter l’innovation. Pour le modèle de financement par capital-risque dominant aux Etats-Unis, un point d’équilibre entre d’une part un cadre règlementaire visant la protection des investisseurs et d’autre part des mesures favorisant la création de la liquidité financière devient indispensable. Néanmoins,l’oscillation règlementaire entre des mesures de support de liquidité et des règlements restrictifs reste en effet inévitable. L’évolution de la financiarisation de l’économie en alliance avec une concurrence pour l’innovation technologique ramènera les acteurs privés à assurer eux-mêmes la création de la liquidité. L’émergence des nouveaux types de contrats de financement par fonds propres allégés aux Etats- Unis (KISS contracts) puis reconfigurés pour le système juridique français (Contrats AIR) sert de preuve à cette hypothèse. La tâche la plus signifiante aujourd’hui pour les législateurs sera ainsi la création d’un ensemble de mesures protectrices contre les risques déraisonnables et démesurés. Ceci tout en assurant que les deux éléments irréductibles propres à l’institution du capital-risque – la spéculation conditionnelle et l’autonomie contractuelle – soient assurés par une marge de manœuvre suffisante requise pour supporter l’innovation. / The present doctorate research thesis attempts to resolve three correlated problematics summarized as following: (a) the relation between the use of new tools provided by the 2.0 platforms especially in the field of financial intermediation and the advent of a new financial archetype; (b) the difference between venture capital 2.0 and the conventional venture capital and (c) the concern over the utmost optimum approach in constructing a legal environment adapted to the current evolution introduced by the use of 2.0 tools in the financing of innovation. The research confronts the problematic by conducting a preliminary deconstruction of the ongoing institutional dynamic in regards to the current economical transformation. Subsequently, the research would attempt to define the nature and extent of the economical mutations in constant exposure to the new technologies in information and communication. This research fundamentally adopts a law and economics (L&E) analysis. In addition, the research would complement the traditional L&E analysis with further theoretical instruments by referral to the American neo-institutionnalist school of thought along with the French critical socio-economic theories. This transdisciplinarity would grant the possibility of attaining a more indepth understanding of nature of the economical mutation. The central unifying theme throughout the research resides on the concept of financialization of the economy. The research attributes the major disruption in the form and functioning of contemporary economy to an institutional financial and technological wave of change. The research identifies three economical and legal institutions residing at the core of the American financing of innovation model : the governance through contractual flexibility based on the notion of “private ordering”, financial liquidity and the externalization of the innovation process. A comparative analysis of different venture capital regulatory framework in various national jurisdictions confirms the major importance of the three stated institutions. In sum, the institutional nature of the financing model adopted by the government in support of innovation should be fully considered by national governments. For the case of the US venture capital model, an equilibrium point should be attained between two main regulatory framework objectives: the protection of investors and the creation of financial liquidity. A regulatory oscillation between liquidity creation and regulation would always prevail. Nonetheless, the financialization of the economy in conjunction with IT innovation would oblige private actors to maintain the creation of financial liquidity through private initiative. The emergence of new types of simplified equity financing model contracts such as the KISS contracts and the French variant, AIR contracts confirms this statement. Legislators would have to provide protection against unreasonable risk taking while ensuring that the two main elements of venture capital rest unhindered : conditional speculation and sufficient contractual autonomy to support innovation.

Purpose -- Given the enduring COVID-19 pandemic, this thesis set out to reveal an updated perspective of the service-oriented small business experience, particularly in their access and choice of financial resources to fund operations and adapt marketing strategy. By the time this study started, it was clear which businesses had been rising with the new tides of swelled categorical demand vs. those that were persevering like embers in a 'slow burn' state of low income against persistent expenses. Therefore, the research sought to compare the results of marketing experimentation with current plans for increasing resiliency, or enabling robust growth, coming out of the pandemic.  Methodology / Design / Approach -- As the quantitative understanding of the business impacts had been generalized, a closer look was needed into what entrepreneurs and small business leaders were thinking about in the present moment, by reflecting on factors for survival / thriving, until this point and going forward. To capture this wide range of perspectives and strategies in formulation, qualitative methods with a diverse set of businesses were selected. Theoretically, customer-centric marketing principles were employed, focusing on three intangible firm resources (of the resource-based view): 1) Stakeholder Relationships; 2) Brand Equity and 3) Knowledge / Capabilities. Findings -- With the realization that adequate financing is inaccessible and government support perceivably unreliable, small businesses naturally tested several emergent strategies within the limits of their available resources. During times of crisis and radical change, as entire industry ecosystems are reassuming their fundamentals, companies have the opportunity to maximize and develop their resources, in alignment with differing and changing customer demands.  Practical Implications -- While the recommendations are tailored for small business and optimistically many, cities are also suggested to take a resource-based VRIO (Value, Rarity, Imitability and Organizability) approach to supporting the economic value and potential of their retail, restaurant and service-oriented business communities.  Originality / Value -- Applying a modern customer-centric view for the small business resources most potentially valuable and developable, this research contributes a unique crisis-borne framework, which may be conceptually used as a hotbed -- by both internal and external (i.e. municipalities, partners and customers) stakeholders -- for ideating novel marketing strategies and supporting business growth / resilience.  Keywords: Adaptation, Crisis Management, Financial Liquidity, Access to Capital, Government Aid, Alternative Finance, Marketing Strategy, Resource-based View (RBV), Customer-Centric, Stakeholder View, Brand, Authenticity, Knowledge, Capabilities, Marketing Management, Marketing-Finance Interface, Paid Marketing, Organic Marketing, Customer Loyalty, Community and Decision-Making