Improving access and building inclusive financial systems is not just a goal but also a necessity for economies at every level of development. Unsecured lending was first introduced with the intention of addressing society's ills yet recent violence experienced at the Marikana mines in Rustenburg aroused the attention of both the general public and government. The impact of unsecured lending on the financial wellbeing of consumers has subsequently been brought under the spotlight. Unsecured lending has taken and will continue to take an increasingly central role in our social, political and economic landscape. This study intended to determine the impact of unsecured lending on the financial wellbeing of consumers and made use of three research hypotheses towards this aim. A survey was used to gather data which was statistically analysed by means of a quantitative research strategy. The findings of the research indicated that those who make use of unsecured lending as a means of accessing finance have a better subjective view of their financial wellbeing than those who do not make use of unsecured lending, further, consumers who make use of multiple unsecured loans have an improved outlook with regard to their financial position than those who do not make use of multiple unsecured loans. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2013. / mn2014 / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

Financial decisions among college students can be influenced by experiences with credit and debt services. Some college students may use alternative financial services (AFS; e.g., payday loans and check cashing services) to manage their personal finances to maintain a desired level of financial wellness. Fears about credit card usage may prompt the use AFS or overdraft on accounts due to a limited funds. Thus, some financial decisions, and ultimately, wellbeing may be influenced by financial knowledge, access to financial resources and attitudes towards financial services among college students. This study aims to explore factors (i.e., financial abilities, compulsive buying, materialism, knowledge, credit card, and AFS usage) that contribute to the financial wellbeing of college students. Initial findings from a stepwise regression show increased usage of credit cards (β = -0.08) and AFS (β = -0.08) decreases financial wellbeing while lower materialistic (β = 0.27) attitudes increases financial wellbeing.

The present fast-changing economic environment contributes to the daily challenges faced by organisations in their attempts to maintain a competitive edge. Employees need to be innovative continuously and maintain high levels of productivity in order to reach organisational goals. From a global perspective, a lot of research has been done concerning personal financial wellbeing, yet very little research on this topic could be found in the South African context. Seeing that intellectual capital is regarded as one of the most important assets of any organisation, the current study set out to determine the impact of personal financial wellbeing on employee productivity and absenteeism as part of total employee cost. For this purpose, a confidential online questionnaire was completed voluntarily by sampled employees (n=872) from the manufacturing industry. The results showed that financial interference is an outcome of the level of financial wellbeing; therefore, financial wellbeing does have an impact on financial interference. It was also determined that financial interference, in turn, does have an impact on both productivity and absenteeism. According to the results, personal financial wellbeing also affects both productivity and absenteeism directly. One recommendation for future research is to use this study as a basis from which to more generally improve financial wellbeing in the South African context. Also, more research could be conducted on suitable financial educational programmes to improve financial wellbeing in the South African workplace, as well as on determining a monetary value of the impact of financial wellbeing on productivity and absenteeism. / MCur, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The present fast-changing economic environment contributes to the daily challenges faced by organisations in their attempts to maintain a competitive edge. Employees need to be innovative continuously and maintain high levels of productivity in order to reach organisational goals. From a global perspective, a lot of research has been done concerning personal financial wellbeing, yet very little research on this topic could be found in the South African context. Seeing that intellectual capital is regarded as one of the most important assets of any organisation, the current study set out to determine the impact of personal financial wellbeing on employee productivity and absenteeism as part of total employee cost. For this purpose, a confidential online questionnaire was completed voluntarily by sampled employees (n=872) from the manufacturing industry. The results showed that financial interference is an outcome of the level of financial wellbeing; therefore, financial wellbeing does have an impact on financial interference. It was also determined that financial interference, in turn, does have an impact on both productivity and absenteeism. According to the results, personal financial wellbeing also affects both productivity and absenteeism directly. One recommendation for future research is to use this study as a basis from which to more generally improve financial wellbeing in the South African context. Also, more research could be conducted on suitable financial educational programmes to improve financial wellbeing in the South African workplace, as well as on determining a monetary value of the impact of financial wellbeing on productivity and absenteeism. / MCur, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

Background: The payment methods available to consumers for online purchases have evolved over time, with options ranging from debit and credit cards to e-wallets like PayPal and Apple Pay. Among these methods, Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) has emerged as a significant payment method alternative. At the same time the global debt had a record jump between 2021 and 2022, with low-income households being the ones that suffer the most. The convenience offered by BNPL payment method, coupled with the accelerated uptake of this method in recent years, has created regulatory scrutiny concerning its contribution to the financial health of the society.   Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore the relation between BNPL and financial wellbeing. The Generation Z cohort in the USA was specifically chosen as the target demographic due to their pronounced online purchasing behaviors and the notable tripling of their overall debt within the 2021-2022 period. Methodology: A quantitative approach for collecting data and data analysis was conducted using an online survey. The survey’s questions are influenced by previous research on financial wellbeing and debt levels. The survey’s populations are consisting of 150 individuals from different demographic backgrounds. The survey’s results have been analyzed by writing Python scripts and use relevant statistic libraries. Results and analysis: A significant portion of the study's respondents, irrespective of various demographic factors such as gender, education, and income level, answered that their use of BNPL had little to no impact on their financial wellbeing. Of particular significance is the answers of those familiar with BNPL who did not attribute any deterioration in their financial health by using BNPL. A subset of respondents acknowledged the potential for BNPL to cause overspending or regrettable purchases, but these sentiments were not predominant. Such findings challenge the common belief that BNPL inherently distributes to financial imprudence. However, nuances emerge when examining specific demographics. For instance, male respondents and those with lower educational attainment displayed a slightly heightened propensity to link BNPL with overspending. Conclusions: The overarching narrative suggests that while BNPL might influence purchasing behaviors to some extent, its direct impact on the broader financial wellbeing of individuals is not conclusively negative. Recommendations for future research: Future research can examine deeper behavioral insights on the effects of BNLP, investigate its effects on specific industries (e.g. luxury fashion) or examine global trends (given the present study is focused on USA).

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / Financial wellbeing is defined as a satisfaction state with financial situation, including subjective/behavioral aspects and objective/socioeconomic and demographic aspects. The main objective of this work is to analyze the influence of behavioral factors and financial wellbeing. The behavioral determinants in this research are: shopping addiction, materialism, financial behavior, financial attitude and financial knowledge. The objective aspects are socioeconomic and demographic variables as gender human, age, marital status, children, schooling, race, ascendency, occupation and income. This research is classified as descriptive, with a qualitative approach, this way a survey with 629 individuals has been applied in São Luis MA. The collecting data instrument used has been a structured questionnaire. The analysis consisted in descriptive and multivariate statistics techniques through the analysis of the sample profile, factorial analysis of constructs, the development of financial indices, identification of differences among the socioeconomic and demographic variables (trough test t and ANOVA) and regression analysis. In the results, low levels of financial wellbeing, shopping addiction and materialism have been found. On the other hand, high levels of financial behavior and attitude have been found. Furthermore, the index of financial knowledge has shown a very low level in basic, advanced and total financial knowledge in the studied sample. About financial wellbeing, differences among the groups have been identified in socioeconomic and demographic variables: marital status, schooling, age, income, occupation and race. The linear regression has shown that financial wellbeing is determined by aspects related to Investment and Saving Accounts, Financial Attitude of Control and age. The applying of this theme in national scenario characterizes the work s innovation. From organizational view, this research has contributed for marketing action and for financing and credit policy. / O bem-estar financeiro é definido como o estado de satisfação com a situação financeira, englobando aspectos subjetivos/comportamentais e aspectos objetivos/socioeconômicos e demográficos. O objetivo geral do presente trabalho é analisar a influência de fatores comportamentais no bem-estar financeiro. Os determinantes comportamentais da pesquisa são: as compras compulsivas, o materialismo, o comportamento financeiro, a atitude financeira e o conhecimento financeiro. Os aspectos objetivos são as variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas: gênero, idade, estado civil, filhos, grau de escolaridade, raça, ascendência, ocupação e renda. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. Assim, foi realizada uma survey em uma amostra de 629 indivíduos residentes em São Luís - MA. O instrumento de coleta de dados utilizado foi um questionário estruturado. A análise de dados consistiu em técnicas estatísticas descritivas e multivariadas, sendo realizadas as seguintes etapas: análise do perfil da amostra, análise fatorial dos construtos, desenvolvimento do índice financeiro, identificação das diferenças entre os grupos das variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas (através do teste t e ANOVA) e análise de regressão. Nos resultados, observaram-se baixos níveis de bem-estar financeiro, de compras compulsivas e de materialismo. Por outro lado, foram verificados altos níveis de comportamento e atitude financeiros. Ainda, o índice de conhecimento financeiro demonstrou um baixo nível de conhecimento financeiro básico, avançado e total na amostra estudada. No que diz respeito ao bem-estar financeiro, identificaram-se diferenças entre os grupos nas variáveis socioeconômicas e demográficas: estado civil, grau de escolaridade, idade, renda, ocupação e raça. A regressão linear determinou que o bem-estar financeiro é influenciado por aspectos relacionados com Investimento e Poupança, Atitude Financeira de Controle e Idade. A aplicação do tema em cenário nacional caracteriza uma inovação do trabalho. Do ponto de vista organizacional, a pesquisa contribui para ações de marketing e políticas de financiamento e crédito.

O presente estudo busca analisar, no contexto de uma organização pública brasileira, as relações de qualidade de vida no trabalho, bem-estar financeiro, literacia financeira e desempenho individual. No campo teórico se observou as pesquisas e fundamentos do bem-estar humano que em diversos estudos é associado à felicidade, composto pela satisfação com a vida e pelo balanço de afetos negativos e positivos, uma vez que se constitui de aspectos envolvidos pelos demais construtos. Demonstrados os fundamentos dos estudos anteriores de cada elemento das relações analisadas, foi definido o modelo geral de delineamento da pesquisa, adotando a literacia financeira e bem-estar financeiro como antecedentes de qualidade de vida no trabalho, e qualidade de vida no trabalho e bem-estar financeiro como antecedentes de desempenho no trabalho. Para a amostra foram apresentadas as estatísticas descritivas, procedendo-se à análise de consistência das escalas, que foram consideradas adequadas. Posteriormente, foram testadas as relações por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais (SEM), passando pelos testes de ajustes com parâmetros considerados bons e válidos para as inferências de análise. De quatro (04) hipóteses testadas nas relações, os resultados apresentados demonstram que: a primeira hipótese foi suportada, demonstrando-se que é possível inferir que o Estado Pessoal de Qualidade de Vida influencia positivamente o Desempenho no Trabalho, com coeficiente de 0,298; a hipótese dois foi suportada, podendo-se inferir que Bem-estar Financeiro apresenta relação precedente significativa e positiva para a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho, com coeficiente de 0,651; a hipótese três não foi suportada no modelo de equações estruturais, então foi realizado teste de correlação de Spearman, e dada a distribuição não normal, foi possível inferir que Literacia Financeira está significativamente correlacionada com Estado Pessoal de Qualidade de Vida com coeficiente 0,228; por fim, a hipótese quatro foi suportada, inferindo-se que o aumento do Bem-estar Financeiro influencia de forma significativa e positiva o aumento no Desempenho com coeficiente de 0,628. Compreende-se que o presente estudo enriquece as relações estudadas a respeito de qualidade de vida no trabalho ao trazer os construtos de literacia financeira e bem-estar financeiro para o debate de comportamento organizacional e gestão de pessoas no Brasil, bem ainda, sua influência para a gestão estratégica de pessoas observados os reflexos sobre desempenho no trabalho. / The present study aims to analyze in the context of a Brazilian public organization the relations between quality of work life, financial wellbeing, financial literacy and job performance. In the theoretical field, was demonstrated the research and principles about human wellbeing that in several studies is associated with happiness, composed by the satisfaction with life and by the balance of negative and positive affects, since it is constituted of aspects involved by the other constructs in this research. After demonstrating literature that support each construct of the relationships analyzed in previous studies of each element, the general model of research design was defined, adopting financial literacy and financial wellbeing as antecedents of quality of work life, and quality of work life and financial wellbeing as antecedents of job performance. For the sample, the descriptive statistics were presented, the analysis of consistency of the scales was considered and confirmed appropriate, after the relationships were tested through structural equation modeling (SEM), through the tests of adjustments with parameters considered good and valid for the inferences of analysis. From the four hypotheses tested in the relations, the results presented demonstrate that: the first hypothesis was supported, demonstrating that it is possible to infer that the Personal State of Quality of Work Life positively influences the Job Performance, with coefficient of 0,298; the hypothesis two was supported, it can be inferred Financial Wellbeing presents a significant and positive precedent relation for Quality of Work Life, with a coefficient of 0.651; the hypothesis three was not supported in the structural equations model, then the Spearman Correlation test was performed, given the not normal distribution, allowing to infer that Financial Literacy is significantly correlated with Personal State of Quality of Work Life with a coefficient of 0.228; and hypothesis four supported, inferring that the increase in Financial Wellbeing influences significantly and positively the increase in Job Performance with a coefficient of 0.628. It is understood that the present study enriches the relations studied regarding quality of life at work by bringing the constructs of financial literacy and financial wellbeing to the debate of organizational behavior and people management in Brazil, and its influence for the management strategic human resources observed reflections on job performance.

O presente estudo busca analisar, no contexto de uma organização pública brasileira, as relações de qualidade de vida no trabalho, bem-estar financeiro, literacia financeira e desempenho individual. No campo teórico se observou as pesquisas e fundamentos do bem-estar humano que em diversos estudos é associado à felicidade, composto pela satisfação com a vida e pelo balanço de afetos negativos e positivos, uma vez que se constitui de aspectos envolvidos pelos demais construtos. Demonstrados os fundamentos dos estudos anteriores de cada elemento das relações analisadas, foi definido o modelo geral de delineamento da pesquisa, adotando a literacia financeira e bem-estar financeiro como antecedentes de qualidade de vida no trabalho, e qualidade de vida no trabalho e bem-estar financeiro como antecedentes de desempenho no trabalho. Para a amostra foram apresentadas as estatísticas descritivas, procedendo-se à análise de consistência das escalas, que foram consideradas adequadas. Posteriormente, foram testadas as relações por meio de modelagem de equações estruturais (SEM), passando pelos testes de ajustes com parâmetros considerados bons e válidos para as inferências de análise. De quatro (04) hipóteses testadas nas relações, os resultados apresentados demonstram que: a primeira hipótese foi suportada, demonstrando-se que é possível inferir que o Estado Pessoal de Qualidade de Vida influencia positivamente o Desempenho no Trabalho, com coeficiente de 0,298; a hipótese dois foi suportada, podendo-se inferir que Bem-estar Financeiro apresenta relação precedente significativa e positiva para a Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho, com coeficiente de 0,651; a hipótese três não foi suportada no modelo de equações estruturais, então foi realizado teste de correlação de Spearman, e dada a distribuição não normal, foi possível inferir que Literacia Financeira está significativamente correlacionada com Estado Pessoal de Qualidade de Vida com coeficiente 0,228; por fim, a hipótese quatro foi suportada, inferindo-se que o aumento do Bem-estar Financeiro influencia de forma significativa e positiva o aumento no Desempenho com coeficiente de 0,628. Compreende-se que o presente estudo enriquece as relações estudadas a respeito de qualidade de vida no trabalho ao trazer os construtos de literacia financeira e bem-estar financeiro para o debate de comportamento organizacional e gestão de pessoas no Brasil, bem ainda, sua influência para a gestão estratégica de pessoas observados os reflexos sobre desempenho no trabalho. / The present study aims to analyze in the context of a Brazilian public organization the relations between quality of work life, financial wellbeing, financial literacy and job performance. In the theoretical field, was demonstrated the research and principles about human wellbeing that in several studies is associated with happiness, composed by the satisfaction with life and by the balance of negative and positive affects, since it is constituted of aspects involved by the other constructs in this research. After demonstrating literature that support each construct of the relationships analyzed in previous studies of each element, the general model of research design was defined, adopting financial literacy and financial wellbeing as antecedents of quality of work life, and quality of work life and financial wellbeing as antecedents of job performance. For the sample, the descriptive statistics were presented, the analysis of consistency of the scales was considered and confirmed appropriate, after the relationships were tested through structural equation modeling (SEM), through the tests of adjustments with parameters considered good and valid for the inferences of analysis. From the four hypotheses tested in the relations, the results presented demonstrate that: the first hypothesis was supported, demonstrating that it is possible to infer that the Personal State of Quality of Work Life positively influences the Job Performance, with coefficient of 0,298; the hypothesis two was supported, it can be inferred Financial Wellbeing presents a significant and positive precedent relation for Quality of Work Life, with a coefficient of 0.651; the hypothesis three was not supported in the structural equations model, then the Spearman Correlation test was performed, given the not normal distribution, allowing to infer that Financial Literacy is significantly correlated with Personal State of Quality of Work Life with a coefficient of 0.228; and hypothesis four supported, inferring that the increase in Financial Wellbeing influences significantly and positively the increase in Job Performance with a coefficient of 0.628. It is understood that the present study enriches the relations studied regarding quality of life at work by bringing the constructs of financial literacy and financial wellbeing to the debate of organizational behavior and people management in Brazil, and its influence for the management strategic human resources observed reflections on job performance.

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