This thesis explores the changing meaning of wind dried salmon in contemporary constructions of the culture of the Stó:lō First Nation. Wind drying has been a method of preserving salmon for the Aboriginal peoples of the lower mainland of British Columbia since time immemorial, providing significant winter provisions. However, over the course of the last one hundred years, participation in this fishing activity has been drastically decreased and currently only a handful of Stó:lō families maintain dry racks in the Fraser canyon. As a result, wind dried salmon has gone from being a staple to a delicacy, and is now valued as a cultural tradition, rather than merely as a food product. This change in culturally inscribed meaning is a product of the relationship between Stó:lō fishing activities and fishery regulations imposed by the settler state. Increasing restrictions of Aboriginal fishing rights have resulted in decreased participation and success in the Stó:lō fisheries. Furthermore, regulation has artificially categorized and segregated Stó:lō fishing activities, dislocating the commercialized fresh catch from the "subsistence" dried fish harvest. The response to this regulatory pressure has been the traditionalization of the wind dry fishery, situating the activity as a cultural symbol and a point of resistance to external control. Wind dryers currently refuse to commercialize the wind dry fishery, thus resisting outside control of the management of the fishery and the distribution of the harvest. This situation is discussed in light of anthropological understandings of the construction of traditions, and the issues of Aboriginal rights surrounding contemporary Stó:lōfishing activities. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

This is a study of the human conflict over fish in late nineteenth and early twentieth century British Columbia, and of how that conflict was shaped by law. Law, understood broadly to include both the legal forms of the Canadian state and those of Native peoples, defined and in part created both Native and state fisheries. When those fisheries clashed, one finds conflict between legal systems. When one fishery sought to replace the other, its laws had to replace the other. Thus, this is a study of law and colonialism, seen through a close analysis of the conflict over fish. Native fisheries and the web of regulation surrounding them preceded non-Native interest in British Columbia's fish. The fishery was not an open-access resource, but rather a commons, defined by entitlements, prohibitions and sanctions that allowed certain activity, proscribed others, permitted one group to catch fish at certain times in particular locations with particular technology, and prohibited others. The Canadian state denied the legitimacy and even the existence of Native fisheries law in imposing its law on the fishery. This study, based largely on government records and a secondary anthropological literature, describes the legal apparatus constructed by the Canadian state to reduce Native control of the fisheries in British Columbia through the creation, in law, of the "Indian food fishery". Law became a means of constructing a particular economic and social order that marginalized Native participation in the fishery and eliminated Native control. It was a "rhetoric of legitimation" that supported state domination, but also local resistance. Native peoples and their supporters used law, both Native and state law, to defend their fisheries. The history of the conflict over fish is the history of competing legal cultures, and the struggle on the Cowichan River and the Babine River over fish weirs reveals those cultures, constructed in opposition to each other. The study concludes by integrating the local conflicts over fish into a wider literature on law and colonialism, reflecting on the role of law in particular colonial settings. / Law, Peter A. Allard School of / Graduate

No description available.

Thesis (M.M.S.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2002. / "October 2002." Bibliography: leaves 56-66.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed January 9, 2008). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Wollongong, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references: p. 401-424.

127f. / Submitted by Oliveira Santos Dilzaná (dilznana@yahoo.com.br) on 2013-06-03T18:05:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Rafael Portela com termo.pdf: 10624701 bytes, checksum: 9476f6515d4b6168484c8ad4630168fb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Portela(anapoli@ufba.br) on 2013-06-04T19:26:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Rafael Portela com termo.pdf: 10624701 bytes, checksum: 9476f6515d4b6168484c8ad4630168fb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-04T19:26:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Rafael Portela com termo.pdf: 10624701 bytes, checksum: 9476f6515d4b6168484c8ad4630168fb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / CNPq / Busquei nesta dissertação contribuir para a superação de uma importante lacuna da historiografia brasileira, que pouco produziu sobre os trabalhadores do mar. Tratei aqui dos pescadores da Bahia, na segunda metade do século XIX. O trabalho foi dividido em três partes. No primeiro capítulo, discuto o contexto e os objetivos da criação da Capitania dos Portos, e as consequências disso para os pescadores. Problematizo a questão das matrículas dos pescadores, diretamente ligadas às novas estratégias de recrutamento de mão de obra para a Marinha de guerra, e as estratégias e opções deles para escapar do serviço. No segundo capítulo procuro traçar um perfil dos pescadores baianos através de documentos da capitania, censos, listas eleitorais, inventários etc, e trago o caso de Francisco Xavier de Santana, pescador da povoação do Rio Vermelho, que por alguns anos teve que driblar uma série de ataques e sabotagens a ele dirigidas para poder fazer sua pescaria com redes. Durante a análise dos sentidos do caso, procuro entender lógicas das relações entre pescadores, suas articulações políticas e redes de amizade e solidariedade. O capítulo final cuida de conflitos no mar ligados à questão dos territórios marítimos. De como os pescadores instituem divisões territoriais no mar, por eles mesmos continuamente disputadas e transgredidas. Trago a luta da capitania em fazer valer leis que nem sempre estavam de acordo com os costumes e/ou interesses de alguns pescadores e a oposição entre duas concepções distintas acerca do direito ao uso e controle de “partes” específicas do mar. In this thesis I contribute to overcome a relevant shortcoming of Brazilian historiography, which produced little about sea workers. The subject of this study are the fishermen of Bahia, in the second half of the nineteenth century. The work is divided into three parts. In the first chapter, I bring the context and objectives of the creation of the Capitania dos Portos [Port Captaincy], and the consequences of that to fishermen. I discuss the fisherman enrollment policy, directly linked to new strategies for recruiting manpower for the Marinha de Guerra [Navy], and the strategies and options to avoid the mandatory service. In the second chapter I draw a profile of Bahian fishermen through documents of the captaincy, censuses, electoral lists, inventories etc, and bring up Francisco Xavier de Santana's case, a fisherman from a village called Rio Vermelho, who for some years had to overcome a series of attacks and sabotages made against him in order to be able to keep on doing his fishing with fishnets. In the analysis of this case, I establish the relations among the fishermen and their friendship, solidarity and political networks. The final chapter is dedicated to the sea conflicts linked to issues concerning maritime territories. It explains how the fishermen used to establish territorial divisions at sea that were sistematically contested and transgressed by themselves. I hereby present the effort of the captaincy to enforce laws that weren't always in accordance to the customs and/or interests of some fishermen, and also the contrast between two different perspectives towards the right to use and to control specific "parts" of the sea. / Salvador

Dissertation (MTech( Public Management))--Cape Technikon, Cape Town, 2004 / Marine resources play a major role in sustaining the economy and social development of the nation and contribute to national economy, to employment and security of the local community. The South African fisheries management was conducted largel)' with political default. This denied most fishers access to marine resources. Since the democratic election of 1994, the government was left with the challenge to re-allocate rights in a way that would ensure that the under-presentation of historical disadvantaged individuals (HDl's) in the fishing industry would be corrected. The laws and regulations related to marine fisheries were also revised. The Marine Living Resources Act, No. 18 of 1998 attempted transformation in the fishing industry but lacked clear guidelines which led to litigation and crises in the fishing industry as many fishers were unhappy with the whole process. Marine fisheries policy was established and published in 1997 to address those historical imbalances by introducing the fishing right system of allocating rights to represent the national demographics of the country. This report seeks to describe the theory of the South African fishing industry, policy developments and the current status of permit allocation in South Africa. It will also examine the effectiveness in the implementation of the marine fisheries policy for South Africa. It will focus on the distribution of marine resources for commercial fishing purposes.

The main objective of this thesis is to provide an analysis of the economic logic behind fisheries policy and redistribution in South African. An examination of the institutional and organizational evolution reveals that South African fisheries policy followed the world trend in the movement toward quota management systems. However, it is argued that due to the peculiarities of the Apartheid political system, South Africa developed a unique and persistent structure of individual fishing rights that resulted in a transfer of power from the fisher to monopsonistic, and subsequently vertically integrated, fish processing companies. Problems, however, arose with the need to redistribute fishing rights to previously repressed racial groups. It is proposed that, within a specific form (TAC), the structure of individual fishing rights can be decomposed into four operational rules, namely, the right of participation, asset size, tradability and duration of term. Policy design is restricted to a feasible set of rules that impact on the flexibility of the system, the incentives facing private fishing companies and fishers, the efficiency of the fisheries management plan and finally the effect it has on a redistribution strategy. Within this analytical framework, South Africa's policy yields a very flexible system favourable to monopsonistic industrial organisation. However, by adding a redistribution constraint, this structure has a number of important effects. First, as new quota holders are added the information costs for effective fisheries management increase exponentially. Second, the transaction costs to private fishing companies are increased. Third, only the resource rent is redistributed (weak redistribution). Next, the micro to small vessel fisheries, the medium vessel fisheries and the large vessel fisheries are examined separately. The major aim is to determine, within the available data, the effect that a weak redistribution policy (redistribution of the resource rent), has on strong redistribution (redistribution of fishing capital and skills). The evidence definitely supports the analytical framework and suggests that fundamentally the structure of individual fishing rights, which evolved in response to a monopsonistic industrial organisation during the apartheid era in South Africa, works against strong redistribution. Also, that different fisheries face different constraints and that these should in certain instances be treated separately.

No description available.