Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1981. / Vita. Bibliography: leaves [185]-194.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawaiʻi, 2000. / Chairperson: Brian Murton. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Also available in print.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006.

By 1976 extended fisheries jurisdiction had been declared by most coastal states and territories of the world. The new regime of property rights was expected to affect seafood production costs which, in turn, could impact on seafood trade and the competitive positions of producing countries. In theory this policy should bestow upon coastal nations and territories a comparative advantage in seafoods. Thus, in studying price and nonprice competition as factors that influence seafood trade, a third factor (the effects of extended fisheries jurisdiction EFJ) is added. The best available data are aggregative. These data are used to analyze the influences of the three factors listed above on seafood trade. In the first part of the investigation, Canada and the U.S. are considered. The annual growth of each country's exports of fresh, frozen, and chilled fish to selected countries is computed using the constant market share approach. The calculated annual growth is partitioned into three effects (or components); namely; (1) competitiveness effect, which measures the portion of growth due to (price) competitiveness; (2) market distribution effect, which measures growth due to the (re)direction of exports to more rapidly growing markets; and (3) market size effect, which accounts for growth caused by overall growth in world demand. Both countries have gained substantial shares of the Japanese and European markets, but Canada's share of the U.S. market has declined due to increased competition from U.S. domestic producers. The U.S. share of every considered market has increased, in most cases, substantially. The second part of the study considers eight exporters of fish to the U.S. Various econometric models are used to analyze cause and effect relationships between changes in relative prices and changes in the market shares of pairs of countries/regions. Results indicate significant nonprice influence and symmetrical EFJ effects on product substitution. / Graduation date: 1987

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Queensland, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Göteborgs universitet, 2001. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Prior to 2010, megrim in the northern North Sea was not considered in the annual stock assessment for the species on the Northern Shelf. The underlying aim of this study was to fill some of the current knowledge gaps in megrim biology and ecology in the northern North Sea, providing improved scientific information that is intended to assist in the development of an informed assessment of the stock in future years. Changes in the distribution and relative abundance of common megrim Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis in the North Sea were investigated by comparing three data sources: fishers' knowledge collected through a structured questionnaire; a vessel's haul-by-haul catch data from the personal diaries of a single skipper over a 10-year time-series, and catch rates from fishery-independent surveys (IBTS Q1 and Q3). A number of life history characteristics of the common megrim Lepidorhombus whiffiagonis (Walbaum) were compared between the northern North Sea and Rockall, the latitudinal extremes of the species' distribution on the Northern Shelf. An estimation of the potential and relative fecundity of L. whiffiagonis was also presented for the first time. Furthermore, genetic analyses of adult megrims captured on the Northern Shelf were used to determine whether there was evidence of separate populations on the northern Shelf, the geographic distributions of any separate populations and whether the evidence from this genetic study supports the management units implemented in 2011. Finally, temporal variation in megrim discarding in the mixed demersal fishery in the northern North Sea prior to, and following recent quota increases was investigated. Logistic regression models were applied to investigate the effects of a range of explanatory factors on the probability of individual fish being discarded.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Aberdeen University, 2008. / Title from web page (viewed on Feb. 25, 2009). Includes bibliographical references. Print version also available.

Doctor of Philosophy(PhD) / This thesis uses a political ecology framework to critically analyse how development and environmental orthodoxies influence the use, management and development of living aquatic resources in an information poor developing country context. The research focuses specifically on Lao PDR, the only landlocked country of the Mekong River Basin, to question how knowledge over living aquatic resources is framed by a range of stakeholders. Specific attention is given to how aquaculture has gained ascendancy over capture fisheries in the rhetoric of resources users as well as government and nongovernment organisations. The empirical research focuses on the role of broad scale economic, social and environmental influences over resource use, the practical and perceived importance of both aquaculture and capture fisheries in rural Lao livelihoods and finally, how living aquatic resources are represented within the dominant development agendas of conservation, poverty alleviation and rural development. Field work was conducted in Savannakhet province in Southern Lao PDR over 18 months from 2001 to 2002. The thesis has a strong empirical research base divided into activities carried out over multiple scales ranging from household to the Mekong River Basin. The thesis begins by establishing the historical context of resource use as well as the major orthodoxies on which development is based. Attention then turns to the extensive empirical research conducted over three districts of Savannakhet province. The results of the empirical research report two macro scale studies at the district level. The first is a survey of fish ponds across three districts focusing on the spatial distribution of investment and resource use. The second is a survey of fish trade focusing on the differential trade between culture and capture fish species. The results of both studies highlight the disjuncture between complex patterns of aquaculture and capture fishery use and the major assumptions made about the use of these two resources by policy makers and management. Analysis then moves to the local level focusing on the role and importance of aquaculture and capture fisheries to the livelihoods of rural Lao communities. The results show the instrumental and hermeneutic importance of fish and other aquatic resources in the livelihoods of households and the community. In particular it is shown that capture fisheries are more important to rural livelihoods in terms of income and nutrition, while aquaculture is perceived as a more important activity in the development of community and household economies. ii The final section then compares the empirical findings of the thesis with the policy and planning agendas of government and non-government organisations. The analysis focuses on the role of ideas and agency creating a highly politicised policy environment concluding that aquaculture based policy is more compatible with both government and non government agendas of poverty alleviation and rural development than capture fisheries. Furthermore, capture fisheries are marginalised within conservation as a resource that cannot contribute to the improvement of livelihoods or alleviate poverty. The thesis concludes that living aquatic resources provide an imperative source of food and income to rural communities through diverse and complex human-environment interactions. In contrast government and non-government organisations operating at regional, national and local scales of policy and planning simplify these relationships drawing on wider orthodoxies of aquaculture and capture fisheries development. These simplifications do not reflect the problems and needs of the predominantly rural population. Furthermore, in the absence of a strong empirical base of information, living aquatic resources management and development has become highly politicised. Instead of responding to the realities of resource users, policy and planning reflect the interests and beliefs of development organisations, government and non-government. The thesis provides an important, grounded account of the importance of living aquatic resources to rural livelihoods in Lao PDR and how these resources are understood and translated into national development and management agendas. In doing so the thesis contributes to an understanding of how complex human-environmental systems are perceived and represented in development policy and wider knowledge systems. The thesis also makes an important theoretical contribution to the growing body of literature on critical political ecology by arguing for the revitalisation of ecology as an integrated approach within political ecology and more widely within the study of humanenvironment interaction.