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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A comparison of cold fixatives for detection of estrogen receptors in endometrium

Brodhecker, Cheryl A. January 1988 (has links)
This document only includes an excerpt of the corresponding thesis or dissertation. To request a digital scan of the full text, please contact the Ruth Lilly Medical Library's Interlibrary Loan Department (rlmlill@iu.edu).
2

Validation of antibodies for protein profiling : A study using immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays

Paavilainen, Linda January 2009 (has links)
The field of proteomics has rapidly expanded due to the completion of the human genome sequence. This thesis validates affinity-purified monospecific antibodies of polyclonal origin, for protein profiling in a broad spectrum of normal tissues and cells. Validation of antibodies is crucial for development of reliable binders for target proteins and this thesis evaluates the generation and application of large sets of msAbs in different settings. MsAbs were generated towards recombinant Protein Epitope Signature Tag (PrEST) antigens using a stringent affinity-purification strategy, presented in the first study. The specificity of msAbs was studied using reverse phase protein arrays and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and results presented over 90% success rate in the protein array analysis. In IHC, 81% of the msAbs displayed apparent specific staining in normal tissues. MsAbs were also compared with commercial analogs (cAbs) using IHC and Western blot. Results presented similar outcome between msAbs and cAbs in both applications, although interpretation suggested more extensive IHC staining patterns with msAbs than with monoclonal analogs. For antibody validation, an approach called paired antibodies was presented and involved the generation of two msAbs towards non-overlapping epitopes on the same protein. Similarities in protein detection between paired antibodies were studied using three different antibody-based methods. Similar results were observed in several applications, indicating that this strategy can be a useful tool for studying known and unknown proteins. Given the reliability of msAbs, they were also applied in a study investigating the impact of tissue fixatives on protein detection. The study showed that different fixation mechanisms appeared to affect protein recognition by indicating that aldehyde-based fixation, e.g. induced by neutral buffered formalin, was preferred for tissues used in IHC and non-aldehyde based fixation was applicable for tissues used in protein extraction analysis and Western blotting. Conclusively, validation results suggest that msAbs are reliable affinity binders that can be used as valuable tools for proteome-wide protein profiling in tissues and cells.
3

Avaliação das tecnicas de fixação do esfregaço citopatologico no rastreamento do cancer de colo uterino / Evaluation of the techiniques used in the Pap smear fixation in cervical cancer screening

Lopes, Erika Simone 24 August 2007 (has links)
Orientador: Maria Helena Baena de Moraes Lopes, Luiz Carlos Zeferino / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-11T17:49:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lopes_ErikaSimone_M.pdf: 700074 bytes, checksum: 3a0807c77000f2ca7cc189faee445613 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: O presente estudo visou descrever o processo atual de produção, distribuição e uso do fixador nas Unidades Básicas Saúde (UBSs), de Campinas, SP, os recursos humanos e materiais disponíveis para a coleta de exame citopatológico, bem como a técnica de fixação utilizada e comparar a adequabilidade dos esfregaços citopatológicos coletados nas UBSs utilizando diferentes técnicas de fixação. Foi desenvolvido um estudo descritivo, comparativo e prospectivo. Foram incluídos 2.114 esfregaços citopatológicos coletados em 43 UBSs, nas quais foram observadas informações sobre condições do espaço físico, armazenamento do fixador, técnicas de fixação dos esfregaços citopatológicos utilizadas, os profissionais responsáveis pela coleta e o processo atual de produção, distribuição e uso do fixador nas UBSs. A distribuição do fixador para as UBS foi de acordo com três tipos de técnicas de fixação: gotas, spray e álcool. Em 93% das UBSs os fixadores são armazenados em armário, já em 60,5% os rótulos com a data de fabricação não estava presente. A técnica de fixação mais utilizada foi gotas (93%), e a agitação do frasco era realizada em 86% das UBSs. A incidência de luz sobre o fixador foi observada em 90,6% das UBS. As trocas dos fixadores ocorrem em 46,5% semanalmente e em 81,4 % observou-se que os frascos encontravam-se fechados nas UBSs. Os profissionais que realizam os exames são 86% auxiliares de enfermagem, 84% por médicos, e em 51% por enfermeiras. Sessenta e cinco por cento das UBS apresentaram ventilador na sala de coleta, e 97,6% a presença de janela, e destas 73,8% encontravam-se abertas durante o procedimento de coleta. As freqüências de resultados ¿satisfatórios, mas limitados por fixação¿ variam de 14,9 a 23,2%, sendo significativamente mais baixa quando se usa o fixador na apresentação em spray (p<0,0001). A freqüência de resultados ¿satisfatórios, mas limitados por ausência de células glandulares e metaplásicas¿ com os diferentes tipos de fixadores variou de 13,8 a 22,3%, com menores taxas quando se usa o spray (p=0,0001). Não houve diferença significativa em relação à freqüência de lesões de baixo e alto grau, comparando-se os diferentes tipos de fixação. Quando se fez a fixação com álcool a 95% observou-se freqüência mais elevada do diagnóstico ASC-US, (p= 0,0025). A produção do fixador celular preparado pelo Laboratório de Citopatologia do CAISM para ser utilizado nas UBSs e o ambiente físico observado está dentro das normas e dos padrões descritos na literatura. Já o uso do fixador precisa ser revisto, observando-se as trocas, data de validade, manutenção do frasco fechado e em local protegido do calor. Na maioria das UBSs visitadas os profissionais pela coleta são auxiliares de enfermagem ou médicos que utilizam a técnica de fixação em gotas. A técnica de fixação que apresentou melhor desempenho foi polietilenoglicol e álcool em apresentação spray. Esta poderá ser uma alternativa mais adequada para ser implantada na rotina de coleta do exame citopatológico. A técnica de fixação em álcool a 95% elevou a identificação de ASC-US, o que necessita de melhor avaliação e análise. Os esfregaços nos quais se utilizou a técnica de fixação polietilenoglicol e álcool 95% em spray e álcool a 95% apresentaram menor freqüência de resultados satisfatórios, mas limitados por ausência de células glandulares ou metaplásicas. Este achado também carece de melhor investigação. Palavras-chave: esfregaço vaginal, neoplasia do colo uterino, controle de qualidade, citologia, fixadores / Abstract: To describe the current process of production, distribution and use of the fixative in the Basic Health Units (BHU), from Campinas, SP, the human resources and available materials to the smear test collection as well as the used fixation techniques, and to compare the quality of the Pap smears collected in the BHU, by using the different fixation techniques. It was developed a descriptive, comparative and prospective study. The sample was of 2114 Pap smears in 43 BHU, in which were observed information about the physical space conditions, manner of storage of the fixative, fixation techniques of the used Pap smears, the professional responsible for the collect, and the current process of production, distribution and use of the fixative in the BHU. The distribution of the fixative to the BHU was divided into three groups, with three types of fixation: drops, spray and alcohol. The smears were analyzed in the Cytopathology Laboratory from CAISM in the State University in Campinas. In 93% of the BHU, the fixatives are stored in cabinets, and in 60,5% of the labels there was no fabrication date. The most used fixation technique was drops (93%) and the flask shake was performed in 86% of the BHU. The light incidence on the fixative was observed in 90,6%. The fixative change occurs in 46,5% weekly and in 81,4% it was observed that the flasks were found closed in the BHU. The exams are performed in the BHU by 86% nurse auxiliary, 84% by physicians, and in 51% by nurses. In physical environment, it was observed that 65% of the BHU had ventilators in the collect room, in 97,6% there were windows and from these, in 73,8%, the windows were opened during the collect procedure. The frequencies of results ¿satisfactory, but limited by fixation¿ vary between 14,9% to 23,2%, being significantly lower when the spray fixative is used (p<0,0001). The frequency of results ¿satisfactory, but limited by the absence of glandular and metaplasic cells¿, with different types of fixatives, varied from 13,8% to 22,3%, with lower taxes when the spray is used (p=0,0001). There was no significant difference in relation to the lesions of low and high grades, comparing the different fixation types. When alcohol in 95% fixation was done, it was observed a higher frequency of the ASCUS diagnosis (p=0,0025). The production of the cellular fixative is inside the patterns described in literature. The fixative use must be reviewed, observing the changes, validity date, maintenance of the flask (closed and in a heat-protected place). In most of the visited BHU, the professional responsible for the collect are nurse auxiliaries or physicians that use the drop fixation. The physical environment is according to the norms described in literature. The fixation technique that presented the best performance was spray. This can be a more adequate alternative to be implanted in the routine of the Pap smear collect. The alcohol in 95% fixation raised the ASC-US identification, which needs better evaluation and analysis. The Pap smears in which the fixation technique polyethylene glycol and alcohol 95% in spray and alcohol in 95% was used, presented lower frequency of satisfactory results, but limited by the absence of glandular and metaplasic cells. This findind also needs better investigation. Key words: Vaginal smears, Uterine Cervical Neoplasm, Quality control, Cytology, Fixatives / Mestrado / Enfermagem e Trabalho / Mestre em Enfermagem
4

Estudo biológico de linhagens do protozoário ciliado Paramecium Caudatum Ehrenberg, 1833 e avaliação experimental do efeito tóxico do agrotóxico Fipronil

Alves, Henrique Cezar 26 November 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T18:39:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 3928.pdf: 2605839 bytes, checksum: c6479aa0713dafbba6120a489e655750 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-11-26 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Protozoans has been proposed as biological indicators of water pollution due to their sensitivity to environmental changes, their short life cycle and easy cultivation, this work intended to study two strains of the ciliated protozoan Paramecium caudatum Ehrenberg, 1833 (PC1 isolated from the Monjolinho Reservoir - São Carlos-SP and maintained in monoxenic culture at the Laboratory of Ecology of Aquatic Microorganisms of UFSCar and PC2 isolated from Óleo Lagoon an oxbow lake in the Moji-Guaçu River floodplain Luiz Antônio- SP). Experiments were done aiming to study the life cycle, best cultivation conditions and to verify the toxicity of the pesticide fipronil to these protozoan lineages, considering that the local from which they were isolated have differing history of contamination with the pesticide. The experiments were executed aiming to verify the possibility of the utilization of these organisms as environmental bioindicators in a standardized bioassay. The best culture condition obtained for PC1 was at pH 9 and 30 °C and for PC2 was at pH 7 and 27.5 °C. For the two lineages the best results were obtained with no light and agitation and the increase of the cultivation scale not interfered significantly in the growth. It was possible to observe that in culture, the PC2 has a slower growth and, in the other hand higher densities than PC1. Compared with other organisms, the two lineages are very resistant to fipronil, and as a result not suitable as bioindicators of environmental contamination by this pesticide. Besides, because they are food items for the higher trophic levels, their resistance to the pesticide led us to consider that in the contaminated ecossystems, these organisms can be important for the fipronil accumulation in the food web. However, the studied ciliates displayed potential to be used as test-organisms for ecotoxicological assays. / Protozoários têm sido propostos como indicadores biológicos de poluição aquática devido à sua sensibilidade a alterações ambientais, ao seu curto ciclo de vida e facilidade para cultivo, o presente trabalho pretendeu estudar duas linhagens do protozoário ciliado Paramecium caudatum Ehrenberg, 1833 (PC1, isolada da Represa do Monjolinho - São Carlos-SP e mantida em cultura monoxênica no Laboratório de Ecologia de Microrganismos Aquáticos da UFSCar e outra, a PC2, que foi isolada da Lagoa do Óleo-Lagoa marginal do Rio Moji- Guaçu- SP). Foram feitos experimentos que tiveram por objetivo estudar o ciclo de vida, obter as melhores condições de cultivo e verificar diferenças na sensibilidade dessas duas linhagens ao fipronil considerando que os locais de origem dessas linhagens possuem diferente histórico prévio de exposição ao agrotóxico. Os experimentos executados também visaram verificar a possibilidade de utilização desses organismos como bioindicadores ambientais em bioensaio padronizado. As melhores condições de cultivo para a linhagem PC1 foram em pH 9, a 30°C, e para PC2 foram em pH 7, a 27,5°C, sendo que para as duas linhagens o melhor crescimento foi sem iluminação ou agitação e o aumento na escala do cultivo não interferiu significativamente no crescimento. Em cultura foi possível observar que PC2 apresenta reprodução mais lenta, porém atinge maiores densidades que PC1. A linhagem PC2 é mais sensível ao fipronil. Comparadas a outros organismos, as duas linhagens são bastante resistentes ao fipronil, não sendo interessantes como indicadores de contaminação desse agrotóxico no ambiente. Além disso, por serem alimento de níveis tróficos superiores, a resistência apresentada ao agrotóxico nos leva a crer que nos ecossistemas contaminados, esses organismos podem ser importantes para a acumulação do fipronil na rede alimentar onde estão presentes. Entretanto, os ciliados estudados mostraram ser bons organismos-teste para ensaios ecotoxicológicos.

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