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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Genotypic and phenotypic typing of oral and vaginal isolates of C. albicans from HIV positive and negative subjects from Cameroon, Tanzania and the U.K

Shang, Judith Dzelambong January 1995 (has links)
No description available.
2

Mechanisms of Fluconazole Resistance in <i>Candida parapsilosis</i> Clinical Isolates

Wanamaker, Eileen B. 14 October 2013 (has links)
No description available.
3

SUSCETIBILIDADE DE Candida spp. RESISTENTES E SENSÍVEIS AO FLUCONAZOL FRENTE A ÓLEOS ESSENCIAIS EXTRAÍDOS DE CONDIMENTOS / SUSCETIBILITY FROM FLUCONAZOLE RESISTANTS AND SENSIBLES Candida spp AGAINST ESSENTIAL OILS EXTRACTED FROM CONDIMENTS

Pozzatti, Patrícia 23 March 2007 (has links)
In the present study, it was assessed antifungal activity of different essential oils obtained from plants traditionally used as condiments, against Candida isolates proven to be susceptible and resistant to the antifungal agent fluconazole. In this context, partial and total minimal concentration values, MICP e MICT, respectively, as well as minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of essential oils against different species of Candida were determined. In addition, it was evaluated minimal concentrations of oils that could inhibit germ tube formation by fluconazole susceptible and resistant isolates of C. albicans and C. dubliniensis. Candida species used in this study were: Candida albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata and C. krusei. The essential oils were obtained from: Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn (cinnamon), Lippia graveolens HBK (Mexican oregano), Ocimum basilicum L. (basil), Origanum vulgare L. (oregano), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary), Salvia officinalis L. (sage), Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme) and Zingiber sp. (ginger). The methodology used was broth microdilution, according to M27-A2 document provided by National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002). In order to assess inhibition of germ tube formation by essential oils, it was used the synthetic medium Phase M. Chemical composition of essential oils was obtained through gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and through calculation of retention index (RI). Results of antifungal activity tests were analyzed through Mann Whitney statistic test. Subsequently, it was noticed that basil, rosemary and sage essential oils did not show antifungal activity against Candida isolates on tested concentrations. However, cinnamon, Mexican oregano, oregano, thyme and ginger essential oils showed different levels of antifungal activity, being oregano oil the most potent and ginger oil the least efficient. Considering the extended spectrum of antifungal activity presented by these essential oils, it was noticed that similar concentrations could inhibit fungal growth or be fungicidal to isolates originally sensible and resistant to fluconazole. Besides, some oils also demonstrated moderate activity against Candida species which naturally show high fluconazole MICs, such as C. glabrata e C. krusei. All the essential oils inhibited germ tube formation, being oregano oil the most active and rosemary oil the least one. The majoritary constituents in the essential oils were: Z-isoeugenol (93,3%) for cinnamon; carvacrol (56,8%) and o-cymene (32,2%) for Mexican oregano; linalool (32,22%) and 1,8-cineole (23,61%) for basil; carvacrol (92,6%) for oregano; 1,8-cineole (28,59%) and camphor (26,31%) for rosemary; cis-thujone (40,61%) for sage; g-terpinene (64%) for thyme; and zingiberene (20,81%) for ginger essential oil. In conclusion, these results made possible evidencing that Candida spp isolates which are resistant to fluconazole, except for some particularities, were sensible to essential oils that demonstrated antifungal activity. / No presente estudo avaliou-se a atividade antifúngica de diferentes óleos essenciais obtidos de plantas tradicionalmente utilizadas como condimentos, frente a isolados de Candida comprovadamente sensíveis e resistentes ao fluconazol. Para tanto, determinou-se a concentração inibitória mínima parcial e total, CIMP e CIMT, respectivamente, bem como a concentração fungicida mínima (CFM) frente as diferentes espécies de Candida. Também foi avaliada a concentração mínima de óleo capaz de inibir a formação de tubos germinativos (CIMTG) em C. albicans e C. dubliniensis sensíveis e resistentes ao fluconazol. As espécies de Candida utilizadas na pesquisa incluíram: Candida albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata e C. krusei. Os óleos essenciais testados foram obtidos de: Cinnamomum zeylanicum Breyn (canela), Lippia graveolens HBK (orégano mexicano), Ocimum basilicum L. (manjericão), Origanum vulgare L. (orégano), Rosmarinus officinalis L. (alecrim), Salvia officinalis L. (sálvia), Thymus vulgaris L. (tomilho) e Zingiber sp. (gengibre). A metodologia empregada foi a microdiluição em caldo, de acordo com o documento M27-A2 do National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2002). Para avaliar a inibição da formação de tubos germinativos pelos óleos essenciais, utilizou-se o meio sintético Fase M. A composição química dos óleos essenciais foi obtida através de cromatografia gasosa acoplada a um espectrômetro de massas (CG-EM) e através do cálculo do índice de retenção (IR). Os resultados encontrados para os testes de atividade antifúngica foram analisados através do teste estatístico de Mann Whitney. Diante disto, observou-se que os óleos essenciais de manjericão, alecrim e sálvia não evidenciaram atividade antifúngica frente aos isolados de Candida nas concentrações testadas. Entretanto, os óleos essenciais de canela, orégano mexicano, orégano, tomilho e gengibre demonstraram diferentes níveis de atividade antifúngica, sendo o óleo de orégano o mais potente, e o de gengibre, o de menor atividade. Em adição ao amplo espectro de atividade antifúngica dos óleos essenciais citados, observou-se que concentrações semelhantes de óleo essencial foram capazes de inibir o crescimento fúngico ou de serem fungicidas para isolados originalmente sensíveis e resistentes ao fluconazol. Além disso, alguns dos óleos também demonstraram moderada atividade contra espécies de Candida que naturalmente apresentam elevadas CIMs ao fluconazol, tais como C. glabrata e C. krusei. Todos os óleos essenciais inibiram a formação de tubos germinativos, havendo destaque para o de orégano, e menor inibição pelo óleo de alecrim. Os constituintes majoritários presentes nos óleos essenciais foram: Z-isoeugenol (93,3%) para a canela; carvacrol (56,8%) e o-cimeno (32,2%) para orégano mexicano; linalol (32,22%) e 1,8-cineol (23,61%) para o manjericão; carvacrol (92,6%) para o orégano; 1,8-cineol (28,59%) e cânfora (26,31%) para o alecrim; cis-tujona (40,61%) para a sálvia; g-terpineno (64%) para o tomilho; e zingibereno (20,81%) para o óleo essencial de gengibre. Em conclusão, os resultados permitiram constatar que Candida spp resistentes ao fluconazol, respeitadas algumas particularidades, foram sensíveis aos óleos essenciais que evidenciaram atividade antifúngica.

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