Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Davis, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.

Analysis of income elasticity of demand was carried out for beef, pork, eggs, tea, and coffee. Prices for beef and pork were taken at the wholesale level, while those for eggs, tea and coffee were taken at the retail level. Prices and disposable income were obtained from the National Accounts and were deflated by the Implicit Price Deflator obtained from the same source. The effect of the time variable was eliminated, in the case of beef, pork, and eggs, by taking the first differences. Straight line regressions were fitted to the consumption data of all 5 commodities. From the multiple variable equation, estimated values of x₁ and the residuals for each year were computed. The residuals were plotted around the partial regression equation (obtained by substituting the arithmetic mean for the value of the ether variables) according to the sign of the residuals for the year. Free-hand lines were fitted to this scatter diagram and from these lines the degree of variation was calculated. The regression coefficients were used in calculating elasticities. The income elasticity of the demand for beef varied from +0.815 to +1.178 from 1929 till 1944. For the period 1945-52, the average increase in income was only 0.875 dollars. There was a decrease in the per capita consumption of beef as calculated from the partial regression equation (removing the effect of changes in price of beef and price of pork). Thus income elasticity was -0.199 ± 0.02 during 1945-52. When the years of extreme variation in beef consumption (1934,-35,-43.-44,-48) were omitted from the series, the income elasticity was + 0.349 for the period 1929-33 and 0.00, -0.0063 for the periods 1939-42 and 1946-52. Thus in recent years the income elasticity of demand for beef has been decreasing and has approached 0.00. However, in considering these results, one should remember that the multiple regression equation explained only 26 per cent of the total variation. The regression coefficient fitted to pork consumption explained only 19 per cent of the total variation. Even out of this total explained variation the price of pork explained 80 per cent. The income elasticity of demand for pork came out to be +0.053 to +0.090. In the analysis of the demand for eggs, the price coefficient was not statistically significant. The income elasticity of demand for eggs varied from +0.403 to +0.657. The consumption of tea has been decreasing and that of coffee Increasing since 1926. The results of the multiple regression analysis were influenced by this time trend. When income elasticity of demand for coffee was calculated over the whole period it decreased from +1.120 to +1.068. The income elasticity of demand for tea was found to vary from -0.530 ± 0.133 to -1.438 ± 0.362. When separate, regression lines were fitted for the periods 1926-41 and 1942-52, none of the regression coefficients was significant in the latter period and only the price of tea coefficient in the first period. As has already been pointed out, there has been a trend in the consumption of tea and coffee. It is possible that because of Increases in disposable Income and in coffee consumption the income elasticity of demand is positive for coffee and negative for tea. The income elasticity of demand has been decreasing in the case of both tea and coffee but the reason seems to be different in the two cases. The income elasticity of demand for tea declined at a faster rate than the Income elasticity of demand for coffee. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

Thesis (M. Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes special report study entitled: Environmental dried food technology. Includes bibliographical references.

One of the most persistently challenging topics in the Information Systems (IS) field continues to be how to improve understanding and gain a useful perspective on technology adoption and implementation. Researchers attempting to make progress in this field have had to grapple with the limited explanatory power of recognised diffusion theories and the fragmentation of research on uptake of innovative technology across a number of disciplines. / This research project addresses the fundamental question of how to improve technology adoption and implementation-referred to in this thesis as the innovative technology uptake (ITU) problem. Tackling the ITU problem required development of a coherent explanatory theoretical framework, which needed to be appropriate for the investigation of diffusion processes in the more complex environment of a market. Evolutionary Diffusion Theory (EDT) offered this project an appropriate basis as well as a broader investigative approach for reviewing technological change. Originally formulated in the field of Evolutionary Economics, EDT describes economic phenomena with a particular focus on situations of change, open systems and innovation processes. Although EDT- and the set of axioms derived from the theory- can be applied to many fields, in this project it was restricted to exploring the ITU problem in Government to Business (GB2) implementations of e-business technologies in the Australian food industry. / This study of uptake of innovative technology in the Australian food industry between 2000 and 2003 produced a significant body of empirical data. The major case study applies the conceptual framework to a review of an online system for facilitating access to export documentation (known as EXDOC) and its phased implementation by a government agency, the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service (AQIS). The EXDOC case study provides the basis for an exploratory analysis of current Australian practices in the uptake of innovative G2B technology as well as a review of the ITU problem in relation to policy and sustainable technology issue / This thesis produced the following deliverables: A conceptual framework derived from axioms based on Evolutionary Diffusion theory which adds considerably to understanding of influences on uptake of innovative G2B technology in an IS research context; A simple integrated framework for understanding not only why technology innovations fail but also the conditions under which they can form durable communities; A set of holistic guidelines proposed to assist other Australian government agencies currently implementing innovative online technology got G2B service delivery. / This research paper suggests that Evolutionary Diffusion provides a unified theory best suited to understanding the principle influences on the speed and specific course of uptake of G2B innovative technology in the Australian food industry. / Thesis (PhD)--University of South Australia, 2005.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Montana, 2008. / Title from title screen. Description based on contents viewed May 4, 2009. Includes bibliographical references (p. 88-92).

Thesis (M.Arch.)--University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes special report study entitled : Environmental dried food technology. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print.

The Razard Analysis Critical Control Point (RACCP) system has been in existence as a method of quality assurance for over 30 years. During this time it has evolved considerably, along with the food industry in which it is applied. Rowever, only in the last few years has the system achieved widespread acceptance as one of the most effective methods of controlling foodborne hazards and its principles come to be included in national legislation. Whilst the greater implementation of RACCP has the recognised potential to bring great gains in terms of food safety assurance, the technical nature of its procedure, which seeks to identify hazards and prevent their occurrence via specifically targeted control measures (Critical Control Points (CCPs», has caused some considerable difficulties in its operation. Identifying that there was a real need for the dissemination and subsequent application of expertise in RACCP, this piece of research work has aimed to develop a method of aiding the practical implementation of RACCP. A computer based solution was chosen for its potential to store, organise and access large amounts of information and data which could be used interactively by the user to conduct a RACCP study. Through the experiences of several companies with RACCP implementations and the completion of a traditional RACCP study with a collaborating company, requirements for expertise on RACCP have been identified in two main areas. The first requirement was for knowledge, in particular with regard to hazard identification. The second requirement was for a more clearly defined structure for the RACCP study itself, in particular with regard to hazard analysis. Aiming to address these aspects, two computer applications based around relational databases have been developed. This development together with limited field testing of the second application have provided an insight into many of the problems associated with the practice of RACCP as well as demonstrated the potential of computer based systems to both disseminate information and aid decision processes in this area.

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No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Delaware, 2006. / Principal faculty advisor: Titus O. Awokuse, Dept. of Food & Resource Economics. Includes bibliographical references.