This thesis examines the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on Vietnamese economy based on Partial Adjustment Model and time series data from 1976 to 2004. FDI is shown to have not only short run but also long run effect on gross domestic product (GDP) of Vietnam. However, elasticity of GDP with respect to FDI is small and it will take many years to fully manifest itself. The impact of trade openness on GDP has also been examined and it is shown to be stronger than that of FDI. The paper offers a number of explanations and discusses briefly suggestions in order to increase the contribution of FDI to Vietnam’s economic development.

This article analyzes and examines Mainland China¡¦s and Vietnam¡¦s investment environment. This investment environment includes politics and law, social economy, investment form, finance, tax, infrastructure, risk assessment . Meanwhile, we describe the difference between CS-SIP and TTEPZ with respect of the comparative analysis of the micro-investment environment. At last, we demonstrate the dominance of Mainland China¡¦s investment environment. Includes: the rapid economic growth, potential market, good infrastructure, the lower risk of investment. The dominance of Vietnam includes: stable political situation, complete protective measures, peaceful social environment.

In1987, the Government released the law about restricting people to cotact between Taiwan and China, and the trade between Taiwan and China became more and more important. With the trend of economic community in globe and the industrial environment in Taiwan changed, the Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) should think about them how to keep advantages in global competition. Internationalization is the best choice that can help Taiwanese enterprises promote their competitive position in the world. China is a developing market and a lot advantages, such as rich resources and cheaper labors. Above all, China has become the major location of Taiwanese firm¡¦s foreign direct investment. Compared with the process of MNEs located in North America/European Unit (developed countries, DC), the international process of Taiwan¡¦s MNEs is very different with in other countries. This is interested topic to investigate the entry strategies of Taiwanese firm¡¦s FDI in China. Focused on China, this thesis try to find out the model of entry mode and entry timing. The two basic types of entry mode are wholly owned subsidiary (WOS) and joint venture (JV). This study also defined the FDI timing of 1993 is the intermediary to differentiate early entrant from latter entrant. The study collects 48 effective cases from electronics and non-electronics industries. The analytical technique used in this research includes descriptive statistics, factor analysis, cluster analysis, bivariate correlations, Multivariate Analysis Covariate of Variance (MANCOVA) and logistic regression. The study finds that the strategic roles of the MNEs have significant influences on the choice of entry mode. With different strategic motivations, the type of entry mode and the timing of entry are also difference. The relationship between entry mode and entry timing is not significant. In the view of global logistic management, Taiwan¡¦s MNEs will be an early entrant in China.

After the cold war, the world situation has already changed drastically. The development of economic in Vietnam and China are also changing by time. In order to develop national economy and improve the living standard of the people, Vietnam and China implemented a lot of economic reform policies. These policies included opened to outside world, promoted industrial modernization, and attraction of foreign direct investment etc, and the two countries¡¦ economy have become better during several years. But because of Vietnam¡¦ reformation implemented later than that in China, her investment environment and policy is incomplete, especially the ratio of reward of foreign investments implementing direct investment were not high, the foreign investments turned into China. Therefore, my focus on the research and comparison the policy difference investment environment and FDI in Vietnam and China. I am trying to find the reason why the foreign investment China much more than in Vietnam? Why China¡¦s investment environment is much more better than in Vietnam? What is the difference from the policies of attraction of FDI in the two countries? Eventually, how the two countries¡¦ economic development in the future?

<p>This thesis investigates the determinants of Swedish foreign direct investments to 24 European countries during the period 1998 to 2008 with 2000 and 2008 as sample years. The thesis emphasizes five factors that affect the Swedish FDI flows to these countries, which are grouped into OECD countries and CEE countries (Central and Eastern European Countries). The explanatory variables studied are economic growth, property rights, labor cost and two dummy variables with one targeting whether the country is culturally affiliated with Sweden and the other is dealing with whether that country is an OECD country or not. We use multiple regressions to find out to what extent each of these variables can explain the variance of FDI during the years 2000 and 2008.</p><p>The coefficient estimates show the expected sign in the relationship between FDI and the various explanatory variables, with the exception of labor cost but only OECD membership shows a significant relationship to FDI (and only when using 2000 data).</p>

<p>Malaysia is one of the developing countries in the world that is on the verge to become de-veloped (Internationella Programkontoret, 2003). In 2004, Malaysia had a growth rate around 7% (United Nation Statistic Division, 2005) and it is implied that the Malaysian market is continuously growing. One factor that can increase the growth rate in Malaysia is foreign direct investments (FDI), which is, according to Chino (2004), one factor of sus-tainable growth. It has been noticed that the world is getting smaller and more companies are looking for opportunities outside the country boarders and in this situation Malaysia is an attractive alternative for establishment.</p><p>The purpose of this study is to investigate and deepen the understanding of cultural factors affecting the establishing process for Swedish companies in Malaysia, and through that cre-ate an awareness that can simplify the establishing process.</p><p>To answer the purpose of this study, a qualitative research has been used. Interviews with Swedish companies newly established in Malaysia have been performed. The respondents have been asked about the establishing process in Malaysia and the Malaysian culture. Ad-ditional interviews with the Swedish Trade Council and the Swedish Embassy have also been performed. The interview guides have been based on theories about FDI, the estab-lishment process and culture. Hollensen’s market entry strategies, Hollensen’s network model and Hofstede’s cultural dimensions are the main theories used throughout this study.</p><p>The authors have found through this study that the different ethnic groups in Malaysia are highly influential on the business environment and that foreign companies establishing in Malaysia have to be aware of this situation. The multicultural society is an advantage for Malaysia, through the locals’ ability to adapt to different cultures and the many different languages in the country. However, foreigners moving to Malaysia need to be aware of the special treatment of the Malays and how that affects the business environment. Two main problems have been found by the authors; the Malaysian bureaucracy and the locals unwill-ingness to let foreigners into their networks. This can be problematic for foreign compa-nies, but can be handled through the help of governmental functions such as MIDA or MSC, or through a company secretary or auditor.</p><p>Through this visualization of the cultural factors that affect the establishing process of Swedish companies in Malaysia, the authors hope to minimize the risk of them running into the same problems and obstacles.</p>

This thesis investigates the impact that the corporate income tax rate has on inflows offoreign direct investment (FDI) in high-income OECD countries during the periods1998-2006. The thesis has a small focus on Sweden and how this country’s policies canaffect inward FDI. Moreover, the determinants of FDI are analyzed in order to build amodel that allows to see the influence that the statutory corporate income tax rate has onthese countries. OLS regressions are used to find the degree to which certain variables,specifically the corporate tax rate, have an impact of the dependent variable (i.e.aggregate inflows of FDI). The independent variables are: GDP, skilled labour, labourcosts, economic freedom as a proxy for trade openness and property rights,infrastructure, the corporate income tax rate, dummy variables to account for timeeffects and three dummy variables for continental location targeting whethergeographical location is of relevance of not.It is concluded that the corporate income tax rate does have a significant impact on FDIinflows in OECD members for the specified period. Additionally, economic freedom,gdp and geographical location are also found to be important variables that determinethe inflows of FDI. Other variables are found insignificant in almost all regressions.

Aim: The research project discusses foreign direct investment as well as the attractiveness of the region of Gävleborg within this context. The researchers attempt to investigate why foreign direct investment is not yet common within the aforementioned region. Moreover, the aims of the master thesis are evaluating the region of Gävleborg and current strategies of enticing foreign investments, as well as detecting roadblocks that hinder the establishment. Lastly, generating an outline of how to improve foreign investment attraction ought to be investigated. Results &amp; Conclusion: Gävleborg has a good infrastructure and accessibility, and is characterised by lower labour and living costs compared to other Swedish regions. Nonetheless, the number of inward investment is quite low. Main reasons for that are the lower level of education, high labour costs for low skilled jobs, missing financial incentives and a non-continuous work to attract inward investment. Therefore, the region may work on its attractiveness by increasing its awareness through attending trade fairs, and by collaborating with established companies and their partners.

This thesis examines both the long run and the short run impact of Exchange Rate Volatility on Foreign Direct Investment using an unbalanced panel data from three Sub-Saharan African countries of Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. This is accomplished by generating Exchange Rate Volatility figures by the GARCH(1,1) methodology. The control variables included in this study include GDP, GDP growth, Economic Openness and Exchange rate. In order to capture the impact of economic openness on exchange rate volatility and thus foreign direct investment, different econometric specifications are adopted. The unbalanced panel data used in the analysis ranges for different time period for the specific countries considered in the panel.

Multinational enterprises (MNEs) are central drivers behind neo-liberal globalisation. These enterprises are usually centred in developed countries, with competitive operations in developing countries. The literature on MNEs and foreign direct investment usually focus on the motivation for investment, decisions on expansion, the structure of ownership of investment, the mode of entry, and the perception of risk. Fluctuation in the exchange rate is a source of uncertainty that affects MNEs' and other enterprises' market values. Enterprises' exposure to changes in the exchange rate has increased with the adoption of floating exchange rates and more intensive involvement in international trade. The conventional belief is that competition in the export market is positively related to a depreciation of the exchange rate, which will in turn be advantageous to the stock market, while the opposite is true for an appreciation of the exchange rate. If the contribution of import or intermediate imported inputs to the final production were quite large, an appreciation of the exchange rate will have a positive effect on input costs and the stock market. This study investigates the exchange rate exposure of multinational enterprises in South Africa to the bilateral exchange rate of the rand against the US dollar and the nominal effective exchange rate of the rand. It presents evidence on the direction and magnitude of currency exposure. From the empirical results presented in this study it can be concluded that the majority of MNEs are not significantly exposed to either one of the exchange rate changes. It has also been found that the majority of enterprises lose market value when their local currency depreciate against the US dollar, while the majority of South African enterprises are positively related to changes in the nominal effective exchange rate of the rand. MNEs that are not significantly exposed to changes in exchange rates could be subject to three possibilities. (1) The most obvious reason is that enterprises are not exposed to changes in the exchange rate. Enterprises in liberated (or •open") countries are more exposed to exchange rate movements as opposed to those in closed countries, such as the USA. (2) Enterprises could be engaged in on and off balance sheet hedging activities, which would reduce exchange rate exposures. (3) The methodology used in a study does not present the correct exposure results. / Thesis (M.Com. (Economics))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2005.