Omniprésents, la relation homme-machine est encore une définition ardue à cerner. Les ordinateurs réalisent dans le temps des tâches récurrentes. Ils aident ainsi l'homme à manipuler d'énormes quantités de données, souvent même plus rapidement et plus précisément que lui. Malgré cela, la capacité des ordinateurs demeure limitée lorsqu'il s'agit d'extraire automatiquement des informations d'images ou de vidéos, qui représentent pourtant des volumes de données extrêmement importants. La vision par ordinateur est un domaine qui inclut des méthodes d'acquisition, de traitement, d'analyse et de compréhension des images afin de produire de l'information numérique ou symbolique. Un axe de recherche contribuant au développement de ce domaine consiste à reproduire les capacités de la vision humaine par voie électronique afin de percevoir et de comprendre une image. Il s'agit de développer des algorithmes qui reproduisent une des capacités les plus étonnantes du cerveau humain à savoir la déduction des propriétés du monde purement externe au moyen de la lumière qui nous revient des divers objets qui nous entourent. Nos travaux de thèse s'inscrivent dans cet axe de recherche. Nous proposons plusieurs contributions originales s'inscrivant dans le cadre de résolution des problèmes de la reconnaissance et de la localisation des symboles graphiques en contexte. L'originalité des approches proposées réside dans la proposition d'une alliance intéressante entre l'Analyse Formelle de Concepts et la vision par ordinateur. Pour ce faire, nous nous sommes confrontés à l'étude du domaine de l'AFC et plus précisément l'adaptation de la structure du treillis de concepts et son utilisation comme étant l'outil majeur de nos travaux. La principale particularité de notre travail réside dans son aspect générique vu que les méthodes proposées peuvent être alliées à divers outils autre que le treillis de concepts en gardant les mêmes stratégies adoptées et en suivant une procédure semblable. Notre incursion dans le domaine de l'Analyse Formelle de Concepts et plus précisément notre choix de la structure du treillis de Galois appelé aussi treillis de concepts est motivé par les nombreux avantages présentés par cet outil. Le principal avantage du treillis de concepts est l'aspect symbolique qu'il offre. Il présente un espace de recherche concis, précis et souple facilitant ainsi la prise de décision. Nos contributions sont inscrites dans le cadre de la reconnaissance et de localisation de symboles dans les documents graphiques. Nous proposons des chaînes de traitement s'inscrivant dans le domaine de la vision par ordinateur / Computer vision is a field that includes methods for the acquisition, processing, analysis and understanding of images to produce numerical or symbolic information. A research contributing to the development of this area is to replicate the capabilities of human vision to perceive and understand images. Our thesis is part of this research axis. We propose several original contributions belonging to the context of graphics recognition and spotting context. The originality of the proposed approaches is the proposal of an interesting alliance between the Formal Concept Analysis and the Computer Vision fields. We face the study of the FCA field and more precisely the adaptation of the structure of concept lattice and its use as the main tool of our work. The main feature of our work lies in its generic aspect because the proposed methods can be combined with various other tools keeping the same strategies and following a similar procedure. Our foray into the area of the Formal Concept Analysis and more precisely our choice of the structure of the Galois lattice, also called concept lattice is motivated by the many advantages offered by this tool. The main advantage of concept lattice is the symbolic aspect. It is a concise, accurate and flexible search space thus facilitating decision making. Our contributions are recorded as part of the recognition and localization of symbols in graphic documents. We propose to recognize and spot symbols in graphical documents (technical drawings for example) using the alliance between the bag of words representation and the Galois lattice formalism. We opt for various methods belonging to the computer vision field

A presente dissertação consiste em uma tentativa de apreender a figuração da elite a partir do ponto de vista que organiza o romance Azul e dura, de Beatriz Bracher. Procuramos determinar a especificidade do olhar da narradora-protagonista em sua relação com o contexto histórico e social contemporâneo com o intuito de definir de que maneira esse olhar capta aspectos significativos da experiência histórica atual. A hipótese que orienta a análise é a de que o romance escrito a partir do ponto de vista de um representante da mais alta elite, e calcado em seu percurso de sofrimento psíquico-social, produz o efeito de cooptação do leitor. Tentamos investigar os limites da formalização que, ao não alcançar o distanciamento, convida o leitor a se colar ao ponto de vista da narradora marcado pelo sentimento de impotência social e pela acomodação ao estado de coisas vigente. / The dissertation that follows aims at analyzing the figuration of the elite from the point of view that organizes the novel Azul e dura, by Beatriz Bracher. We seek to determine the specificity of the perspective of the narrator, who is the protagonist of the narrative, in its relation to the social and economical contemporary context, in order to demonstrate how the point of view of the narrative grasps relevant aspects of the current historical experience. Our hypothesis is that the novel written from the perspective of a representative of our highest elite, and centered in her trajectory of social and psychic suffering, produces the effect of co-optation of the reader. We tried to investigate the limits of the formalization that, without achieving distancing effect, invites the reader to partake the narrators viewpoint characterized by the feeling of social impotence and conformism to the current state of things.

This study examines phrase and larger formal structures in the first movement of Leo Brouwer’s Elegio de la Danza (1964), a work that draws on tonal and post-tonal traditions. By adapting key features of the tonal motive, as described by Douglass Green, and the tonal period, as proposed by Green and William Caplin, the model seeks to provide a tool for the discussion of phrases and larger forms in Brouwer’s work. An analysis of primary parameters, such as melody, harmony, and rhythm, provides the means to discuss how the composer articulates beginnings and endings of statements and responses, which are then grouped into antecedent and consequent phrases. These periods articulate large-scale sections, which outline a ternary formal design. Secondary parameters (dynamics, tempo markings, instrumental markings) further contribute to the identification of formal structures in Brouwer’s work.

ABSTRACT A USABILITY EVALUATION FRAMEWORK AND A CASE STUDY ON A SUPPLIER PORTAL SYSTEM Babayigit, Elif Fatma M.Sc., Department of Industrial Engineering Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Dr. Tayyar Sen December 2003, 229 pages The goal of this thesis is to provide a usability evaluation framework in the area of e-procurement technologies and a case study on this base. A survey of the concepts of human computer interaction, usability and usability evaluation techniques is carried out. Additionally current e-procurement technologies are explored and specifically a Company&rsquo / s Supplier Portal System which was employed in year 2003, as an e-procurement technology for the procurement of direct goods, is taken into consideration. Pointing from the findings of the survey, a usability evaluation methodology is developed based on user and task analysis of the Supplier Portal. Within this methodology, in terms of performance metrics of the Supplier Portal, usability attributes to be measured are determined and a checklist for a heuristic system evaluation is developed. iv While a laboratory testing structure is proposed for the case, a usability satisfaction survey and empirical usability tests are implemented with the actual users of the Company Supplier Portal. Descriptive and inferential formal analyses of the survey and field test results are studied, contributing to the Usability Evaluation of the Portal. Lastly further prospects are pointed, where usability, formal analysis, supply chain management and systems design intercept.

A presente dissertação consiste em uma tentativa de apreender a figuração da elite a partir do ponto de vista que organiza o romance Azul e dura, de Beatriz Bracher. Procuramos determinar a especificidade do olhar da narradora-protagonista em sua relação com o contexto histórico e social contemporâneo com o intuito de definir de que maneira esse olhar capta aspectos significativos da experiência histórica atual. A hipótese que orienta a análise é a de que o romance escrito a partir do ponto de vista de um representante da mais alta elite, e calcado em seu percurso de sofrimento psíquico-social, produz o efeito de cooptação do leitor. Tentamos investigar os limites da formalização que, ao não alcançar o distanciamento, convida o leitor a se colar ao ponto de vista da narradora marcado pelo sentimento de impotência social e pela acomodação ao estado de coisas vigente. / The dissertation that follows aims at analyzing the figuration of the elite from the point of view that organizes the novel Azul e dura, by Beatriz Bracher. We seek to determine the specificity of the perspective of the narrator, who is the protagonist of the narrative, in its relation to the social and economical contemporary context, in order to demonstrate how the point of view of the narrative grasps relevant aspects of the current historical experience. Our hypothesis is that the novel written from the perspective of a representative of our highest elite, and centered in her trajectory of social and psychic suffering, produces the effect of co-optation of the reader. We tried to investigate the limits of the formalization that, without achieving distancing effect, invites the reader to partake the narrators viewpoint characterized by the feeling of social impotence and conformism to the current state of things.

A presente dissertação consiste numa tentativa de se desenvolver uma discussão ampliada a partir de uma análise de Cidade de Deus, de Paulo Lins. Tal análise buscava desentranhar os traços formais fundamentais da obra, para a partir delas intuir dinâmicas sociais, culturais e históricas, tornadas mais evidentes pelo próprio trabalho. Partindo do caráter de exceção e de novidade da obra no quadro do romance brasileiro dos anos 1990 e mesmo em geral, sem excluir a sua matriz francesa, coube-nos perguntar no que consistia tal empreitada artística, traduzido num inusitado modo de composição, tendo em vista não tanto a sua reverberação dentro da história literária, mas as suas consequências em outros planos, sejam eles culturais ou histórico-sociais. / The dissertation that follows tries to develop a broader discussion from the analysis of Paulo Lins\' Cidade de Deus. Such an analysis strives to unravel the fundamental formal characteristics of the novel, and then to make use of them to perceive and see through some cultural, historical and social dynamics that are to become clearer in due course. Starting from the status of exception and novelty of this literary work, against the background of the Brazilian novel and its French matrix, the question repeatedly raised was the one concerning the very nature of this artistic effort, its unusual composition mode, aiming not so much at its reverberations inside the literary history, but at its consequences in different cultural and sociohistorical dimensions.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-18T21:31:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 Sullivan Bernardo de Almeida1.pdf: 3083845 bytes, checksum: fc5c724a2d2f7db0df33ff3003813cbd (MD5) Sullivan Bernardo de Almeida2.pdf: 3547449 bytes, checksum: 4b351507307ed3209bd7f949f6d04a92 (MD5) Sullivan Bernardo de Almeida3.pdf: 2851232 bytes, checksum: ac93d506a318b2a68c755673e1ba7271 (MD5) Sullivan Bernardo de Almeida4.pdf: 1920341 bytes, checksum: 9f93869cc03bb5bc4e08069492abf245 (MD5) Sullivan Bernardo de Almeida5.pdf: 1076712 bytes, checksum: 701edc418e949ac6bef282a620bbfc0d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-01-28 / Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie / Di Cavalcanti was born in Rio de Janeiro when the city was undergoing trough a radical reubanization process leaded by the government, Rodrigues Alves, Brazil President, and managed by city mayor Pereira Passos. During his government, Passos chnged the provinvicial city aspect. He had built gorgeous squares, wide avenues, strongly impacting the way of life at the poor people, who used to live in the slum, pushing them to move to furlher neighborhood around the city. Based upon his personal view of such scenario, Di Cavalcanti created the Fantoches da Meia-noite series, breaking up with Art Nouveau style, followed by him until then. The work is made up of sixteen boards and a presentation folder by the writer Ribeiro Couto. The folder text regards to the impression that both kept on the cratures who in habited that neighborhood. The objective of this work is indentify the expressionist characteristics of the Fantoches da Meia-noite work, and verify a possible closeness with the chowings by the artist Egon Schiele. To accomplish so, we will atlain a formal analysis of Fantoches, following Donis A. Dondis methodology in his book Sintaxe da Linguagem Visual, and as theorical support, we will base on semiotical concepts theory. / Di Cavalcanti nasceu no Rio de Janeiro num momento em que a cidade passava por um processo radical de reurbanização promovido pelo Presidente Rodrigues Alves e implantado pelo Prefeito Pereira Passos. Durante seu governo Passos modificou o aspecto provinciano da cidade, construindo grandes praças e largas avenidas, alterando violentamente a vida das pessoas na então capital da República, promovendo a expulsão da população carente que habitava os cortiços na região central, para periferia da cidade. É a partir de um olhar particular a respeito daquele cenário que Di Cavalcanti produz a série Fantoches da Meia-noite, promovendo uma ruptura com o estilo Art Nouveau, até então praticado pelo artista. Trata-se de um conjunto composto por dezesseis pranchas, contendo desenhos e um encarte de apresentação prefaciado pelo escritor Ribeiro Couto. O texto refere-se às impressões que ambos mantinham em relação às criaturas que habitavam aquele cenário. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar características expressionistas no álbum Fantoches da Meia-noite e, também, verificar uma possível aproximação com os desenhos do artista autríaco, Egon Schiele. Para tanto, faremos uma análise formal dos Fantoches a partir da metodologia utilizada por Dondis A. Dondis em seu livro, Sintaxe da Linguagem Visual. Como suporte teórico, nos basearemos nos conceitos da teoria semiótica.

Tato práce popisuje průběh refaktoringu programu mkfs.xfs za účelem zpřehlednění jeho kódu a vyčištění technického dluhu naakumulovaného za dvacet let existence tohoto programu, a následně jeho statickou analýzu. Použité nástroje (CppCheck, Coverity, Codacy, GCC, Clang) jsou srovnány z hlediska počtu i typu nalezených chyb.

This study examines phrase and larger formal structures in the first movement of Leo Brouwer’s Elegio de la Danza (1964), a work that draws on tonal and post-tonal traditions. By adapting key features of the tonal motive, as described by Douglass Green, and the tonal period, as proposed by Green and William Caplin, the model seeks to provide a tool for the discussion of phrases and larger forms in Brouwer’s work. An analysis of primary parameters, such as melody, harmony, and rhythm, provides the means to discuss how the composer articulates beginnings and endings of statements and responses, which are then grouped into antecedent and consequent phrases. These periods articulate large-scale sections, which outline a ternary formal design. Secondary parameters (dynamics, tempo markings, instrumental markings) further contribute to the identification of formal structures in Brouwer’s work.

Via the use of applied games design methodologies, based on analytical grounding, this paper examines the possibility of developing a new type of Policy Game, Wicked Games, as Participatory Design method for use when working with multiple stakeholders on Critical, Crucial, Complex and Wicked Problems (Rittel & Webber 1973). This paper approaches this topic from a Games Design Research perspective, to shed new light on the qualities of medium for participatory designers. This paper provides a definition of, design heuristics for, and an example of a Wicked Game as a starting point for further work within the topic, as well as providing an analysis of a Formal Analysis as a methodology for extracting tacit knowledge from games, Distributed Playtests as a means for gathering information to allow rapid iteration within games design.