This thesis focuses on problems of Spanish proverbs and their equivalents in Czech language. The theoretical part is devoted to comparison between Czech and Spanish linguistic theory, phraseology and paremiology, definition of the proverb and description of its properties. The aim of the practical part is to investigate the frequency of use of Spanish proverbs, their semantic and syntactic analysis, as well as their relation to other variants or synonymous expressions, as well as their comparison with Czech proverbs. The practical part is based on the book of Czech author Zdeněk Jirotka Saturnin, translated into Spanish. Key words: phraseology, paremiology, phrasemes, proverbs