The work describes the character of phraseology of the so-called Slovak Romani in the selected literary texts and in the light of this description, tries to find answers to the basic problems of Romani phraseology. Special attention is paid primarily to the following fields: identification of phraseologisms, description of properties, categorization, problems with translation, and specification of the vitality of phraseologisms. The work is based on theoretical conclusions made by prominent Slovak and Czech linguists found in its first part. The second part of the work is dedicated to the classification and description of excerpted phraseologisms. Each phraseologism is fitted with the following information: meaning, examples of application, variants, synonyms, antonyms, and Slovak and Czech phraseological equivalents. The work tests how well-known and lively the phraseologies excerpted from literature are by comparing their frequency of occurrence in the language of native speakers and by questionnaire research found in the third part. The focal point of the work is represented by authentical examples of how each phraseologism is used both in literature and colloquial Romani. These later may be used for compilation of a phraseological dictionary.

This thesis consists of analysis and mutual comparison of television newscast Události and Televizní noviny. Thesis analyses language modifications and selection of language resources in analogue programmes - with the broadcast difference of 25 years on public television. The work presents lexical, syntactic and phonological analysis. Language usage is also represented by a frequency dictionary, which is used in newscast.

The notion of time from cognitive perspective.

The term ‘phrasal vocabulary’ refers to multi-word expressions, that is, idioms, templates or “strings of words, which appear to be processed without recourse to their lowest level of composition” (Wray, 2002, p.4). Formulaicity constitutes an essential feature of language production and comprehension, and phrasal vocabulary plays a central role in everyday language usage. This research study replicates the experimental design carried out in the study Acquiring phrasal vocabulary by Kuiper, Columbus, & Schmitt (to appear), which used a cloze procedure to test three main hypotheses: a) There are significant differences between the degree of acquisition of formulaic language items by native and non-native speakers of English; b) The frequency of usage of the head-verbs contained in verb plus complement formulaic sequences is positively correlated with the acquisition of such sequences; and, c) Phrasal vocabulary is age graded. In the present study the target language is Spanish instead of English. In addition, available evidence suggests that cultural integration seems to be linked to the acquisition of formulaic language. Thus, a questionnaire intended to measure the participants’ cultural integration level to the target language community was developed. The results of this study supported the predictions that the amount of formulaic language acquired by native speakers is positively correlated with age, and that non-native speakers’ phrasal vocabulary is significantly less extensive than that of native speakers. Most importantly, the results also showed a significant effect of verb frequency on the participants’ acquaintance with the formulaic sequences tested. However, the prediction that cultural integration would be positively correlated with the number of correct answers in the cloze test for both groups was not supported. Extending to the Spanish language the results reported by Kuiper, Columbus, & Schmitt supports the argument that the processes of acquisition of formulaic language across diverse linguistics systems function in a very similar way (Corpas Pastor, 2003). A better comprehension of the mechanisms by which speakers acquire formulaic language may significantly contribute to the development of an appropriate methodology to teach phrasal vocabulary to second language learners.

The term ‘phrasal vocabulary’ refers to multi-word expressions, that is, idioms, templates or “strings of words, which appear to be processed without recourse to their lowest level of composition” (Wray, 2002, p.4). Formulaicity constitutes an essential feature of language production and comprehension, and phrasal vocabulary plays a central role in everyday language usage. This research study replicates the experimental design carried out in the study Acquiring phrasal vocabulary by Kuiper, Columbus, & Schmitt (to appear), which used a cloze procedure to test three main hypotheses: a) There are significant differences between the degree of acquisition of formulaic language items by native and non-native speakers of English; b) The frequency of usage of the head-verbs contained in verb plus complement formulaic sequences is positively correlated with the acquisition of such sequences; and, c) Phrasal vocabulary is age graded. In the present study the target language is Spanish instead of English. In addition, available evidence suggests that cultural integration seems to be linked to the acquisition of formulaic language. Thus, a questionnaire intended to measure the participants’ cultural integration level to the target language community was developed. The results of this study supported the predictions that the amount of formulaic language acquired by native speakers is positively correlated with age, and that non-native speakers’ phrasal vocabulary is significantly less extensive than that of native speakers. Most importantly, the results also showed a significant effect of verb frequency on the participants’ acquaintance with the formulaic sequences tested. However, the prediction that cultural integration would be positively correlated with the number of correct answers in the cloze test for both groups was not supported. Extending to the Spanish language the results reported by Kuiper, Columbus, & Schmitt supports the argument that the processes of acquisition of formulaic language across diverse linguistics systems function in a very similar way (Corpas Pastor, 2003). A better comprehension of the mechanisms by which speakers acquire formulaic language may significantly contribute to the development of an appropriate methodology to teach phrasal vocabulary to second language learners.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas, Austin, 1983. / Vita. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 145-147).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1966. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

nÃo hà / O presente trabalho objetiva investigar especificamente os culturemas do PortuguÃs Brasileiro (PB). Coletamos esses componentes culturais em trabalhos cientÃficos brasileiros, com o intuito de inventariÃ-los consoante orientaÃÃo teÃrica de Luque Nadal (2009) e Pamies BertrÃn (2008). O levantamento desses sÃmbolos extralinguÃsticos do PB nos mostrarÃ, alÃm de parte significativa do espelho cultural do Brasil atravÃs do lÃxico, a flutuaÃÃo terminolÃgica da categoria aqui explorada. A descriÃÃo e categorizaÃÃo desses elementos nos apresentarÃo, portanto, o reflexo linguÃstico do fenÃmeno. AlicerÃados nas bases teÃricas da Lexicultura e da Fraseologia, pretendemos tambÃm problematizar as implicaÃÃes teÃrico-metodolÃgicas provocadas por essa alianÃa. Se a bagagem histÃrica e cultural de uma sociedade à inserida na lÃngua por meio de diversos fenÃmenos, como culturemas e fraseologismos, resultando na impossibilidade de pensar a lÃngua desagregada desses princÃpios, entÃo, nÃo à ousadia defender essa relaÃÃo necessÃria, haja vista o papel desempenhado pelos culturemas, qual seja, o de atuar como veÃculo de transmissÃo de cultura de um povo, alÃm de cumprir satisfatoriamente a funÃÃo de viabilizar um trÃnsito entre os dois idiomas: materno e estrangeiro. Ademais, sua aprendizagem em LE contribui significativamente para o desenvolvimento da competÃncia comunicativa â objetivo principal das aulas sob a perspectiva de uma abordagem comunicativa. A relevÃncia de nossa reflexÃo se impÃe na medida em que à reconhecidamente sustentÃvel que conhecimento de uma lÃngua extrapola o domÃnio de regras gramaticais e o conhecimento lexical; trata-se, em Ãltima instÃncia, do conhecimento de aspectos culturais, entre os quais està o linguÃstico. / This research aims to investigate the Brazilian Portuguese (BP) culturemes. We collected these cultural components in Brazilian scientific papers with the intention of inventorying them according to the theoretical orientation of Luque Nadal (2009) and Pamies BertrÃn (2008). According to Pamies Bertran (2007), culturemes are culturally motivated extralinguistic symbols, which are the basis for the different languages to generate new phraseological units. The survey of these extralinguistic symbols of BP will show us, besides a significant part of the cultural mirror of Brazil through the lexicon, the terminological fluctuation of the category exploited in our work. The description and categorization of these elements will therefore present the linguistic reflex of the phenomenon. Based on the theoretical bases of Lexiculture and Phraseology, we also intend to problematize the theoretical and methodological implications of this alliance. If the historical and cultural baggage of a society is inserted into the language by means of various phenomena, such as culturemes and phraseologisms, resulting in the impossibility of thinking the language disaggregated from these principles, then it is not boldness to defend this necessary relation, given the role played by culturemes, that is, to act as a vehicle for the transmission of culture of a people, and satisfactorily fulfill the function of enabling a transit between the two languages: mother tongue and foreign language. In addition, learning a foreign language contributes significantly to the development of communicative competence - the main objective of classes within a communicative approach. The relevance of our reflection is imposed insofar as it is admittedly sustainable that knowledge of a language goes beyond the domain of grammatical rules and lexical knowledge; in the last instance, the knowledge of cultural aspects, among which is the linguistic one

The present study focuses on English collocations and their testing in Czech learners of English. Since the importance of collocations and phraseology as a linguistic discipline has not been recognised until recently, these concepts are introduced from the general point of view. First, the attention is given to the history of phraseology and its underlying principles as well as to the major approaches to it. Second, phraseological units are described from the point of view of their categorisation and of some influential typologies of these units. The main focus of interest is collocations, particularly major approaches to them as well as criteria commonly used to describe and delimit collocations from other types of prefabricated units and their definition and classification. Previous research on collocations in learner English is also outlined. The analytical part (based on Granger's (1998) study) analyzes the results of testing English collocations in Czech learners of English. The main focus is on whether these results confirm or deny the results of Granger's study, as well as on the learners' knowledge of and ability to use collocations, particularly on their (non)attaining the native "ideal."

The thesis is about Serbian phraseology, specifically about a survey of knowledge and usage frequency of selected Serbian similes. It provides short summary of phraseographic history and development of phraseology and idiomatics on the territory of Czech Republic, Serbia and Croatia. It also gives theoretical description of phraseology and idiomatics and it focuses in great detail on similes. It deals with survey of knowledge and usage frequency of some Serbian similes based on questionnaires. It dedicates to an external factors that influence knowledge and usage of selected group of similes. A small Serbian-Czech dictionary with phrasemes from the questionnaire is included. Keywords: phraseology - similes - Serbian language - questionnaire