Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-105). Available online from the Digital Repository at the University of Maryland.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-105).

Thesis (doctoral) - Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt am Main, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 225-234).

The purpose of this paper is to analyze and to review fundamental ideas and theories of employment and to set forth the policies that can best obtain the goal of full employment, which is defined as the condition where those who want to work at the prevailing rates of pay can find work without undue difficulty.

No description available.

No description available.

Thesis (M.Ph.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Bibliography: leaves 226-244.

Orientador: Marcio Pochmann / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T20:39:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Moretto_AmiltonJose_D.pdf: 2167959 bytes, checksum: dc02a03b118a210cab229c8ead9562bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: Este estudo procura responder qual a importância da consolidação de um sistema público de emprego para o mercado de trabalho brasileiro. Busca-se, primeiramente, compreender o sentido do serviço público de emprego e das políticas de mercado de trabalho para as economias desenvolvidas, para então, analisar-se a experiência brasileira e a proposta de conformação de um sistema público de emprego. Defende-se que a consolidação do Sistema é passo importante para melhorar o desempenho das políticas de mercado de trabalho e, tomando-se como pressuposto a necessidade de uma política econômica que sustente níveis de crescimento adequados e sustentados, as ações do Sistema podem contribuir para a estruturação do mercado de trabalho. Isto é, ao lado de outras instituições e instrumentos de regulação pública, as ações do Sistema podem ajudar reduzir as desigualdades e criar condições para um mercado de trabalho mais civilizado / Abstract: This study aims to answer the following question: how important is the consolidation the public employment system for the Brazilian labor market. In first place, it tries to understand the meaning of the public employment service and labor market policies for the developed economies; then, analyses the Brazilian experience and the proposal to conform a public employment system. It argues that the consolidation of the System is a step to improve the labor market policies efficiency taking for granted the necessity of an economic policy in order to sustain an extended and sufficient increase of the GDP. In this sense, the initiatives of the System can contribute to structure the labor market. In others words, the System working together with other institutions and with instruments of public labor regulation, its policies can facilitate the decreasing of the inequalities and create conditions to a civilized labor market / Doutorado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Doutor em Desenvolvimento Economico

Orientador: Antonio Carlos Macedo e Silva / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T13:23:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carvalho_MarceloSoaresde_D.pdf: 2436002 bytes, checksum: 17f432ef0c2d7cbff7f9aa69e08a4cbf (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O objetivo central deste estudo é a avaliação crítica da proposta pós-keynesiana de erradicação do desemprego conhecida como o empregador de última instância (employer of last resort, ELR). De acordo com esta proposta, o Estado deveria agir como empregador residual, contratando todos aqueles dispostos a trabalhar em troca de um salário básico do setor público (basic public sector wage, BPSW); ao fazê-lo, seria colocado em operação um mecanismo de estoque regulador de emprego, gerando desemprego zero e maior estabilidade de preços e salários. As raízes teóricas desta proposta - ao menos em seu formato mais recente - podem ser encontradas nos conceitos econômicos de moeda guiada por impostos e finança funcional. Longe de ser consensual mesmo dentre os próprios pós-keynesianos, a proposta do ELR tem estimulado muita discussão no meio acadêmico a respeito de seus méritos e limites. A avaliação da proposta acima referida ganha particular interesse no tocante à sua efetiva aplicabilidade no contexto das economias subdesenvolvidas, o que constitui exatamente a parte conclusiva deste estudo. De modo a obter um melhor entendimento acerca das razões pelas quais há falta de consenso em relação ao ELR entre os pós-keynesianos, é apresentado, no primeiro capítulo, um breve panorama da abordagem de Keynes quanto ao mercado de trabalho; na seqüência, uma também sucinta apresentação das contribuições de Keynes, Kalecki e Lerner com respeito às políticas de pleno emprego - nas quais muitas das visões e dos motivos para o atual dissenso dos pós-keynesianos podem encontrar suas origens. Um terceiro capítulo procura retratar as propostas do ELR segundo as visões de Minsky e dos cartalistas, bem como o debate teórico a que deram origem. O capítulo final procura sintetizar os conteúdos (e polêmica) anteriores, de modo a condensar uma proposta viável de geração do pleno emprego, com destaque para as economias subdesenvolvidas / Abstract: The main purpose of the following study is to critically evaluate a Post Keynesian proposal for unemployment eradication known as the employer of last resort (ELR). According to that proposal, State should act as a residual employer and hire all willing to work for a basic public sector wage (BPSW); in doing so, an employment buffer stock mechanism would be put in place generating zero unemployment and greater price-wage stability. The theoretical roots to that proposal - at least within its most recent design - may be found in the economic concepts of tax-driven money and functional finance. Far from being consensual even amongst the Post Keynesians themselves, the ELR proposal has instigated much academic discussion about its merits and shortcomings. The above mentioned proposal evaluation becomes of particular interest when it comes to its actual applicability in the context of underdeveloped economies, which comes to constitute the concluding part of this study. In order to accomplish a better understanding of the reasons why a lack of consensus about the ELR is found within the Post Keynesian school of thought, a brief view of Keynes's approach to the labor market is presented in the first chapter; following, an also succinct presentation of the theoretical contributions of Keynes, Kalecki and Lerner about policies for full employment - where much of the current Post Keynesian views and dissent may find its origins. A third chapter attempts to present the ELR proposals according to the views of Minsky and the chartalists as well as the theoretical debate that resulted. The final chapter seeks to synthesize the contents (and polemics) above in order to build up a feasible proposal to generate full employment, especially in the underdeveloped economies / Doutorado / Teoria Economica / Doutor em Ciências Econômicas

This thesis presents an account of the roles played by social actors in the implementation of unemployment policy in the UK. Lipsky’s (1980) theory of street-level bureaucracy has been adopted, updated to the contemporary context of the managerial state (Clarke & Newman, 1997) and developed in the specific case of the Jobcentre. The analysis is based on data collected during an ethnographic investigation of one case study Jobcentre office in Central Scotland. The methods consisted of six months of direct observation, interviews with 48 members of Jobcentre staff, semi-structured interviews with 35 users and analysis of notified vacancies and guidance documents. The argument is that front-line workers re-create policy as they implement it. They do so in reaction to a series of influences, constraints and incentives. Users therefore receive a service that is a modified version of the official policy. Users do not necessarily accept the policy that they are subjected to. They do not identify with the new managerialist notion of customer service because as benefit recipients they are denied purchasing power, choice and power. Unemployment policy is not delivered uniformly or unilaterally because front-line staff are active in developing work habits that influence the outcomes of policy. Policy is accomplished by staff in practice by categorising users into client types. This is significant because staff represent the state to the citizen in their interaction. Users are also active in accomplishing policy, whether they conform with, contest, negotiate or co-produce policy. Understanding what unemployment policy actually is, and what it means to people, depends on understanding these social processes by which policy emerges in practice.