In this thesis we discuss some of the tools used in the study of the number of primes in short intervals. In particular, we discuss a large sieve density estimate due to Gallagher and two classical delay equations. We also show how these tools have been used by Maier and Stewart and provide computational data to their result.

In this thesis we discuss some of the tools used in the study of the number of primes in short intervals. In particular, we discuss a large sieve density estimate due to Gallagher and two classical delay equations. We also show how these tools have been used by Maier and Stewart and provide computational data to their result.

Lexical Gaps Abstract in English The general assumption among most language users is that every single concept in our world can be labeled by a proper lexical item, i.e. there is a name for all of the physical or abstract entities we live with and situations we experience. It has been suggested by several studies, and we will concentrate on these, that there are usually several conceptual structures in the studied languages which are in fact not lexicalized. This linguistic phenomenon is called a lexical gap, and there is more than one type of lexical gap observable in languages. Recent studies of the occurrence of a lexical gap show various approaches to the subject with various results. The study of lexical gaps can be approached from the point of view of lexical fields, as suggested by Alan Cruse and Adrienne Lehrer among others. In this approach different fields: taxonomies, hierarchies, clusters, grids, linear structures and matrixes help to organize the lexicon into conceptual structures where the missing structural part is then best observable and studied with relation to the other units in the field. Other approaches, Bentivogli and Pianta for example, favour contrastive lexicological studies where a lexical gap is identified as a missing translational equivalent in a target language to a lexical...

Mending the Gaps examines the failures and deficits that have occurred in education both historically and today. These gaps that already existed in learning, equality, opportunity, and technology have all been made worse after two years of a global pandemic. Focusing on students in the state of Texas, which has the 2nd largest economy in the United States, but currently ranks 34th in quality of education, now students face the reality of the COVID 19 health crisis in an already overburdened public education system. People in every area of the community, including local, state, and national policy makers, are questioning if it is time to rethink what is considered a quality education. This documentary project will take viewers from the classroom to the boardroom, as stakeholders from all levels of the educational spectrum have an earnest conversation and answer the hard question, can the current system close the gaps and salvage a generation of students?

This paper develops an idea of saving ordinary uses of vague predicates from the Sorites by means of domain restriction. A tolerance level for a pred- icate, along a dimension, is a difference with respect to which the predicate is semantically insensitive. A central gap for the predicate+dimension in a domain is a segment of an associated scale, larger than this difference, where no object in the domain has a measure, and such that the extension of the predicate has measures on one side of the gap and the anti-extension on the other. The domain restriction imposes a central gap. / <p>Author count: 1;</p> / Vagueness and Context Factors

Endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), is a constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, activates macrophages to release cytokines that can cause local or systemic inflammatory responses. Plasma leakage and polymorphonuclear leukocyte infiltration are characteristic features of inflammation. This study examined the effect of LPS to induce subcutaneous inflammatory lesions, including time course of changes in plasma extravasation and level of leukocyte influx into the tissue interstitium. To investigate LPS-induced plasma leakage in the skin, LPS (500 £gg/site) was administered by subcutaneous injection in the hindpaw skin. India ink (1 ml/kg) was used as tracer dye to measure the area density of ink-labeled leaky blood vessels. Our results showed that the postcapillary venules were leaking immediately at five minutes after LPS. The area density of India ink-labeled leaky vessels was 33.9 %¡Ó5.6 % (n=5) after the administration of LPS. The magnitude of plasma leakage was 2 times as the value of saline control (16.6 %¡Ó1.8 %, n=5). Plasma leakage peaked at 30 min (42.5 %¡Ó2.5 %, n=11) after LPS. Staining of the microvasculature by silver nitrate showed endothelial gap formation in venules and indicated the positive relevance to plasma leakage. Leukocytes (neutrophils and eosinophils) in hindpaw skin whole mounts were stained by a histochemical reaction for myeloperoxidase and the numbers of leukocytes quantified. LPS caused a severe response in leukocyte adhesion and accumulation. The number of leukocytes after LPS was 5 times as the number after saline. It is concluded that local injection of LPS in the skin caused formation of endothelial gaps and leukocyte infiltration that resulted in an increase in local vascular permeability.

Nearly all studies of gender differences in wages and advancement find that the primary difference between the economic standing of women and men lies in their distribution across occupations and industries. In my dissertation I use micro-econometric techniques to examine different aspects of the evolution and impact of gender-specific occupational structures. The first essay evaluates the capacity of a hierarchical model of discrimination and segregation to explain the gender wage gap within firms for a regional grocery store chain that lost a title VII class action lawsuit for not promoting women into the higher managerial positions. In the process the analysis raises questions about the appropriateness of standard wage model specifications for making inferences about wage determination in a setting where wages for each job are set equal for men and women by precise union rules. The second essay expands the theory of hierarchical segregation to examine changes in the wage and occupational structure over time with panel data. This allows one to analyze the effects of hierarchical segregation over time and observe whether the filing of the lawsuit alone is sufficient to change discriminatory behavior by the firm. The final essay examines how major economic crises, including two World Wars and a Great Depression, led to changes in gender segregation in industrial and clerical jobs.

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2006. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 89 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

Master of Science / Department of Agronomy / Romulo P. Lollato / Winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) water limited yield potential in Kansas averages 5.2 Mg ha⁻¹; however, state-level yields rarely surpassed 3.4 Mg ha⁻¹. Our objective was to quantify the contribution of individual management practices to reduce wheat yield gaps (YG) economically. An incomplete factorial treatment structure established in a randomized complete block design with six replications was used to evaluate 14 treatments during two years in Manhattan, Belleville, and Hutchinson Kansas. Sites were combined based on tillage practice, growing region in Kansas, and disease pressure. Thus, Manhattan had low disease pressure, was no-tilled, and in eastern Kansas for 2015-16 and 2016-17 (two site years). Meanwhile, Belleville and Hutchinson had high disease pressure, were conventionally tilled, and in central Kansas for 2015-16 and 2016-17 (four site years). We individually added six treatments to a farmer’s practice control (FP) or removed from a water-limited yield control (Y[subscript]w), which received all treatments. Practices were additional split-nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), chloride (Cl), increased plant population, foliar fungicide, and plant growth regulator (PGR). Percent YG was calculated by block and site-year using the Y[subscript]w as reference for potential yield. Orthogonal contrasts indicated yield under no-till which had low disease pressure increased from the FP by the full Y[subscript]w (+0.37 Mg ha⁻¹), but also by the individual practices split-N (+0.28 Mg ha⁻¹), S (+0.26 Mg ha⁻¹), increased plant population (+0.36 Mg ha⁻¹), and fungicide (+0.18 Mg ha⁻¹). In the conventional till which had high disease pressure, wheat yield was increased by 1.18 Mg ha⁻¹ from the Y[subscript]w and by 1.44 Mg ha⁻¹ from the fungicide. The Y[subscript]w and split-N increased grain protein concentration in no-till and conventional-till on average by 9 g kg-1 and 12 g kg-1, respectively. Across all inputs, orthogonal contrasts indicated that the FP yield gap was 8% in no-till which had low disease pressure. Likewise, the orthogonal contrasts indicated that across individual treatments the YG was reduced by split-N (6%), S (5%), Cl (3%), increased plant population (8%), and fungicide (4%). Meanwhile, orthogonal contrasts indicated that the FP yield gap was 20% across all inputs and across individual inputs reduced to 5% from fungicide under conventional-till which had high disease pressure. Fungicide increased net return (+$106.57 ha⁻¹) under conventional-till which had high disease pressure, and increased plant population under no-till which had low disease pressure (+$36.65 ha⁻¹). While a high-cost input (i.e. fungicide) only economically reduced YG greater than 20%; however, a low-cost input (i.e. increased plant population) economically reduced YG less than 20%.

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