Social hållbarhet kan uppfattas svårdefinierat och dessutom har begreppet förändrats med tiden då det är sammankopplat med existerande normer och värderingar. Socialt hållbar stadsutveckling är idag en viktig fråga som dock innefattar vissa utmaningar. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur social hållbarhet ges hänsyn i plan- och genomförandeprocessen i stadsutvecklingsprojekt, dels i planeringsskedet i detaljplan, planbeskrivning och kvalitetsprogram samt dels i resultatet, i form av markanvisningsavtal och bygglovshandlingar. Studiens avsikt är också att bidra med kunskap om hur sociala frågor kan integreras i plan- och genomförandeprocessen. I denna studie har kvalitativa metoder använts för att uppnå studiens syfte och besvara dess frågeställningar, vilka innefattar en litteraturstudie och en fallstudie bestående av en dokumentstudie och intervjuer. Fallstudien har utförts i syfte att studera hur fyra stadsutvecklingsprojekt i olika kommuner har arbetat för att tillgodose social hållbarhet. Dessa stadsutvecklingsprojekt är Rosendal i Uppsala kommun, Vallastaden i Linköpings kommun, Södra Ladugårdsängen i Örebro kommun och Norra 2 i Norra Djurgårdsstaden i Stockholms stad. Dokumentstudien har genomförts med hjälp av en skapad checklista som innehåller fem sociala fokusområden: funktioner, platser, tillgänglighet, blandat boende och bebyggelse samt trygghet, vilka har formulerats utifrån litteraturstudien. Vidare har fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med tjänstemän på de fyra kommunerna i vilka stadsutvecklingsprojekten är lokaliserade. Litteraturstudien visar bland annat att definitionen av social hållbarhet varierar samt hur social hållbarhet kan beskrivas i samband med stadsplanering och i urbana miljöer. Fallstudien och i synnerhet dokumentstudien visar att stadsutvecklingsprojekten generellt sett har lyckats bättre med att ge hänsyn till sociala aspekter inom fokusområdena funktioner, platser och tillgänglighet, främst i planeringsskedet men också till viss del i resultatet. Gällande blandat boende och bebyggelse samt trygghet visar dokumentstudien att det överlag är svårare att tillgodose dessa fokusområden då hänsynstagandet varierar mellan stadsutvecklingsprojekten, både i planeringsskedet och resultatet. I fokusområdena platser, tillgänglighet och trygghet finns vissa svårigheter i att följa upp hur social hållbarhet har bibehållits i resultatet. Vidare visar dokumentstudien att det generellt sett finns större möjligheter i att tillgodose social hållbarhet i planeringsskedet än i resultatet i majoriteten av fokusområdena, då innehållet i markanvisningsavtalen och byggloven är begränsat. Avslutningsvis visar studien att social hållbarhet kan ges hänsyn i plan- och genomförandeprocessen på flera olika sätt. Hänsyn till social hållbarhet i planeringsskedet kan ges genom många olika sociala aspekter, även om vissa aspekter är svårare eller lättare att tillgodose än andra. Det är dock något svårare att bibehålla de sociala aspekterna från planeringsskedet till resultatet. / Social sustainability can be perceived as difficult to define and, in addition, the concept has changed over time as it is linked to existing norms and values. Socially sustainable urban development is an important issue today, which, however, includes some challenges. The aim of this study is to investigate how social sustainability is considered in the ‘planning and implementation process’ in urban development projects, partly in the planning phase in the detailed development plan, plan description and quality program, and partly in the results, in the terms of land allocation agreements and building permits. The intention of the study is also to contribute with knowledge about how social issues can be integrated into the ‘planning and implementation process’. In this study, qualitative methods have been used to achieve the aim of the study and to answer its research questions, which include a literature study and a case study, consisting of a document study and interviews. The case study has been conducted to investigate how four urban development projects, in different municipalities, have worked in order to achieve social sustainability. These urban development projects are Rosendal in Uppsala municipality, Vallastaden in Linköping municipality, Södra Ladugårdsängen in Örebro municipality and Norra 2 in Stockholm Royal Seaport in Stockholm municipality. The document study has been carried out using a created checklist that contains five social focus areas: functions, places, accessibility, mixed housing and settlement as well as safety, which have been formulated based on the literature study. Furthermore, four semi-structured interviews have been conducted with employees at the four municipalities in which the urban development projects are located. The literature study shows for instance that the definition of social sustainability varies and how social sustainability can be described in the context of urban planning and in urban environments. The case study, in particular the document study, shows that the urban development projects generally have succeeded better with achieving social aspects in the focus areas of functions, places and accessibility, especially in the planning phase but also to some extent in the result. Regarding mixed housing and settlement, as well as safety, the document study shows that it in general is more difficult to consider these focus areas, since the consideration varies between the urban development projects, both in the planning phase and the result. In the focus areas of places, accessibility and safety, there are some difficulties in the follow-up on how the consideration of social sustainability has been maintained in the result. Furthermore, the document study shows that there are generally more opportunities in considering social sustainability in the planning phase than in the result in most of the focus areas, since the content of the land allocation agreements and the building permits is limited.

The study comprises four case studies, in the form of detailed plans from the three municipalities in Västra Götaland. The detailed individual has principal responsibility in a public place, and each case study includes a survey and analysis of the implementation process of a public place. Documents that have been reviewed are flat map, planning and implementation description, contract (development agreements / land use agreements) and ordinances. Finally a visit was performed in each planning area, by a visual inspection. Preliminary work, SOU 's, lagkommentarer, Propositions and previous studies focusing on individual principal on public places, has been read to get a knowledge base for the study. Older laws have been studied, such as the elderly Planning and Building Act 1987, in order to know the legislation of the detailed plans that are subject of the study. The study has its origins from two theses from the year 2012, which covered a similar subject. The difference in this study is that the agreements been added as an additional document, to create an overall picture of the implementation process of a public place with a single principal responsibility. Qualitative method with a hermeneutic approach has been used, where text interpretation has been the central approach, to understand the municipality's underlying intentions for public places. Analyses of the text documents have been conducted to investigate whether they contain the same issues. The aim was to see how the implementation process is complex, and how clearly municipality ensures its intentions for the general location of the plane map into reality. In completed case studies we have seen that municipalities use the agreement to partially regulate the design of public space, and only partial use of the possibility to enter the planning regulations on the design of plan map. We have also seen that the intentions in the general location plan map, doesn´t always agree with the planning and implementation descriptions. Despite this, the site visits revealed that the facilities for the public space is implemented in accordance with the plan map. The experience we had with us is that site visits are an important part in contact with the plans. Site visits gave us a better understanding of the municipality's intentions when text documents interpreted, and assess accessibility in public places. It's something we think should be used more, even when new detailed plans drawn up. The implementation process from plan to reality is a complex process. The process includes several different parts, where communication between officials is important to intentions of zoning should not to change or fall away. The municipality should therefore monitor each document established in the implementation process, to ensure the intentions and reduce the chance that reality will not be that the municipality has planned.