published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Landscape Architecture

This thesis presents an ethnographic examination of a discrete convergence between geology and society. It is communicated through the geoparks model that has shaped a policy of sustainable territorial development, as grown out of a motivation seeking to promote wider awareness and engagement with issues of geological heritage, conservation and sustainable development. The research is devised by way of an adaptive set of methods, bringing data from the field as experienced in rocky outcrops across case study geopark sites, at the formal dissemination of the approach in geopark network conferences, and by informal internet access to a dispersed online community of geoparkians. In so doing I seek to open a window looking out on one perspective of anthropology in the Anthropocene. The research follows the flow of geoparks policy as guided and shaped by a defining charter and statutes, which after nearly two decades of lobbying and promotion have now become an official programme with the United Nations Education Science and Culture Organisation (UNESCO). By utilising an anthropological examination of geoparks policy, rather than blandly accepting an essentialised view that aspires to be passed from site to site around the globe as the programme expands, this thesis provides a critical assessment of previously taken for granted terms and mobilizing metaphors. It explores the underpinning philosophy of geology that has impacted upon the forms and direction in which the geoparks are being developed. It evaluates the function and application of a form of audit culture that seeks to ensure accountability and progression as the model is expanded into new territories, and considers how a more singular pure vision of geoparks is being balanced with multiple and often complex enactments, as seen notably through the analysis of how three case study sites; English Riviera Geopark (UK), Katla Geopark (Iceland), and Marble Arch Caves Geopark (UK and Ireland) are practiced on the ground.

The concept of geopark was first proposed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1999. After that, geotourism emerged as a novel strategy for sustainable development in rural areas. Tourism carrying capacity is a concept related to the optimum use of natural areas without creating environmental degradation. This concept has been widely employed in nature tourism in national parks. To apply the carrying capacity concept in global geoparks, the purpose of this study is to remodel existing tourism carrying capacity frameworks to foster sustainable use of global geoparks. A review of the development of carrying capacity concept and six tourism carrying capacity frameworks, namely, Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS), Limits of Acceptable Change (LAC), Visitor Impact Management (VIM), Visitor Experience and Resource Protection (VERP), Visitor Activity Management Process (VAMP), and Tourism Optimization Management Model (TOMM) in Chapter 2 demonstrates that tourism carrying capacity concept is able to raise the awareness on sustainable tourism in national parks but these traditional tourism carrying capacity frameworks commonly failed to address the interests of all stakeholders. Thus, this thesis adopts the definition of tourism carrying capacity for geoparks as the situation or condition of a geopark where there is reconciliation (i.e., having balance and harmony) of environmental conservation, social maintenance, and economic development. Based on the three aspects (i.e., environmental conservation, social maintenance, and economic development) of this concept, a tailor-made framework for global geoparks was built in Chapter 3, using confirmatory factor analysis and the revised importance-performance analysis to evaluate tourism carrying capacity in Global Geoparks. Then the modified tourism carrying capacity framework was applied in two UNESCO Global Geoparks, namely, Hong Kong Global Geopark and Danxiashan Global Geopark, to address the inherent tensions between resources conservation and sustainable development in both Geoparks in Chapters 4 and 5. It was found that 1) there was compatibility only among the three dimensions, namely, environmental conservation, social maintenance, and economic development in two Geoparks; 2) the structure of the framework and the compatibility of the three dimensions can only be confirmed in the local community model (Figure 3.3) by the importance data of factors, i.e., resource, human environment, and facility. No validity can be established in the construct of the GGN model on the local community's satisfaction of the overall environments in two Parks and neither is there an agreement between the visitors in both Parks with the GGN criteria; and 3) from the satisfaction data on the three factors of the visitor model (Figure 3.4), i.e., environmental carrying capacity, political-economic carrying capacity, and socio-demographic carrying capacity, it shows that HKGP appears to be more sustainably managed than DXSGP. Collectively, this study has provided a new framework for evaluating tourism carrying capacity in a geopark. I hope to advance the methodological innovation of sustainable geotourism management and supplement the lacuna of criteria and standards for Global Geoparks in future studies.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T18:15:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiane Ferrari do Vale.pdf: 5883642 bytes, checksum: c0523633b1b2c9b55472d5152adbcb24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-10 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This dissertation deals with the management of the territory, the regional sustainable economy, information and educational environment, and geoconservation, whereas a greater understanding of these issues may assist in the application process of aspiring geoparks. It aims to contribute to the preparation of the candidature file of the project Fernando de Noronha Geopark to UNESCO, analyzing the actions performed in the Geopark Azores (Portugal) in order to propose good practices. The theoretical basis includes topics such as geodiversity, geological heritage, geosites,geoconservation, Geotourism and sustainable tourism. The methodology of this study was conducted by a bibliographic and documentary study, with field research in Fernando de Noronha (PE) and the Azores (Portugal). Considerations are made concerning the management of the territory in geoparks and benefits and problems identified in the Geopark are presented. Finally, some actions are proposed in a plan of actions. It is concluded that Fernando de Noronha has the potential to integrate the Global Network of Geoparks, since it develops some guidelines and criteria of UNESCO. However, some actions should be carried out before the submission of the candidature file to the organization. Such actions include the creation of a management structure, development of educational programs focusing on the geology of the archipelago, a strategy of geoconservation and incentive to the development of new products based on local features. / Esta dissertação trata da gestão do território, da economia regional sustentável, da informação e ambiente educacional e da geoconservação, visto que um maior entendimento destas questões pode auxiliar no processo de candidatura de geoparks aspirantes. Tem como objetivo contribuir com a proposta de elaboração do Dossiê de Candidatura do Projeto Geopark Fernando de Noronha à UNESCO, analisando as ações realizadas no Geopark Açores (Portugal) a fim de propor boas práticas. O embasamento teórico engloba temas como geodiversidade, patrimônio geológico, geossítios, geoconservação, geoturismo e turismo sustentável. A metodologia deste trabalho foi realizada mediante um estudo bibliográfico e documental, com pesquisa de campo em Fernando de Noronha (PE) e nos Açores (Portugal). São feitas considerações a respeito da gestão do território em geoparks e apresentados os benefícios e problemas identificados no Geopark Açores. Por fim, algumas ações são propostas em um Plano de Ações. Conclui-se que Fernando de Noronha tem potencial para integrar a Rede Global de Geoparks, pois já desenvolve algumas diretrizes e critérios da UNESCO, no entanto, algumas ações devem ser realizadas antes da submissão do dossiê de candidatura à organização. Tais ações incluem a criação de uma estrutura de gestão, desenvolvimento de programas educativos com enfoque na geologia do arquipélago, uma estratégia de geoconservação e fomento a novos produtos baseados nas características locais.

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Orientador: José Arnaldo Frutuoso Roveda / Resumo: No Brasil e no mundo é latente a necessidade de fazer a proteção, a ampliação e a promoção do patrimônio geológico, com a finalidade de garantir as próximas gerações acesso a este tipo de patrimônio natural, de modo econômica e ecologicamente sustentável. Diante disso, a Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, a Ciência e a Cultura - UNESCO criou a GGN - Global Geoparks Network, ou em sua tradução Rede Global de Geoparques - RGG. A Rede Global de Geoparques tem por função fazer a inclusão de novos parques membros, bem como, fazer a manutenção dos parques membros já existentes. Para que um parque seja postulante a membro do RGG, este deve atender uma série de requisitos, dentre as quais a Geoeducação, além disso, os parques membros de tempos em tempos devem passar por validação destes requisitos. Os parques candidatos possuem a dificuldade de elencar quais são as ações prioritárias num esforço de se tornarem membros da RGG. Como estes parques podem se tornar membros da RGG com o menor esforço. O presente trabalho se tem como objetivo apresenta uma proposta de criação um Sistema de Inferência Fuzzy (SIF) para tomada de decisões em Geoeducação, por parte dos gestores de áreas passíveis de se tornarem membros da RGG. A metodologia utilizada foi a teoria de conjuntos Fuzzy, através da criação de um sistema de inferência para geração de índices de adequação em Geoeducação das áreas candidatas. Foram criados 155 cenários para testar e validar o comportamento do sistema, o mes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Mestre

Legal regulation of World Cultural and Natural Heritage Diploma Thesis deals with legal regulation of World Cultural and Natural Heritage and examines legal protection of sites inscribed on the World Heritage List. The thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter one is introductory and defines basic terminology used in the thesis and concisely documents the historic development of the idea of preservation of Cultural and Natural Heritage. Chapter two is subdivided in two parts. Part One presents international organisations dealing with World Heritage. Part Two analyses in particular Convention concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage adopted by UNESCO in 1972 as well as other relevant international treaties. Chapter Three explores purposes of selected international programmes concerning protection of cultural and natural property that are organized by UNESCO. Chapter Four deals with the process of the inscription of properties on the World Heritage List with respect to the Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention. The last chapter provides an outline of relevant Czech laws on conservation of cultural and natural heritage mentions some of the imperfections which are subject to critique in professional circles. The aim of my thesis is...

Diploma work, the proposal of establishment of an outdoor geological expositions near the village Kozolupy deals with characteristics of the place where the exhibition has to be established, natural conditions, geological history of the place and other tourist destinations of the area. Further work characterizes geoparks and issues associated with them and indicates the difference between geoparks and geological exposition, there is also provided a particular example. In next part of the work there are rocks selected for the exhibition, their description and geological characteristics of the area where it came from. This theoretical part follows the practical one. Here is described everything needful concerning the location of geological exposition in the attachment there are exhibition plans and photographs of the park, where exposition is to be located. There are also particular proposals of information boards. Last but not least, work is drawing up the budget. Diploma work concludes proposal of excursions to interesting locations with the visit of the exposition. This Master thesis was created as a part project GA JU 065/2010/S.

Dalarnas län har berikats med Geopark Siljan som är Sveriges första internationella geopark. Med sin spännande historia väcker geoparken ett ökatintresse för naturvärde och geologi hos de som besöker geoparken. Flertalet av besöksmålen i området har en gemensam historia och ett geologiskt värde som skapats efter det meteoritnedslag som inträffade på platsen för nästan 377 miljoner år sedan. Området är ett attraktivt besöksmål som dels skapar ett intresse för geologi, dels medför en vilja till fortsatt bevarande av alla de unika miljöer som återfinns i Geopark Siljan. I området kan en fortsatt utveckling inom geoturism och en stigande besökstrend medföra förutsättningar till ökad ekonomisk vinning för det lokala näringslivet, men även för de regionalt aktiva aktörerna inom turistnäringen. En stigande besökstrend kan också främja samarbeten över landsgränser som utformar förutsättningar för vidare arbete och utveckling. En ökad besöksnäring är oftast önskvärd, men då inte på en bekostnad av naturensresurser, t.ex. i form av markslitage och erosion orsakat av besökande turister. Framtida klimatscenarion spår stigande temperaturer och ökadnederbörd, vilka ytterligare kan förändra förutsättningarna i området runt Geopark Siljan. Syftet med detta examensarbete är att ta reda på om naturområden i GeoparkSiljan påverkas av ett eventuellt ökat antal turistbesök samt om det tillsammans med prognosticerad klimatförändring kan ge ökat slitage och skador på geoparkens naturområden. Målet med studien är att identifiera vilka faktorer som kan orsaka naturpåverkan vid Geopark Siljan, med fokus på klimatförändring och besöksnäring. Detta examensarbete kan därför leda till nya synsätt för läsaren och användas för framtida skyddsförebyggande arbete inom geoturism samt ge vägledning för anpassning vid ökat antal besökare vid ett flertal besöksmål samt påverkan vid klimatförändringar. / Dalarna County has been enriched with Sweden's first international geopark,which with its exciting history arouses an increased interest in natural valueand geology among those who visit places around Geopark Siljan. Most of the tourist attractions in the area have a common history and a geological value due to the meteorite impact that occurred on the site almost 377 million years ago. The area is an attractive destination that both creates further interest and a desire to continue preserving all the unique environments found in the geopark Siljan. In the area, a continued development in geotourism and a rising visitor trend can lead to conditions for increased economic results for the local business community as well as for the regionally active players in the tourism industry. The rising visitor trend can also promote cross-border collaborations that shape the conditions for further work and development. An increased hospitality industry is usually desirable,but then not at the expense of nature's resources such as the creation of soilwear and erosion created by visiting geotourists. The future rising temperature and increased precipitation may change the conditions in the area around Geopark Siljan. And the purpose of this work is to find out if nature areas as destinations around Geopark Siljan are affected by a possible increased number of tourist visits and if it together with forecasted climate change can give increased wear and damage to the geopark's natural areas. The aim of the study is to identify the factors that cause the natural impact at the Geopark Siljan, where both climate change and the hospitality industry are in focus. This degree project may therefore lead to new approaches and be applied for future protection prevention work as well as guidance for adaptation to tourist-dense visitor destinations in the event of an increased number of visitors and climate change. Changes such as climate and increased hospitality industry concern nature and social impact, which are important aspects for good community planning to work.