No description available.

Bakgrund: Främjande av fysisk aktivitet är ett av de elva folkhälsopolitiska målen i Sverige. Ishockey är en av Sveriges största idrotter med över 90 000 utövare. Även om ishockey kan ses som en god fostringsarena för barn och unga har det under det senaste decenniet förekommit kritik mot jargongen i denna idrott som kan anses homofobisk, kvinnoförnedrande och våldsuppmuntrande. Mäns våld mot kvinnor kostar samhället stora summor utöver det fysiskt och psykiskt lidande som de utsatta utstår. Det har visats sig finnas kopplingar mellan idrottsutövande, alkohol och våld. Forskning indikerar att den hegemoniska maskulinitet som spelare förväntas leva upp till från tränare, publik och medspelare har en betydande faktor till det våldsbenägna beteendet även utanför arenan   Syfte: Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka kroppskultur, jargong och social struktur bland manliga ishockeyspelare, samt hur detta upplevs påverka deras syn på sexualitet, aggressivitet och handlingar utanför arenan.   Metod: Sex manliga aktiva spelare från olika divisioner i svensk hockey intervjuades. Resultatet analyserades med kvalitativ innehållsanalys.   Resultat: Spelarna såg idrotten som en viktig del av livet där de kunde vara sig själva och bilda starka vänskapsband. Jargongen kunde utöver de positiva sidorna bidra till skapandet av en destruktiv syn på våld, kvinnor och homosexuella jämfört med vad som kan anses normalt i dagens samhälle. Objektifiering, våld och nedvärdering normaliserades inom idrotten.   Slutsatser och implikationer: Mäns våld mot kvinnor kostar samhället stora summor pengar och personligt lidande. Den sociala strukturen inom ishockey är djupt rotade och svårföränderlig. Jargonen och det våldsamma beteendet som kan ses inom sporten kan sprida sig till andra situationer i livet. Utifrån ett folkhälsovetenskapligt synsätt har det visat sig behövas insatser för att belysa och förändra jargongen. / Background: Promotion of physical activity is one of the eleven public health policy objectives in Sweden. Ice Hockey is one of Sweden’s biggest sports with over 90 000 practitioners. In the recent decade, the sport has been seen with a more critical approach. Although sports are a good place for joy and social education for children and adolescents, there is criticism of the jargon in the sport. It can be homophobic, degrading to women and a violence enhancer. Men’s violence against women costs society large sums in addition to the physical and mental suffering they face. Connections between sports, alcohol and violence has been seen in studies. Research indicates that the hegemonic masculinity that players are expected to live up to from coaches, audiences and team players has a significant factor in violent behavior outside the arena.   Aim: Investigate body culture, jargon and social structure among male ice hockey players, as well as how this is perceived to affect their views on sexuality, aggressiveness and actions outside the arena.   Method: Six male players from different divisions in Swedish hockey were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis was used as method.   Result: The players saw their sports as an important part of their life where they could be themselves and form friendships for life. The jargon contributed beyond the positive sides to create a twisted view of violence, women and homosexuals as contrast to the usual view in today’s society. Objectification, violence and impingement are somewhat normalized in the sport.   Conclusions and implications: Men’s violence against women cost society a lot of money and personal suffering. The social structure in hockey is deeply rooted and difficult to change. The social structure of ice hockey is deeply rooted and difficult to change. The jargon and the violent behavior that can be seen in sport can spread to other situations in life. Based on a public health science approach, efforts are needed to highlight and change the jargon.

Bakgrund: Folkhälsan i Sverige är god, men övervikten ökar och många upplever stress. Viktminskningsprogram har bra effekt för bestående viktminskning, men flera hoppar av programmen p.g.a. exempelvis depression. Yoga kan användas som intervention mot stress och kan enligt forskningen leda till ökat välmående och minskad stress. På ett svenskt hälsocenter deltar medlemmarna i cirkelträning, vissa går viktningsprogram och samtliga erbjuds kurser i yoga. Syfte: Att beskriva hur medlemmar på ett hälsocenter upplevde yogapraktik. Metod: Kvalitativ metod i form av semi-strukturerade intervjuer som genomfördes med tio deltagare. Resultat: Deltagarna uttryckte inga tydliga förväntningar innan yogakursen, men beskrev att de upplevt att yogapraktiken gav ökad smidighet, rörlighet och förbättrad balans. Yogapraktiken gav också lugn, förbättrad andning och bättre sömn. Ingen deltagare upplevde att yogan hade påverkat annan fysisk aktivitet såsom cirkelträningen. Beskrivningar framkom av att självbilden påverkades genom högre acceptans till sig själva och starkare tilltro till sin kropp. Yogan upplevdes som en skonsam och hållbar träningsform. Slutsats: Yogapraktiken påverkade deltagarna fysiskt genom ansträngande övningar som förbättrade smidighet och balans, mentalt genom avslappning och lugn, samt socialt då det var en gruppaktivitet där deltagarna kände sig sedda av läraren. Då hälsa är holistiskt kan yogapraktiken utmana vår syn på träning och vad vi behöver för vår hälsa.

<p>2018-06-07</p>

Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med studien var att undersöka om individer som genomgått en viktminskning fått stöd i nära relationer som bidragit till att de lyckats bibehålla vikten, och hur stödet i så fall sett ut. Det undersöktes utifrån följande frågeställningar: (1) Har individen haft stöd i nära relationer som varit av betydelse för bibehållandet? (2) Vilken typ av socialt stöd upplever individen att hen haft under bibehållandet? Metod Studien genomfördes med semistrukturerade intervjuer. Deltagarna i studien var tre medlemmar på Itrim. Samtliga deltagare hade genomgått en viktminskning med minst tio procent och bibehållit den lägre vikten i mer än ett år. Intervjuerna spelades in för att sedan skrivas ut i text och analyseras. Under analysprocessen plockades meningsbärande enheter ut som svarade på studiens frågeställningar och som vidare taggades och kategoriserades. Författarna hade en teorineutral ingång för att behålla öppenhet gentemot det deltagarna berättade för att inte undgå intressant information som forskningen tidigare eventuellt missat. Resultat Resultatet tyder på att socialt stöd från vänner och familj varit av betydelse för deltagarnas bibehållande av vikten. Liknande eller anpassad livsstil, inspiration och bekräftelse, personlig assistans och emotionellt stöd var de komponenter som visade sig varit av betydelse. Även stödet deltagarna fått från Itrim visade sig fylla en viktig funktion. Stödet innehöll beståndsdelar som enligt självbestämmandeteorin (SDT) ingår i människans fundamentala behov för bibehållen och ökad motivation (tillhörighet, autonomi och kompetens). Relationerna mellan deltagarna och personal på Itrim beskrevs som vänskapsrelationer och skulle kunna likställas med det som författarna definierar som nära relationer. Slutsats Individerna hade en socialt stödjande miljö som gav goda förutsättningar att applicera de strategier individerna hade för sitt bibehållande. Vilket behov av stöd respondenterna hade och vad de ansåg var stödjande var individuellt. Troligtvis är det fördelaktigt att både miljön i hemmet och på andra arenor är stödjande, i kombination med att det sociala stödet tillgodoser källor som bidrar till känsla av tillhörighet, autonomi och kompetens.

<p>Betygsdatum i Ladok: 2018-06-05.</p>

Introduction and Aim: Associations between climate change and health have consistently been shown in scientific literature. Despite this, knowledge regarding health adaption policies and inclusion of health implications in climate change policies remain scarce. This thesis aimed to fill the knowledge gap by exploring the extent to which health implications were included in climate change policies of Tonga, Niue and the Cook Islands. Methods: The data used in this thesis consisted of National Climate Change Adaption plans for each country. The plans were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Findings: Three themes were found. The first theme discovered was the exclusion of health sector from development of climate change policies. The second theme showed that health was not a top priority, instead sectors contributing more to the economy were addressed with higher concern. Lastly, it was found that health issues are still poorly included in climate change policies, and health implications were not always recognized by policymakers. The study found that the overall recognition of health impacts was quite low, although there were noteworthy differences between plans. Conclusion: The overall recognition of health implications in the plans was low. However, one plan which included health representatives in the early planning stages had a considerably higher recognition of possible health impacts. This suggests that collaboration between all government sectors in climate change policies is important to ensure important aspects are not being missed. Further research is needed regarding climate change adaption and its links to health, to support policymakers in decision-making.

Abstract Background: Unaccompanied refugee minors are a diverse and critically significant group. This group is often vulnerable with mental and physical health needs, which can take a long time to be met in the host country. There are numerous obstacles to providing health care to this group, originating with not only the refugees’ country of origin but also long dangerous journeys and lack of cultural insensitive service provision. Aim: To explore the experiences and perceptions of unaccompanied young adults in the asylum-seeking process in relation to their health. Method: Five unaccompanied young adults were interviewed, and thematic analysis was used to explore relevant issues. Results: In relation to asylum process and minors’ health and wellbeing, four major themes emerged: Descriptions of terrible journeys, mental health associated with asylum seeking, experience of stress and trauma, coping strategies. Discussion: Their views reflected a wide range of opinions on the asylum process, their wellbeing and how they dealt with it, but many held negative perceptions toward asylum-seeking process and had great uncertainty whether their applications would be rejected or accepted which significantly affected their wellbeing. This could be explained by their descriptions of their experiences within various countries they passed through, their experiences of being a refugee/asylum-seeker or cultural differences. Conclusion: It is arguably it is important to engage this group in the development of policy and practice in child mental health, and in developing services for them. / Abstract Background: Unaccompanied refugee minors are a diverse and critically significant group. This group is often vulnerable with mental and physical health needs, which can take a long time to be met in the host country. There are numerous obstacles to providing health care to this group, originating with not only the refugees’ country of origin but also long dangerous journeys and lack of cultural insensitive service provision. Aim: To explore the experiences and perceptions of unaccompanied young adults in the asylum-seeking process in relation to their health. Method: Five unaccompanied young adults were interviewed, and thematic analysis was used to explore relevant issues. Results: In relation to asylum process and minors’ health and wellbeing, four major themes emerged: Descriptions of terrible journeys, mental health associated with asylum seeking, experience of stress and trauma, coping strategies. Discussion: Their views reflected a wide range of opinions on the asylum process, their wellbeing and how they dealt with it, but many held negative perceptions toward asylum-seeking process and had great uncertainty whether their applications would be rejected or accepted which significantly affected their wellbeing. This could be explained by their descriptions of their experiences within various countries they passed through, their experiences of being a refugee/asylum-seeker or cultural differences. Conclusion: It is arguably it is important to engage this group in the development of policy and practice in child mental health, and in developing services for them. / Abstract Background: Unaccompanied refugee minors are a diverse and critically significant group. This group is often vulnerable with mental and physical health needs, which can take a long time to be met in the host country. There are numerous obstacles to providing health care to this group, originating with not only the refugees’ country of origin but also long dangerous journeys and lack of cultural insensitive service provision. Aim: To explore the experiences and perceptions of unaccompanied young adults in the asylum-seeking process in relation to their health. Method: Five unaccompanied young adults were interviewed, and thematic analysis was used to explore relevant issues. Results: In relation to asylum process and minors’ health and wellbeing, four major themes emerged: Descriptions of terrible journeys, mental health associated with asylum seeking, experience of stress and trauma, coping strategies. Discussion: Their views reflected a wide range of opinions on the asylum process, their wellbeing and how they dealt with it, but many held negative perceptions toward asylum-seeking process and had great uncertainty whether their applications would be rejected or accepted which significantly affected their wellbeing. This could be explained by their descriptions of their experiences within various countries they passed through, their experiences of being a refugee/asylum-seeker or cultural differences. Conclusion: It is arguably it is important to engage this group in the development of policy and practice in child mental health, and in developing services for them.

No description available.

<p>2017-05-31</p>