This study is about how lending activities with leisure equipment can have a positive impact on the individual. The problem area during the course of the study is that too many are exclusion in a multicultural country, more people feel inclusion in society as well as exclusion should not occur. The purpose of the study is to illustrate which view business managers and the central actors has within how a venture on lending activities can contribute to more involvement in society. The method that this study leans on was conducted by a qualitative interview study consisting of five interviews. Those interviews were conducted with five different stakeholders who have a relationship with the lending activities being studied. The theoretical reference framework contains health promotion, health determinants, and acculturation in which the pedagogical part deals with integration with other individuals and different learning environments. The result resulted in three categories; Participation and community, physical activity as well as opportunities and challenges that proved to have a positive impact on individuals and that there are different health benefits on the way. The conclusion of the results showed that the primary objective of lending activities is not about physical activity, but instead of the side effects that physical activity can contribute to.

Background: The importance of the social environment and human life conditions for public health was early recognized in community medicine. Despite major reductions in recent decades, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity for both genders in all European countries.  Aim: The overall aim of this thesis was to increase our knowledge of factors in the social environment and of individual psychosocial factors that could explain why some women in working ages are affected by cardiovascular diseases. Methods: The Swedish sample comes from the urban population in two major cities in a region in the south-east of Sweden, the Twin cities. According to their social history they could be labelled a “blue-collar” and a “white-collar” city. Cardiovascular morbidity data in all papers for the Twin cities was derived from a computerized population-based administrative Health Care Register (HCR). In Paper IV, we made a comparative study between Sweden and Scotland, the Scottish data comes from the Scottish Health Survey. Results: In Paper I, the cumulative incidence of different cardiovascular diagnoses for younger and also elderly men and women were significantly higher in the population of the blue collar city in all ages and for both sexes. The qualitative interviews of women after an MI, in Paper II, the findings revealed a broad picture of social factors, life circumstances, personalities and, not least, psychosocial factors that are important to middle-aged women who have suffered an MI. Paper III demonstrated that women with a high level of the personality trait “being a Good Girl” reported significantly more psychosocial risk factors for CVD and more commonly report chest pain without seeking medical care, no increased incidence for various CVD-diagnoses were found. The comparative study (Paper IV) clearly showed that Scottish middle-aged women are – relative to Swedish women - particularly affected by a worse profile of CVD risks, even after adjustment for education.   Conclusions: The social environment is of importance for cardiovascular risks and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This has been shown in Swedish Twin cities context and also in comparative studies between Swedish and Scottish women. The thesis gives strong implications for an upstream public health approach initiating long-term community intervention program in the blue collar city and among Scottish middle-aged women.

No description available.

I Sverige har Systembolaget försäljningsmonopol på alkoholhaltiga drycker över 3,5 procent, vilket gör att dessa drycker endast finns tillgängliga under Systembolagets öppnande samt att tillgängligheten är begränsad till ungdomar under 20 år till följd av åldersgränsen. Tillgänglighet är en viktig bestämningsfaktor vad gäller alkoholkonsumtion. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka vad som hänt med alkoholvanorna i en kommun efter det att Systembolaget etablerades där 1 mars år 2000. En avgränsning har gjorts och arbetet kommer därmed specifikt belysa ungdomar i årskurs nio och deras alkoholvanor. Flickor och pojkar kommer att analyseras var för sig. En kvantitativ ansats har valts där aggregerad data använts. Informationen som använts kommer från drogvaneundersökningar gjorda 1999, 2002 samt Liv & hälsa ung 2005. Resultatet visade på att andelen ungdomar som konsumerar alkohol har minskat i kommunen. Det har mellan åren blivit vanligare att eleverna i årskurs nio skaffar vin och starksprit från ”annan vuxen”. Ett nyöppnande av ett Systembolag, med ökad tillgänglighet av alkohol som följd, har inte lett till att andelen konsumerande ungdomar av alkohol i årskurs nio i kommunen ökat, däremot ses en signifikant minskning bland flickorna.

No description available.

digitalisering@umu.se

Såväl internationella som nationella styrdokument fastställer att unga personers hälsa bör främjas. Där benämns unga hbtq-personer som en prioriterad samhällsgrupp då hälsan hos denna minoritetsgrupp är sämre än genomsnittet, särskilt den psykiska hälsan. Risken för utanförskap är vanligare eftersom hbtq-personer är en stigmatiserad och marginaliserad samhällsgrupp med en ökad risk för diskriminering, hot, våld och kränkande behandling. Kulturen, samhällets normer och värderingar påverkar förutsättningarna för unga hbtq-personers hälsa. Därför syftet var att undersöka socialt utanförskap bland unga hbtq-personer i Västmanland samt att studera om socialt utanförskap kunde sättas i samband med psykisk ohälsa. För att genomföra detta har studien en deduktiv kvantitativ ansats där tvärsnittsdesign och sekundärdata från Liv & hälsa ung 2014 har använts. Studien konstaterar att det var vanligare bland unga hbtq-personer och personer som är osäkra på sin sexuella läggning eller könsidentitet, att leva i socialt utanförskap än bland heterosexuella, där bisexuella och osäkra var de som förekom oftare. Liknande resultat återfanns gällande den psykiska ohälsan där unga hbtq-personer och osäkra personer oftare hade psykisk ohälsa. Det fanns samband mellan att vara ung hbtq-person eller osäker och att leva i socialt utanförskap samt ha psykisk ohälsa. Samtidigt är unga hbtq-personer och osäkra personer mer drabbade av att leva med båda, där tycks också heterosexualitet vara en skyddsfaktor. Nyckelord; Hbtq, Psykisk ohälsa, Socialt utanförskap, Ungdomar, Västmanland. / Both international and national policy documents determine that young people's health should be prioritized. There, young lgbtq-people are referred to as a priority group, since the health of this minority group is worse than the average, especially their mental health. The risk of exclusion is greater because lgbtq-people are a stigmatized and marginalized group with an increased risk of discrimination, threats, violence and abusive treatment. Culture, society's norms and values affect the preconditions for young lgbtq-people achieving good health. Therefore, the purpose was to investigate social exclusion among young lgbtq-people in Västmanland, as well as studying if social exclusion could be associated with having mental health issues. To accomplish this, the study adopted a deductive quantitative approach where cross-sectional design and secondary data from Survey of Adolescent Life in Västmanland 2014 have been used. The study finds it more common for lqbtq-adolescents and people who are unsure about their sexuality or gender identity to live in social exclusion than among heterosexuals. It also showed that it is more frequently experienced by bisexuals and unsure people. Similar findings were found regarding mental health in which young lgbtq-people and people who are unsure about the sexual orientation, sexuality, gender identity or gender expression, more often had mental health issues. There was a correlation between being a young lgbtq-person or unsure and living in social exclusion and having mental health issues. Concurrantly lgbtq-adolescents and unsure had a greater risk of being affected by both of those, where heterosexuality can be seen as a protective factor. Key words; Adolescents, Lgbtq, Mental health issues, Social Exclusion, Västmanland.

<p>2017-05-31</p>

<p>2017-05-31</p>

No description available.