Title: Issues of the motion apparatus injuries among golf players Objectives: The goal of the work is to find out the most common health problems among golf players and possible preventative measures against their formation. Methods: The work is structured as a research, which has been created on the basis of an analysis of relevant sources. The literature, printed and electronic monographs and periodical were obtained from library catalogues and the Internet. The foreign studies were obtained from databases PubMed and SPORTDiscus. Results: The most common vertebrogenic difficulty among both amateur and professional golf players is low back pain (LBP). It appears more often among men than women. Specific issues are the overload of the paravertebral muscles, occurrence of the osteophytes and degenerative changes in the area of the facet joints and intervertebral disc. Other health problems among golf players are inflammation of the rotator cuff tendons, posterior glenohumeral subluxation, acromioclavicular disfunction, shoulder joint arthritis, stress fracture of the ribs, epicondylitis, and in the area of the wrist and arm of the golf players occur especially fractures, subluxation of the joints and overload of the tendons (especially adductors, flexors and extensors). Almost all the studies...

Author: Bc. Michaela Richtrová Tittle: Golf swing in subjects with amputation of lower extremity Objectives: The study aims at evaluation of the technique of golf swing used by patients with a different type and level of lower extremity amputation as compared to able-bodied golfers. Another objective is determination of the relation between individual phases of the golf swing and weight transfer, using different golf clubs, as compared to able-bodied golfers. Method: By its topic the work is a pilot study. The research has been divided into three descriptive case studies. The experimental group included two amateur golfers and one professional golfer. The control group was represented by an able-bodied golfer. Evaluation of kinematic parameters (trajectory of shoulders, hips, knee joints) was based on the Qualysis Motion Capture System. Evaluation of dynamic parameters (weight transfer) in the course of golf swing was made using two dynamometric Kistler platforms. Results: The measuring has demonstrated that in terms of both kinematics and dynamics, the mode of movement of a patient with a trans-tibial amputation during a golf swing corresponds to that of an able-bodied golfer. The same results were achieved by the patient also with the use of another type of golf club. A change, both in terms of...

Tyrimo tikslas – nustatyti įvairias golfo mosto kinematines charakteristikas, jų tarpusavio sąsajas ir ryšį su žaidėjų meistriškumu. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Palyginti mažo ir vidutinio meistriškumo golfo žaidėjų mosto kinematines charakteristikas smūgiuojant dviem skirtingomis lazdomis. 2. Nustatyti tirtų kinematinių rodiklių tarpusavio sąsajas ir ryšį su golfo žaidėjų meistriškumu. Rezultatai Mažo meistriškumo (MM) grupės medinės lazdos Nr. 1 (M1) galvutės greitis buvo 140,6 km/h, o vidutinio meistriškumo (VM) – 156,6 km/h. Mojant tiek geležine lazda Nr. 7 (G7), tiek M1 lazdomis VM grupės riešo ulnarinio lenkimo kampinio greičio vidurkiai buvo 1270,3 ir 1302,3 l./s atitinkamai, o MM – 1113,0 bei 1160,5 l./s. Taip pat mosto atgal fazių trukmė VM grupės smūgiuojant abiem lazdomis buvo ilgesnė, o mosto fazių santykiai didesni. Išvados: 1. Smūgiuojant medine lazda Nr. 1 vidutinio meistriškumo grupės atstovų reikšmingai didesnis buvo lazdos galvutės greitis, riešo ulnarinio lenkimo kampinis greitis, smūgiuoto kamuoliuko atstumas, mosto fazių santykis, patikimai ilgesnė mosto atgal fazės trukmė negu mažo meistriškumo golfininkų. 2. Smūgiuojant geležine lazda Nr. 7 vidutinio meistriškumo grupės atstovų patikimai didesnis buvo plaštakų greitis, riešo ulnarinio lenkimo kampinis greitis, smūgiuoto kamuoliuko atstumas, mosto fazių santykis, reikšmingai ilgesnė mosto atgal fazės trukmė. 3. Smūgiuojant geležine lazda Nr. 7 nustatytas stiprus teigiamas ryšys tarp nuokrypio nuo mosto... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Aim of the research – to indentify different golf swing kinematic indicators, interrelation between them and the correlation to the player's skill. Tasks of the research: 1. To compare the kinematic characteristics of swing of low and middle skill golfers with two different golf clubs. 2. To identify the interrelation among investigated kinematic parameters‘ interfaces and the correlation with the golfers’ skills. Results. Low skill group’s driver head speed was 140,6 km/h, and the average skill group’s ¬– 156,6 km/h. Swinging 7 iron and driver average skill group ulnar wrist flexion angular velocity averages were 1270,3 and 1302,3 d./sec, respectively, and low skill – 1113,0 and 1160,5 d./sec. Additionally backswing phase duration of average skill group with both clubs were longer and had bigger swing phase ratio. Conclusions: 1. Swing with driver were significantly higher in the average skill group in regards to the club‘s head speed, ulnar wrist flexion angular velocity, ball distance, swing phase ratio and significantly longer backswing phase duration in comparison to the low skill golfers. 2. Swing with 7 iron were significantly higher in the average skill group in regards to the hand speed, ulnar wrist flexion angular velocity, ball distance, swing phase ratio and significantly longer duration of the backswing phase. 3. Swing with the 7 iron club show a strong positive relation between the deviation from swing path and angle of the club head. During the swing with... [to full text]

Title: Intraindividual stability of performance and kinestetic abilities level in wedge play performed on golf players with different performance level Goal: Goal of this thesis is detect an intraindividual stability of full swing performance in wedge play and find out kinestetic abilities level of golf players with different performance level when they control distance of ball flight, club head speed and ball speed. Methods: There were 15 golfers participating in this study (n = 15). Tested subjects are characteristic by these values: age 18,36 ± 2,61, body height 180,86 ± 7,38, body weight 73,21 ± 10,25, HCP HCP -0,47 ± 1,53. Intraindividual stability of performance and kinestetic abilities level was tested by instrument TrackMan. Gained values were processed by statistical methods in Excel. Pearson coeficient was used to find out the dependence between data. Results: We found high level of intraindividual stability from test results. Significant difference was found between in distance, club head speed and ball speed parameters with and without feedback. Significant connetion between intaindividual stability and performance parameters was found only in 1/3 of cases, same as connection between kinethetic ability and performance parameters. Key words: Short game, golf swing, approach shots, abilities

Title: Physiotherapy with golf players having vertebrogenic disorders Objectives: The goal of the work is to find out and analyze, from selected foreign studies, the causes of the development of the most common pathologies in the lumbar area of the spine in adults, professionals and amateurs and based on the evaluation of the studies suggest appropriate physiotherapeutic procedures to be used as a prevention against low back pain (further LBP). Methods: The work is structured as a research, which has been created on the basis of an analysis of relevant sources. The literature, printed and electronic monographs, textbooks and specialized periodical were obtained from bibliographical databases, library catalogues and the Internet. The work contains foreign studies from USA, Canada, England and Australia. The studies were obtained from specialized medical databases: PubMed, PEDro, EBSCO. Results: The main cause of the development of LBP in golf players is the full golf swing, especially the modern type of swing. The following pathologies mainly develop in the lumbar area of the spine within the golf players: hypertonus paravertebral muscles, prolapses of intervertebral disc, fatigue vertebrae fracture and artrophaty of facet joints. In the prevention of LBP we use physiotherapeutic processes based on...

Background Although trainers and athletes consider ‘good timing skills’ to be critical for optimal sport performance, little is known in regard to how sport-specific skills may benefit from timing training. Thus, assuming that all motor performances are mediated by an internal timing mechanism, enhanced motor timing is expected to have positive effects on both planning and execution of movement performance, and consequently on complex sports actions as golf or soccer. Accordingly, in order to increase our knowledge of the importance of motor timing and possible effects of timing training, this thesis examines the effects of synchronized metronome training (SMT), thought to improve the execution of motor programs and to enhance motor skills in golf and soccer players. Methods Study I examined the effects of SMT on motor timing abilities and its potential effect on golf shot accuracy and consistency in 25 experienced male golfers. Additionally, Study II examined the effects of SMT on the spatiotemporal movement organisation and dynamics of the golf swing performance, as captured by kinematic measurements and analyses in thirteen male golfers. Study III examined the effect of SMT on accuracy and variability in a soccer specific, cross-pass task in elite and sub-elite female soccer players. Moreover, the underlying brain activity was assessed by means of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the corresponding neural activity when passively observing the cross-pass task, and the possible pre- to post training effects. Results SMT was shown to improve motor timing ability, by means of less timing asynchrony and with associated changes in timing variability, in both golf- and soccer-players. Additionally, significant improvements in golf shot and soccer cross-pass performance, by means of significant increase in outcome accuracy combined with a decrease in outcome variability was found. From the kinematic investigation in Study II, results indicate that improved motor timing, as an effect of SMT, lead to a more coordinated and dynamic swing performance, and with decreased variability in the temporal structure of the swing motion. Finally, it was found that SMT induces changes in the activity of the action observation network (AON), underpinning action observation and action prediction, by means of decreased activation within bilateral cerebellum, fusiform gyrus and superior temporal gyrus. These findings hint at a more efficient pattern of neural recruitment during action observation, after SMT. Conclusion In summary, this thesis provides evidence that four weeks of SMT improved the participant’s motor timing and synchronization abilities, and showed influence on both behavioral and neurophysiological motor programs and skill performance in golf and soccer players. Thus, by improved outcome accuracy and decreased variability, affecting the coordinated movement pattern and organisation, as well as affecting the associated underlying brain activation.