This master´s thesis deals with the determination of vertical gravity gradient in the shaft below the infantry bunker TS - 73 "Polom" located in village Babí. After performing position, elevation and gravity measurements detailed points, representing the two vertical profiles were calculated gravity, vertical gravity gradient, block densities ang gravity anomalies depending on the depth. Other outputs work as a topographic map and a map of full Bouguer anomalies for the wider area of the location and interpretive geologic profile.

This diploma thesis is devoted to problems of measurement centre of gravity position. At the beginning diploma thesis is created summary of methods to measuring moment of inertia and position measuring of centre of gravity of vehicle. Proposal is in-process on the basis method weighing on oblique position. And measurement is possible in Institute of automotive engineering in Brno. Is proposed measuring platform and preparative for obstruct changes of centre of gravity position at measuring. Measuring procedure is described and is derived formula toward calculation position of gravity centre of vehicle. To troubleshooting parts of platform are elaborate solidity calculations. In final parts diploma thesis are mentioned results from these measurements. Drawing documentation of platform and programme for calculation of centre of gravity of vehicle is enclosed in diploma thesis.

This diploma thesis deals with measurement of vehicle centre of gravity height position. All methods for measurement of CG height position are described in the first part. The second part deals with designing of device for measurement of CG height. This measurement device is analysed by Finite Element Method. The vehicle is tilt by hydraulic system. The third part shows the best tilt angle for minimal error of CG height. At the end, there is described a measuring procedure for designed device.

The first part of the thesis The measurement of the location of centre of gravity of bicycles is firstly about history and division of bicycles, about the legislation in the Czech Republic concerning the cyclists, about the analysis of accidents of cyclists and lastly about the analysis of the method of the measurement of the location of centre of gravity. The second part of the thesis describes the procedure of calculation of the location of centre of gravity in the chosen incline method and the proposal of measure apparatus. The third part of the thesis occupies with the measurement and processing of concrete values for chosen sample of cyclists on the bicycles which are selected in the way that the results of the location of centre of gravity in the final part of the thesis are compared with the respect to their application during the expert opinion.

The main result of the thesis is the derivation of quantum phenomenological gravi- tational dynamics from the thermodynamics of local causal diamonds. By taking into account logarithmic corrections to entropy implied by quantum gravity effects, we derive new gravitational equations of motion which incorporate quantum corrections. The re- sulting theory appears to be a direct generalisation of the classical unimodular gravity instead of the general relativity. Upon obtaining the equations, we discuss their prop- erties and possible implications. As by-products, we also present a novel derivation of the Einstein equations from the thermodynamics of causal diamonds and a derivation of the logarithmic corrections to black hole entropy from the existence of minimal re- solvable area. Apart from the new results, we also provide an extensive review of the thermodynamics of local causal horizons. 1

Un des grand défis de la physique actuelle est la quantification de la gravit é. La théorie d’Einstein est remarquable pour ses prédictions. Malheureusement, elle reste une théorie classique et de ce fait en désaccord avec les progrès actuels en physique des particules qui montrent qu’à faible distance, une théorie physique doit être quantique. Une des pistes pour résoudre ce problème est d’étudier la version classique de la gravité dans l’espoir d’en déduire des propriétés ou même la forme de la théorie quantique.<p><p>Un des outils pour étudier une theorie est la notion de dualité. On dit que deux théories sont duales quand elles décrivent le même système par des moyens différents. La dualité est le dictionnaire permettant de passer d’une description à l’autre. Dans ma thèse, j’ai étudié deux dualités s’appliquant à la gravité en 4 dimensions.<p><p>La première est connue sous le nom de dualité électromagnétique. A l’origine, cette dualité s’applique à l’électromagnétisme où elle échange les rôles du champ & / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

vii Title: General relativity in higher dimensions Author: Tomáš Málek Institute: Institute of Theoretical Physics Supervisor: Mgr. Vojtěch Pravda, PhD., Institute of Mathematics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Abstract: In the first part of this thesis, Kerr-Schild metrics and extended Kerr- Schild metrics are analyzed in the context of higher dimensional general relativ- ity. Employing the higher dimensional generalizations of the Newman-Penrose formalism and the algebraic classification of spacetimes based on the existence and multiplicity of Weyl aligned null directions, we establish various geometri- cal properties of the Kerr-Schild congruences, determine compatible Weyl types and in the expanding case discuss the presence of curvature singularities. We also present known exact solutions admitting these Kerr-Schild forms and con- struct some new ones using the Brinkmann warp product. In the second part, the influence of quantum corrections consisting of quadratic curvature invariants on the Einstein-Hilbert action is considered and exact vacuum solutions of these quadratic gravities are studied in arbitrary dimension. We investigate classes of Einstein spacetimes and spacetimes with a null radiation term in the Ricci tensor satisfying the vacuum field equations of quadratic gravity...

The design of fluid management systems requires accurate models for fluid transport. In the low gravity environment of space, gravity no longer dominates fluid displacement; instead capillary forces often govern flow. This thesis considers the redistribution of fluid along an interior corner. Following a rapid reduction of gravity, fluid advances along the corner measured by the column length z = L(t), which is governed by a nonlinear partial differential equation with dynamical boundary conditions. Three flow types are examined: capillary rise, spreading drop, and tapered corner. The spreading drop regime is shown to exhibit column length growth L ~ t2/5, where a closed form analytic solution exists. No analytic solution is available for the capillary rise problem. However, a perturbed power law similarity solution is pursued to approximate an analytic solution in the near neighborhood of the exact solution for the spreading drop. It is recovered that L ~ t1/2 for the capillary rise problem. The tapered corner problem is not analytically understood and hence its corresponding L is undocumented. Based on the slender corner geometry, it is natural to hypothesize the tapered corner column length initially behaves like the capillary rise regime, but after sufficient time has elapsed, it transitions into the spreading drop regime. This leads to a conjecture that its column length growth L is restricted to t2/5 < L < t1/2. To verify this conjecture an explicit finite difference numerical solution is developed for all three regimes. As will be shown, the finite difference scheme converges towards the analytic solutions for the spreading drop and capillary rise regimes. From this we assume the finite difference scheme is accurate for corner flows of similar geometries, and thus apply this scheme the more onerous criteria of the tapered corner. Numerical results support the conjectured L behavior for the tapered corner. Understanding the dynamics of such flows and responses to various geometries offers design advantages for spacecraft waste-management systems, fuel control, hydration containment, cryogenic flows, and a myriad of other fluid applications.

Implementing a nonlinear gravity wave (GW) parameterization into a mechanistic middle and upper atmosphere model, which extends to the lower thermosphere (160 km), we study the response of the atmosphere in terms of the circulation patterns, temperature distribution, and migrating terdiurnal solar tide activity to the upward propagating smallscale internal GWs originating in the lower atmosphere. We perform three test simulations for the Northern Hemisphere winter conditions in order to assess the effects of variations in the initial GWspectrum on the climatology and tidal patterns of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. We find that the overall strength of the source level momentum flux has a relatively small impact on the zonal mean climatology. The tails of the GW source level spectrum, however, are crucial for the lower thermosphere climatology. With respect to the terdiurnal tide, we find a strong dependence of tidal amplitude on the induced GW drag, generally being larger when GW drag is increased.

Implementing a nonlinear gravity wave (GW) parameterization into a mechanistic middle and upper atmosphere model, which extends to the lower thermosphere (160 km), we study the response of the atmosphere in terms of the circulation patterns, temperature distribution, and migrating terdiurnal solar tide activity to the upward propagating small scale internal GWs originating in the lower atmosphere. We perform three test simulations for the Northern Hemisphere winter conditions in order to assess the effects of variations in the initial GW spectrum on the climatology and tidal patterns of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. We find that the overall strength of the source level momentum flux has a relatively small impact on the zonal mean climatology. The tails of the GW source level spectrum, however, are crucial for the lower thermosphere climatology. With respect to the terdiurnal tide, we find a strong dependence of tidal amplitude on the induced GW drag, generally being larger when GW drag is increased.