published_or_final_version / Zoology / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Zoology / Master / Master of Philosophy

Darbo tikslas - ištirti augimo hormono geno įvairovę kiaulių tarpe ir nustatyti polimorfizmo įtaką kiaulių produktyvumo savybėms. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Surinkti ir išanalizuoti mokslinę literatūrą apie kiaulių augimo hormoną bei jo genetinį pagrindimą. 2. Įdiegti kiaulių augimo hormono geno tyrimo metodiką LVA K.Janušausko Gyvūnų genetikos laboratorijoje. 3. Ištirti augimo hormono geno (GH) įvairovę kiaulių tarpe, naudojant sumodeliuotus pradmenis pagal geno seką. 4. Suformuoti fenotipinių požymių duomenų bazę. 5. Ištirti augimo hormono geno įvairovės įtaką kiaulių produktyvumo savybėms LVA Gyvūnų genetikos laboratorijoje įdiegta kiaulių augimo hormono geno, ištyrimo metodika. Pirmą kartą ištirtas augimo hormono geno polimorfizmas bei jo variantų įtaka kiaulių produktyvumo savybėms. Įdiegta metodika leidžia ištirti kiaulių genome augimo hormono geną, nustatyti alelių polimorfizmą ir įvertinti jo poveikį kiaulių fenotipinėms savybėms. Siūloma atsižvelgti į kiaulių genome esančio augimo hormono geno polimorfizmą, atrenkant ir parenkant gyvulius, turinčius ekonomiškai naudingus alelius, kad būtų galima pagerinti produktyviąsias savybes. / Object and tasks of work. 1. Analyse and summarize literature about growth hormone and it genetic background. 2. Introduce pig GH and GHR genes research methodology at K. Janušauskas Laboratory of Animal Genetics, LVA. 3. Investigate GH and GHR genes polymorphism and distribution of different alleles at Lithuanian pig population by PCR-RFLP method. 4. Create datebase of pig phenothypical traits 5. Determine correlation between restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in GH and GHR genes and pig phenothypical traits. Research methodology. 1. DNA extraction from hair roots. 2. PCR to amplify GH and GHR genes. 3. RFLP method. 3. Electrophoresis in agarose gel. 4. Staining with Etidium bromide. 5. Genotyping. 6. Stasitical analysis of data. Results and conclutions. Growth hormone and growth hormone receptor genes have been found to be polymorphic in tested pig population what gives possibility to use them as genetic markers. According to agregated GHRH/GHR1/GHR2 genotype the largest carcass and bacon half length had pigs with genotype ABG1G1G3G3, the lowest fat thickness with genotype BBG1G1G4G4, the largest muscularity with genotype BBG1G1G4G4, the largest makeweight had pigs with genotype ABG1G1G3G3, the smallest feed intake for 1 kg makeweigth had pigs with AAG2G2G3G4 genotype. Unifactorial analysis showed that the largest percent of meat traits variation explains agregated genotype GHRH/GHR1/GHR2 – from 10,8 percent to warm carcass weight to 29,2 percent to fat... [to full text]

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Background Hedgehog signaling plays an important role in embryonic development, organogenesis and cancer. In the adult liver, Hedgehog signaling in non-parenchymal cells has been found to play a role in certain disease states such as fibrosis and cirrhosis. However, whether the Hedgehog pathway is active in mature healthy hepatocytes and is of significance to liver function are controversial. Findings Two types of mice with distinct conditional hepatic deletion of the Smoothened gene, an essential co-receptor protein of the Hedgehog pathway, were generated for investigating the role of Hedgehog signaling in mature hepatocytes. The knockout animals (KO) were inconspicuous and healthy with no changes in serum transaminases, but showed a slower weight gain. The liver was smaller, but presented a normal architecture and cellular composition. By quantitative RT-PCR the downregulation of the expression of Indian hedgehog (Ihh) and the Gli3 transcription factor could be demonstrated in healthy mature hepatocytes from these mice, whereas Patched1 was upregulated. Strong alterations in gene expression were also observed for the IGF axis. While expression of Igf1 was downregulated, that of Igfbp1 was upregulated in the livers of both genders. Corresponding changes in the serum levels of both proteins could be detected by ELISA. By activating and inhibiting the transcriptional output of Hedgehog signaling in cultured hepatocytes through siRNAs against Ptch1 and Gli3, respectively, in combination with a ChIP assay evidence was collected indicating that Igf1 expression is directly dependent on the activator function of Gli3. In contrast, the mRNA level of Igfbp1 appears to be controlled through the repressor function of Gli3, while that of Igfbp2 and Igfbp3 did not change. Interestingly, body weight of the transgenic mice correlated well with IGF-I levels in both genders and also with IGFBP-1 levels in females, whereas it did not correlate with serum growth hormone levels. Conclusions Our results demonstrate for the first time that Hedgehog signaling is active in healthy mature mouse hepatocytes and that it has considerable importance for IGF-I homeostasis in the circulation. These findings may have various implications for mouse physiology including the regulation of body weight and size, glucose homeostasis and reproductive capacity.

国立情報学研究所で電子化したコンテンツを使用している。

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Göteborgs universitet, 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2007. / Also available in print.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2003. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.