This study aimed to investigate the needs and challenges faced by visually impairedindividuals when using the internet and assess the compatibility of the challengesthey face with the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG 2.0). By exam-ining these aspects, through analysis of existing literature, surveys and interview.The study sought to gain insights into the difficulties experienced by the visuallyimpaired community and provide recommendations for improving web accessibilityand contribute to the development of more accessible and user-friendly web content.This, in turn, can improve the quality of life for individuals with visual impairmentsand promote their active involvement in social, economic, and cultural activities.The study findings indicate common obstacles faced by individuals with visual im-pairments when accessing the internet, including difficulties in reading text, limitedcustomization options, insufficient color contrast, poorly structured content, inacces-sible forms or inputs, challenges in identifying images or icons, navigating web pages,and completing forms.Individuals with visual impairments have unique requirements when using theinternet, such as the use of assistive technologies and alternative text descriptions.However, they encounter various obstacles that hinder their access and engagementwith digital content and services.Although WCAG 2.0 serves as a foundationalframework for web accessibility, there is still room for improvement in terms ofawareness, implementation, and testing. Further efforts are necessary to enhanceinternet accessibility for individuals with visual impairments, facilitating their fullparticipation in social, economic, and cultural activities.

Am 1. September 2009 wurde das 3. Gesetz zur Änderung des Betreuungsrechts erlassen. Seitdem ist die Einhaltung von Patientenverfügungen rechtlich bindend. Ärztliche Beratung zur Patientenverfügung wird empfohlen, ist aber keine Gültigkeitsvoraussetzung. Es wurde eine Studie durchgeführt, in der Ärztinnen und Ärzte dazu befragt wurden, in welchem Ausmaß zur Patientenverfügung beraten wird, wie die Qualität der Beratung beurteilt wird, welchen Stellenwert ärztliche Beratung zur Patientenverfügung hat und wie die Finanzierung ärztlicher Beratung beurteilt wird. Es wurde deutlich, dass die Patientenverfügung als Instrument durchaus anerkannt ist. Die befragten Ärztinnen und Ärzte schätzen ihre Beratungskompetenz hoch ein. Trotzdem wird Fortbildung gewünscht. Offizielle Empfehlungen und Standards zur ärztlichen Beratung wären sehr sinnvoll. Die Frage der Finanzierung sollte dringend abschließend geklärt werden. Eine zumindest anteilige Übernahme der Beratungskosten durch die Solidargemeinschaft wird vom Großteil der Befragten gefordert. In diesem Rahmen wäre auch eine eigene Abrechnungsziffer für Beratungsgespräche sinnvoll.

This investigation identifies how CAD models of typical automotive body assemblies could be defined to allow a continuous optimisation of the number of iterations required for the final design and the number of variants on the basis of Parametric Associative Design (PAD) and how methodologies for the development of surfaces, parts and assemblies of the automotive body can be represented and structured for a multiple re-use in a collaborative environment of concept phase of a Product Evolution (Formation) Process (PEP). The standardisation of optimised processes and methodologies and the enhanced interaction between all parties involved in product development could lead to improve product quality and reduce development time and hence expenses. The fundamental principles of PAD, the particular methodologies used in automotive body design and the principles of methodical development and design in general are investigated. The role which automotive body engineers play throughout the activities of the PEP is also investigated. The distribution of design work in concept teams of automotive body development and important methodologies for the design of prismatic profile areas is critically analysed. To address the role and distribution of work, 25 group work projects were carried out in cooperation with the automotive industry. Large assemblies of the automotive bodies were developed. The requirements for distributed design work have been identified and improved. The results of the investigation point towards a file based, well structured administration of a concept design, with a zone based approach. The investigation was extended to the process chain of sections, which are used for development of surfaces, parts and assemblies. Important methods were developed, optimised and validated with regard to an update safe re-use of 3D zone based CAD models instead of 2D sections. The thesis presents a thorough description of the research undertaken, details the experimental results and provides a comprehensive analysis of them. Finally it proposes a unique methodology to a zone based approach with a clearly defined process chain of sections for an update-safe re-use of design models.