Th. doct.--Uppsala Universitet, 2002. / Bibliogr. p. 384-403. Notes bibliogr. Index.

Revision of Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Iowa, 1969. / Includes bibliographical references (p. [317]-330) and index.

Durant toute sa carrière, Guillaume Apollinaire n’a cessé de jeter des ponts entre la poésie et les arts. Nés de cette volonté de rapprochement, les livres de dialogue - L’Enchanteur pourrissant, Le Bestiaire ou Cortège d’Orphée et Vitam impendere amori, réalisés avec André Derain, Raoul Dufy et André Rouveyre - en constituent le résultat le plus abouti. De L’Enchanteur à Vitam, cette recherche d’échange apparaît permanente et croissante ; pourtant, il semble que la critique se soit concentrée soit sur l’aspect littéraire, soit sur l’aspect artistique de ces oeuvres. C’est pourquoi, grâce à l’éclairage apporté par la littérature, l’art, l’histoire et l’histoire du livre, nous tenterons de montrer le rôle central du livre de dialogue dans le processus de création chez Apollinaire. La première partie a pour but d’expliciter les valeurs attachées au livre illustré à la fin du XIX° siècle et de présenter le contexte dans lequel est né le livre de dialogue. La seconde partie démontre que la triple collaboration Apollinaire-Derain-Kahnweiler est au coeur du dialogue qui s’engage entre les gravures et le texte de L’Enchanteur, et que ce premier ouvrage constitue le prototype de l’oeuvre illustrée à venir du poète. La troisième partie, qui étudie Le Bestiaire, montre de quelle façon il constitue une étape dans l’évolution d’Apollinaire et dans sa conception du dialogue entre les arts. La dernière partie est centrée autour du recueil méconnu Vitam Impendere amori qui constitue l’apogée de la collaboration entre le poète et l’artiste puisqu’il témoigne, après la grande rupture que constitue la Première Guerre mondiale, de la primauté de l’oeuvre sur les vicissitudes humaines. / During his entire career, Guillaume Apollinaire did not stop establishing relations between poetry and the other arts. Born of this will of linking, the “livres de dialogue” - L’Enchanteur pourrissant, Le Bestiaire ou Cortège d’Orphée and Vitam impendere amori, made with André Derain, Raoul Dufy and André Rouveyre - are the most accomplished results. From L’Enchanteur to Vitam, this will for exchange is permanent and increasing; nevertheless, it seems that the critic concentrates either on the literary aspect, or on the artistic aspect of these works. That is why, thanks to the light brought by literature, art, history and book history, we shall try to show the central role of the “livre de dialogue” in Apollinaire’s process of creation. The first part aims at clarifying the values attached to the illustrated book in the end of nineteenth century and at presenting the context in which was born the “livre de dialogue”. The second part demonstrates that the triple collaboration between Apollinaire, Derain and Kahnweiler is the core of the dialogue which develops between wood engravings and text of L’Enchanteur, and that this first work constitutes the prototype of the future illustrated works of the poet. The third part, which studies Le Bestiaire, shows how it represents a milestone in Apollinaire’s evolution and in his conception of the dialogue between the arts. The last part is focused on the underestimated work Vitam impendere amori which represents the top of the collaboration between the poet and the artist: after the First World War big break, it gives evidence of the superiority of the work on trials and tribulations of human life.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo tratar de uma parte pouco conhecida da obra de Guillaume Apollinaire: a sua crítica de artes. A partir da análise dos textos que o autor publicou neste domínio, evidencia-se a elaboração de uma série de conceitos que lhe possibilitam pensar a pintura e se posicionar no debate artístico francês dos anos iniciais do século XX. Considerando tais conceitos, mostra-se como estes podem ser relacionados com a reflexão do autor sobre a poesia de sua época e, em particular, com a sua própria. O encontro de suas ideias sobre a pintura e sobre a poesia traduz-se em um projeto estético em sentido amplo que, por isso mesmo, produz efeitos em sua obra poética. Com a finalidade de evidenciá-los, analiso alguns poemas para mostrar como a reflexão artística de Apollinaire importa para a compreensão da obra poética. / The present work aims to deal with the little known part of Guillaume Apollinaires work: his critique of arts. From the analysis of the texts that the author published in this field, it is evident the elaboration of a series of concepts that allow him to think about paintings and position himself in the French artistic debate of the early year of the Twentieth Century. Considering theses artistic concepts, it is shown how they can also be related to the authors views of poetry of his time and, in particular, with his own. From this communication of artistic ideas, it is exposed how it translates into na aesthetic project in the broad sense and that, for this very reason, produces effects in his poetic work. With the purpose of showing this, poems are analysed to express Apollinaires artistic views matters for the understanding of his poetic work.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo tratar de uma parte pouco conhecida da obra de Guillaume Apollinaire: a sua crítica de artes. A partir da análise dos textos que o autor publicou neste domínio, evidencia-se a elaboração de uma série de conceitos que lhe possibilitam pensar a pintura e se posicionar no debate artístico francês dos anos iniciais do século XX. Considerando tais conceitos, mostra-se como estes podem ser relacionados com a reflexão do autor sobre a poesia de sua época e, em particular, com a sua própria. O encontro de suas ideias sobre a pintura e sobre a poesia traduz-se em um projeto estético em sentido amplo que, por isso mesmo, produz efeitos em sua obra poética. Com a finalidade de evidenciá-los, analiso alguns poemas para mostrar como a reflexão artística de Apollinaire importa para a compreensão da obra poética. / The present work aims to deal with the little known part of Guillaume Apollinaires work: his critique of arts. From the analysis of the texts that the author published in this field, it is evident the elaboration of a series of concepts that allow him to think about paintings and position himself in the French artistic debate of the early year of the Twentieth Century. Considering theses artistic concepts, it is shown how they can also be related to the authors views of poetry of his time and, in particular, with his own. From this communication of artistic ideas, it is exposed how it translates into na aesthetic project in the broad sense and that, for this very reason, produces effects in his poetic work. With the purpose of showing this, poems are analysed to express Apollinaires artistic views matters for the understanding of his poetic work.

La rencontre de Guillaume Apollinaire avec Paris a été déterminante dans la vie du poète, tant sur le plan intellectuel qu'existentiel. Dans son œuvre où elle occupe une place de choix, la capitale française ne représente pas seulement un lieu de vie mais une source d'inspiration et d'écriture extrêmement féconde. Bien qu’héritée de toute une tradition littéraire de la ville qui s’est développée au XIXe siècle, la poésie apollinarienne de Paris est conçue sur le mode de l’« esprit nouveau » qui accompagne la naissance d’une ère placée sous le signe de la découverte et du progrès, et s’intègre aux recherches esthétiques des avant-gardes artistiques et littéraires caractérisées par l’audace et le goût de l’aventure. Entre tradition et invention, le Paris d’Apollinaire n’est pas seulement celui du « Pont Mirabeau » et de « Lettre-Océan » qui, d’Alcools à Calligrammes, témoigne d’une volonté de s’affranchir de certains « modèles » et de créer une poésie libre de toutes contraintes qui dit le « réel » en empruntant les voies de l’imaginaire, c’est aussi la capitale fascinée de l’infatigable « flâneur des deux rives », ou insolite et secrète du guide passionné ; c’est encore la ville subjective et mentale du « guetteur mélancolique » confronté à son passé douloureux, ou aux prises avec le monde moderne ; c’est, enfin, la ville rêvée et phantasmée de « l’enchanteur » des ponts et des noms de Paris. / Guillaume Apollinaire's encounter with Paris was a decisive event in the poet's life, both intellectually and existentially. In his artwork where Paris occupies a place of choice, the French capital does not only represent a place of life but a source of inspiration and extremely fertile writing. Although inherited from an entire literary tradition of the city that developed in the nineteenth century, Parisian apollinarian poetry is conceived on the mode of the "new spirit" that accompanies the birth of an era under the sign discovery and progress, and integrates with the aesthetic research of artistic and literary avant-gardes characterized by daring and the taste of adventure. Between tradition and invention, the Paris of Apollinaire is not only that of the "Mirabeau Bridge" and "Letter-Ocean" which, from Alcools to Calligrammes, demonstrates a desire to get rid of certain "models" and to create a poetry free of all constraints that says the "real" by borrowing the ways of the imaginary. Paris is moreover the fascinating capital of the tireless "stroller of both banks", or of the unusual, surreptitious and passionate guide; It is also the biased and cerebral city of the "melancholy watchman" confronted with his painful past, or grappling with the modern world. Paris is, finally, the dreamed and phantasmatized city of the "charmer" of the bridges and of the names of Paris.

Thesis (D. Litt.)--Sorbonne, 1985. / Includes indexes. Includes bibliographical references (p. [737]-756).

Guillaume Apollinaire est incontestablement l’un des poètes français les plus célèbres du XXe siècle. Celui qui a participé aux mouvements d’avant-garde et écrit des poèmes comme «Le Pont Mirabeau» et «La Chanson du Mal-Aimé», s’est pourtant livré à une autre activité littéraire moins connue du grand public. En effet, la «prose d’imagination»—contes et romans—de l’écrivain est conçue dans les règles de «l’esprit nouveau», et selon une poétique de « la surprise » qui caractérise aussi ses vers. Friand de curiosa et de bizarreries de toutes sortes, le prosateur Apollinaire manifeste une prédilection pour les hérétiques, les aventuriers, les maniaques, les poètes disgracieux et les artistes originaux. Il n’a pas peur d’aborder des sujets étonnants, voire hétérodoxes, à la recherche du renouvellement esthétique. Cette écriture très particulière peut s’inscrire dans une certaine lignée de la littérature, parmi les genres et les ouvrages des auteurs voués à ce qui est fantastique, mystérieux, anticlérical ou subversif. Comme la vie et l’œuvre sont inséparables dans le monde apollinarien, il est naturel que la curiosité et le goût du bizarre de l’écrivain laissent des empreintes dans sa bibliothèque personnelle, ses agendas et dans ses chroniques anecdotiques. Et c’est effectivement dans le domaine du journalisme que se trouvent maintes «authentiques faussetés» d’un Apollinaire conteur, qui excelle à mêler le réel et l’imaginaire. Une telle tendance fusionnelle se traduit aussi par le mélange des genres artistiques et littéraires dans sa fiction, laquelle témoigne d’une volonté d’inventer au-delà de certains «modèles», de créer une nouvelle esthétique libre de contraintes formelles, tout en restant fidèle aux principes défendus par le poète Guillaume Apollinaire. / Guillaume Apollinaire is undoubtedly one of the most famous French poets of the twentieth century. However, apart from being a key figure in the early avant-garde movements and the author of The Mirabeau Bridge (“Le Pont Mirabeau“) and The Song of the Ill-Beloved (“La Chanson du Mal-Aimé“), the poet played another literary role less known to the public today. In fact, the “imaginative prose” (“la prose d’imagination“)—short stories and novels—of Apollinaire was written in the spirit of “l’esprit nouveau“ and in accordance with a poetics of “surprise“ which also shaped his poetry. Being an avid reader of curiosa and other unusual texts, the prosateur Apollinaire had a predilection for heretics, rogues, maniacs, ungraceful poets and eccentric artists. He was not afraid to write about shocking or unconventional subjects while aiming for aesthetic renewal. This very distinctive fiction writing belongs probably to a certain tradition in literature, where Apollinaire and some of his works remain among the genres and the authors who devoted themselves to fantastic tales, mysteries, anticlerical stories or other subversive texts. Since worldly experience and literary enterprise are inseparable in Apollinaire’s world, it is natural to notice many signs of the writer’s curiosity and his taste for the bizarre in his private library, his journals and his magazine columns. In fact, a large number of the so-called “true falsities“ (“authentiques faussetés“)—a term invented by Apollinaire himself who, as a brilliant raconteur, excelled in mixing reality with fantasy—can actually be found in the writer’s journalistic writing. As for his work of fiction, a similar tendency for mixing also reveals itself in the fusion of different artistic and literary genres. The “imaginative prose“ shows the author’s will to invent out of some existing “frameworks“, to create a new aesthetic free of genre constraints, while remaining faithful to the principles defended by the poet Guillaume Apollinaire.

The main goal of this dissertation is comparison of different translations of the poem Zone in the czech languague. The key part of this work is an analysis of the translation of selected passage od Zone. The summary which describes each translation of the poem is elaborated on the basis of this part. We can divide the translations of Zone into three basic streams: Karel Čapek and Petr Kopta hold the reproducing style of translation. Petr Skarlant and Karel Sýs prefer a less precise translation enriched with their own invention. Gustav Francl tends rather to the reproducing concept, but we would describe his style more as modernizing. To create sufficiant information foundations for the analysis of translations, the whole first part of the dissertation is dedicated to the theory of artistic translation, the personage of Guillaume Apollinaire, the analysis of Zone and the personages of the Czech translators. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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