<p>Knowledge about the challenges in adopting the Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA) to public health is still limited, necessitating an exploration into the subject. The purpose of this study is to contribute to strengthening the implementation of the HRBA to public health in Uganda. The aim was to explore challenges to the implementation of this approach The objectives of this study were to examine whether there is a shared understanding and agreement among stakeholders about the meaning and potential value of the Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA) to public health, and to describe stakeholders&lsquo / perceptions on the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the HRBA to public health.</p>

<p>Knowledge about the challenges in adopting the Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA) to public health is still limited, necessitating an exploration into the subject. The purpose of this study is to contribute to strengthening the implementation of the HRBA to public health in Uganda. The aim was to explore challenges to the implementation of this approach The objectives of this study were to examine whether there is a shared understanding and agreement among stakeholders about the meaning and potential value of the Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA) to public health, and to describe stakeholders&lsquo / perceptions on the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the HRBA to public health.</p>

Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) / Mental health concerns among NCAA student-athletes have increased in the past decade. Prior research demonstrates the intense environment student-athletes reside in and the negative impact it can have on one’s mental health. However, little is known about the prevalence of mental health symptoms and the choices student-athletes make in regard to their mental health. We aimed to demonstrate the prevalence of adverse mental health outcomes in this population and the subsequent consequences it can have on collegiate student-athletes. Additionally, we examined how the demographic characteristics and behavior factors can affect their mental health, mental health stigma, and help-seeking behavior. Our sample consisted of 236 student-athletes participating in NCAA institutions across the country, with a target audience of Horizon League competing institutions. We utilized descriptive statistics, linear regression, and ordinal regression to examine the prevalence of each predictor and outcome variable. The following scales were utilized to assess various mental health outcomes: Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6), Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB), UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the Connor-Davison Resilience Scale (CD-RISC2). Data show that a higher cumulative GPA was associated with lower mental distress and significantly more likely to have higher resilience. Additionally, athletes who were injured, were significantly more likely to experience mental distress compared to their non-injured peers. Furthermore, cisgender females reported significantly higher mental distress compared to their cisgender male counterparts. Student-athletes reporting an increase in public stigma revealed lower mental well-being and higher levels of mental distress. These findings indicate that participant characteristics do impact the adverse mental health outcomes student-athletes experience. The public and/or self-stigma one experiences can impact the overall well-being of the individual when it comes to mental health. We recommend that future studies examine how stigma can affect the choices of how student-athletes navigate their personal mental health. Future research should investigate new ways to combat the negative consequences of mental health challenges to improve the overall student-athlete experience.

This research explores the subjective experiences of women with mental health challenges residing in a supportive housing building in Southern Ontario. Drawing on principles of Feminist Participatory Action Research (FPAR), five women were brought together to engage in an arts-based workshop meant to provide the opportunity to reflect on their experiences, express themselves through alternative means, and connect with peers over shared experiences. Over six meetings, participants have been invited to contribute to group discussions by taking and analyzing photos that represent their journey while living in supportive housing. Drawing on a critical feminist and Mad Study scholarship, this project used intersectionality as its theoretical lens. This choice intends to emphasize the interconnected and compounded system of oppression that women experience when their identity intersects across various dimensions such as gender, gender expression, race, mental health status, class, and more. This research is essential because of the pervasiveness of discrimination, disempowerment and oppression of people diagnosed with a ‘serious mental illness’ and how these infiltrate relationships and social systems. However, little empirical data exists to explore the in-depth perspective of these individuals, who lack power and voice in society. In particular, women with a psychiatric diagnosis live at the intersection of multiple oppressive factors. Thus, to counterbalance oppression, it is essential to recognize these women as the experts in their lives. Moreover, women’s active participation in research and their photographs and stories offered a nuanced understanding of issues affecting them. From the photographs (visual data) and the meaning given by participants through their stories (narrative data), issues emerged related to stigmatization, gender-based violence, economic limitations, inadequate support, and various forms of discrimination. Furthermore, participants expressed their insights into desired changes within and beyond the supportive housing program. The relevance of this research is threefold: 1) it gave agency to women living in supportive housing to outline their unique needs and wants; 2) it contributed to the paucity of qualitative research situated at the intersection of gender and ‘mental illness’; 3) through KTE activities, it has the potential to inform housing and helping professionals on ways to improve housing projects, design activities, and foster residents’ engagement for this population group. / Thesis / Master of Social Work (MSW)

Bakgrund. Den ojämlika hälsan är ett globalt problem och behöver arbetas med på många olika nivåer. Skolan är en viktig arena där mycket förebyggande hälsoarbete kan utföras. En misslyckad skolgång kan leda till sämre livsvillkor och med det risk för sämre hälsa. Det socioekonomiska perspektivet framkommer som en viktig faktor i arbetet kring ojämlikheter i hälsa. Syfte. Att undersöka skolsköterskors hälsoutmaningar utifrån ett socioekonomiskt perspektiv. Design. Studien har en deskriptiv, kvalitativ design med deduktiv ansats. Metod. Studien grundar sig på strukturerade intervjuer med åtta skolsköterskor i Uppsala kommun. Alla skolsköterskor deltog frivilligt. Intervjuerna grundar sig på en intervjuguide med 27 semistrukturerade frågor. Intervjudata har analyserats med kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Bronfenbrenners utvecklingsekologiska teori har använts som teoretisk referensram. Resultat. Studien visar att hälsoutmaningar utifrån ett socioekonomiskt perspektiv är ett mycket komplext område. Skolsköterskornas arbete ser olika ut och hon samarbetar med många olika professioner. Psykisk ohälsa och fysisk inaktivitet framkommer som det tydligaste hälsoutmaningarna och är närvarande oavsett socioekonomisk tillhörighet. Dock visar studien att sammansättningen av elever där många har låg socioekonomisk tillhörighet ger en högre belastning för skolsköterskorna. Resultatet visar också att skolsköterskors som arbetar med ungdomar från områden med hög socioekonomisk tillhörighet har mer tid att arbeta förebyggande och hälsofrämjande. Slutsats. Studien visar att mer forskning behöver göras för att få mer kunskap kring de ojämlikheter som existerar i hälsa. Genom att öka kunskap kan resurser fördelas rättvisare och ojämlikheter utjämnas framför allt hos ungdomar. / Background. The inequalities in health is a global problem and needs to be addressed from many levels. School is an important arena where a lot of health promotion can be implemented. Failing school can lead to week living conditions which in turn can lead to poor health. The socioeconomic perspective is an important factor that emerges in the work around inequalities in health. Aim. To investigate school health nurses health challenges from a socioeconomic perspective. Design. A descriptive, qualitative study with deductive frame. Method. The study is based on eight structured interviews in Uppsala municipality. All school health nurses participated voluntary. The interview guide was based on 27 semi-structured questions. The data from the interviews has been analysed by a qualitative content analysis. Bronfenbrenners ecological systems theory has been used as a theoretical framework. Results. The results show that health challenges from a socioeconomic perspective is a very complex area. The work of school health nurses varies but they all cooperate with many different professions. Mental health problems and physical inactivity emerges as the clearest health challenges and is present regardless of socioeconomic status or structure. The study shows that the composition of the students which have lower socioeconomic structure gives higher work load for the school health nurse. Conclusions. The study shows that more research needs to be done in order to increase the knowledges about inequalities in health. By increasing the knowledges resources can be distributed in an equal way and inequalities in health can be levelled up, especially for adolescents.

Thesis (MSc. (Statistics)) -- University of Limpopo, 2022 / Under-Five Mortality (U5M) remains a major health challenge in most sub Saharan African countries including SouthAfrica,despite the significant progress made in child survival and the government’s efforts and commitment to reduce U5M. The failure of achieving the fourth Millennium Development Goal (MDG) by 2015 has led to an implementation of Sustainable Development Goal 3 (SDG3) which aims to have no more than 25 deaths per 1000 live births by 2030. To achieve this goal, more information is needed. Hence, the purpose of this study was to apply count models to identify the determinants of underfive mortality rate in South Africa. To identify these determinants, the study reviewed generalized linear models and utilised the 2016 South African Demographic and Health Survey data. The models studied were Logistic Regression (LR), Poisson Regression (PR) and Negative Binomial Regression (NBR). The findings revealed that baby postnatal check-up, child’s health prior discharge, child birth size, toilet facility, maternal education, province, residence and water source were significantly associated with U5M in South Africa. It was further concluded that children who are at high risk of dying before the age of five are those who did not attend their postnatal check-up within the first two months, those whose health was not checked prior discharge, whose birth size was very small, whose household utilised bucket toilets, who resided in Western Cape, North West and Mpumalanga province, who resided in urban areas as well as those whose household utilized piped, tube well and spring water as source of drinking water. / Department of Science and Technology(DST) National Research Foundation Centre of excellence in mathematical and statistical sciences(CoE-NasS) of South Africa.

The purpose of this dissertation is to utilize an intersectional approach to determine what external factors (social, political, and economic) contribute to the health challenges of black heterosexual women and black queer women in the American South. The dissertation made a comparison between black heterosexual women and black queer women to explore whether their health challenges result from their social, political, and economic experiences. The research further examined how the daily experiences of these black women impact their health. This dissertation found that the daily lives of black heterosexual and black queer women associated with their social, economic, and political experiences create vulnerability in the health challenges of these populations. The dissertation also found that black queer women appear to become a sub-population whose health is poorer than their black heterosexual female counterparts because they suffer additional challenges, in the form of isolation and stigmatization, resulting from their sexual orientation in the American South.

No description available.

The ongoing war in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) has caused sustained trauma on a number of levels and stressors that could easily have debilitating consequences on the mental health of Congolese citizens. The literature further reveals that immigration brings with it a host of additional stressors. The stress related to immigration, an appreciation of diverse cultural understandings of mental health, the burdens and costs of adequate mental health policy and provisioning within developing countries, are concepts that are not well understood nor fully documented. The present study explored the cultural understanding and help-seeking behaviours of Congolese immigrants in South Africa. The purpose of the study was to understand the ways in which Congolese cope with stressors related to immigration. Using SocialIdentity Theory as a partial conceptual framework, the role of acculturation processes in their understanding and help-seeking behaviours regarding mental health challenges, were examined. A platform for participants to suggest suitable ways of responding to improving the management of mental challenges in their community was provided. A qualitative approach, based on Participatory Action Research (PAR) and content analysis to explore the emerging narratives, was used with a Gauteng-based sample to gather the accounts of the lived experiences of Congolese immigrants. A snowball sampling technique enabled twenty-seven respondents to participate in one paired conversation and five focus groups. The emerging findings are critically discussed aligned to the six categories of inquiry structured by the interview schedule, namely, coping strategies since immigration, the understanding of mental health challenges, the possible impact of being immersed in the South African culture, perceptions of mental challenges and persons affected within the Congolese community, the preferred help-seeking behaviours regarding mental health challenges and, finally, their recommendations for improving the management of mental health challenges. The layered meta-analysis of the data consisted of interrogating the thematic categories, then conducting an analytical review aligned to both the pertinent research aim and objectives, as well as related theoretical positions and research findings. v | P a g e The key research question underpinning this study was formulated as follows: “Will immigrating from the DRC to South Africa change the understanding and help-seeking behaviours of Congolese?” The study drew on the processes of acculturation from Social Identity Theory to examine these processes. Participants reported experiencing the effects of acculturation but in different ways. Patterns of assimilation, separation and integration were found. The study therefore served to contribute to our understanding of the effects of acculturation with regard to the cultural understanding and help-seeking behaviours of Congolese immigrants in South Africa regarding mental health. Most significantly, the assumption of high levels of trauma and stress within this vulnerable community were unfounded. Rich and complex survival strategies have emerged requiring refinement of our knowledge about migrant communities. The strengths and relative weaknesses of the study are shared as well as a set of recommendations for future research in this domain. / Psychology / M. Sc.(Psychology)