<p>Hälsa och motion är något som allt fler blivit medvetna om. Motionens hälsobetydelse är idag även vetenskapligt belagd, regelbunden fysisk aktivitet förbättrar hälsan och leder till bättre välbefinnande. Även företagen har uppmärksammat detta då de bland annat har introducerat en s.k. träningssubvention.</p><p>En konkurrensanalys av hälsoföretag (organisationer, föreningar) i Gävleområdet anser vi vara ett ämne som ligger i tiden. Ämnet känns även aktuellt eftersom Högskolan i Gävle satsar på hälsoprofilen ”Hälsofrämjande arbetsliv”, vilken är en av forskningsprofilerna som Högskolan i Gävle ska satsa på att utveckla inom tre till fem år. Hälsoprofilen omfattar forskning och utbildning med inriktning mot olika hälsoaspekter i arbetslivet.</p><p>Syftet med vår studie är att beskriva och analysera hur konkurrenssituationen ser ut för fyra hälsoföretag på Gävlemarknaden. Vi göra en konkurrensanalys utifrån ett marknadsmässigt perspektiv.</p><p>Med hjälp av kvalitativa data undersöker vi hur konkurrenssituationen ser ut. Detta gör vi genom intervjuer med de olika företagen. Angående sekundärdata har vi använt olika böcker inom ämnet marknadsföring.</p><p>De organisationer vi har valt att ta med i vår konkurrensanalys är World Class, Korpen, Friskis&Svettis och Valbo Sportcentrum. För att kunna jämföra de olika företagen kommer vi att utgå från marknadsföringsmixen. I den senare delen av studien analyserar vi företagen med hjälp av Porters modell om konkurrensanalysens komponenter samt med hjälp av marknadsföringsmixen.</p><p>Vår studie visar att företagen har vissa likheter men även en mängd olikheter angående marknadsföringen och de olika komponenterna för en framgångsrik verksamhet. Vi anser att företagen borde framhäva sina skillnader i utbudet gentemot varandra mer i sin marknadsföring.</p><p>Denna studie kan dock inte sägas vara representativ för alla hälsoföretag i Gävle området eftersom vi endast valt ut fyra av dessa.</p><p>Slutligen redogörs de slutsatser som vi dragit efter att ha sammanställt empiri, teori och analys. Vidare har vi svarat på våra frågeställningar och försökt att ge konkreta förslag samt vägt in våra egna tankar och reflektioner.</p> / <p>Health and exercise are issues that more and more people have become aware of. Today the impact of exercise on our health has been documented scientifically – regular physical activities improve our health and leads to an increased wellbeing. The companies have also acknowledged this, for example by introducing a so called exercise subvention.</p><p>A competition analysis of health companies (organizations, associations) in the Gävle area is a topic that we consider timely. This topic is also of current interest as the University of Gävle is introducing the health profile “Health promoting working life”, which is one of the research profiles that the University of Gävle will be developing within three to five years. This health profile will include research and education focused on different health aspects in the working life.</p><p>The aim of our study is to describe and analyze what the competitive situation is like for four health companies on the Gävle market. We will conduct a competitive analysis based on the conditions of the market.</p><p>We will use qualitative data to go over what the competitive situation looks like. This will be conducted by interviews with the different companies. For secondary data we have used various literature within the subject of marketing.</p><p>Vi kommer med hjälp av kvalitativ data undersöka hur konkurrenssituationen ser ut. Detta kommer vi att göra genom intervjuer med de olika företagen. Angående sekundärdata har vi använts oss av olika böcker inom ämnet marknadsföring.</p><p>The organizations that we have chosen for our competition analysis are World Class, Korpen, Friskis&Svettis and Valbo Sportcentrum. Our comparison of the different companies will be based on the marketing mix. In the latter part of the study we are going to analyze the companies using Porter’s model about the components of competition analysis as well as the marketing mix.</p><p>The result that we have reached from this study was that the companies share some similarities but also have a number of differences as regards their marketing and the different components that leads to a successful company. We are of the opinion that the companies should focus their marketing on emphasising their unique selections, in comparison with the other companies.</p><p>This study can not, however, be said to represent all health companies in the Gävle area, as we have only chosen four of them.</p><p>Finally, the conclusions that we have come to, once empiricism, theory and analysis have all been put together, are described. Furthermore, we have answered our queries, tried to give tangible proposals, and accounted for our own thoughts and reflections.</p>

Hälsa och motion är något som allt fler blivit medvetna om. Motionens hälsobetydelse är idag även vetenskapligt belagd, regelbunden fysisk aktivitet förbättrar hälsan och leder till bättre välbefinnande. Även företagen har uppmärksammat detta då de bland annat har introducerat en s.k. träningssubvention. En konkurrensanalys av hälsoföretag (organisationer, föreningar) i Gävleområdet anser vi vara ett ämne som ligger i tiden. Ämnet känns även aktuellt eftersom Högskolan i Gävle satsar på hälsoprofilen ”Hälsofrämjande arbetsliv”, vilken är en av forskningsprofilerna som Högskolan i Gävle ska satsa på att utveckla inom tre till fem år. Hälsoprofilen omfattar forskning och utbildning med inriktning mot olika hälsoaspekter i arbetslivet. Syftet med vår studie är att beskriva och analysera hur konkurrenssituationen ser ut för fyra hälsoföretag på Gävlemarknaden. Vi göra en konkurrensanalys utifrån ett marknadsmässigt perspektiv. Med hjälp av kvalitativa data undersöker vi hur konkurrenssituationen ser ut. Detta gör vi genom intervjuer med de olika företagen. Angående sekundärdata har vi använt olika böcker inom ämnet marknadsföring. De organisationer vi har valt att ta med i vår konkurrensanalys är World Class, Korpen, Friskis&amp;Svettis och Valbo Sportcentrum. För att kunna jämföra de olika företagen kommer vi att utgå från marknadsföringsmixen. I den senare delen av studien analyserar vi företagen med hjälp av Porters modell om konkurrensanalysens komponenter samt med hjälp av marknadsföringsmixen. Vår studie visar att företagen har vissa likheter men även en mängd olikheter angående marknadsföringen och de olika komponenterna för en framgångsrik verksamhet. Vi anser att företagen borde framhäva sina skillnader i utbudet gentemot varandra mer i sin marknadsföring. Denna studie kan dock inte sägas vara representativ för alla hälsoföretag i Gävle området eftersom vi endast valt ut fyra av dessa. Slutligen redogörs de slutsatser som vi dragit efter att ha sammanställt empiri, teori och analys. Vidare har vi svarat på våra frågeställningar och försökt att ge konkreta förslag samt vägt in våra egna tankar och reflektioner. / Health and exercise are issues that more and more people have become aware of. Today the impact of exercise on our health has been documented scientifically – regular physical activities improve our health and leads to an increased wellbeing. The companies have also acknowledged this, for example by introducing a so called exercise subvention. A competition analysis of health companies (organizations, associations) in the Gävle area is a topic that we consider timely. This topic is also of current interest as the University of Gävle is introducing the health profile “Health promoting working life”, which is one of the research profiles that the University of Gävle will be developing within three to five years. This health profile will include research and education focused on different health aspects in the working life. The aim of our study is to describe and analyze what the competitive situation is like for four health companies on the Gävle market. We will conduct a competitive analysis based on the conditions of the market. We will use qualitative data to go over what the competitive situation looks like. This will be conducted by interviews with the different companies. For secondary data we have used various literature within the subject of marketing. Vi kommer med hjälp av kvalitativ data undersöka hur konkurrenssituationen ser ut. Detta kommer vi att göra genom intervjuer med de olika företagen. Angående sekundärdata har vi använts oss av olika böcker inom ämnet marknadsföring. The organizations that we have chosen for our competition analysis are World Class, Korpen, Friskis&amp;Svettis and Valbo Sportcentrum. Our comparison of the different companies will be based on the marketing mix. In the latter part of the study we are going to analyze the companies using Porter’s model about the components of competition analysis as well as the marketing mix. The result that we have reached from this study was that the companies share some similarities but also have a number of differences as regards their marketing and the different components that leads to a successful company. We are of the opinion that the companies should focus their marketing on emphasising their unique selections, in comparison with the other companies. This study can not, however, be said to represent all health companies in the Gävle area, as we have only chosen four of them. Finally, the conclusions that we have come to, once empiricism, theory and analysis have all been put together, are described. Furthermore, we have answered our queries, tried to give tangible proposals, and accounted for our own thoughts and reflections.

MPH / Department of Public Health / HIV/AIDS is an overwhelming global pandemic that affects the country’s health-care system. In order to reduce HIV/AIDS morbidity and mortality, the World Health Organization has called on countries to provide earlier access to antiretroviral therapy. In order to comply with the World Health Organization’s call, South Africa has developed the National Consolidated Guidelines, which were aimed at increasing access to ART as well as reducing new infections through viral suppression. Although the new guidelines have been implemented, they have not been fully implemented, especially in rural-based Primary Health Care facilities. The researcher observed that women who were pregnant were not tested every three months, as prescribed by the HIV/AIDS guidelines. The aim of this study was to investigate Challenges faced by health professionals regarding the implementation of HIV/AIDS guidelines at PHC facilities of Vhembe District, South Africa. This study adopted a qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual approach targeting nurses working at rural-based primary health care facilities at Vhembe District. Face-to face in-depth, Semistructured interviews were conducted, audiotaped and transcribed verbatim. The study used non-probability quota sampling method to identify participants until data saturation was reached with 12 participants. The results revealed that nurses faced some challenges when implementing HIV/AIDS guidelines, including shortages of resources, poor technical support, poor infrastructure, work overload, patients starting ART while there are not ready, shortage of ART, late booking of antenatal care, and mothers’ denial of HIV positive status, HIV positive babies, and poor RPC after birth. Ethical considerations were observed throughout the study. The data collected was analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis and all measures to ensure trustworthiness of the study findings were ensured. Some recommendations were made based on the findings of the study / NRF

yes / All successful programmes share goal-setting as a standard practice, and many write their goal statements to satisfy the S.M.A.R.T. criteria. To be SMART, objective statements should be constructed to specify four components: Outcome, Indicator, Target-level and Timeframe (O.I.T.T.). This study reviewed the goal framework of published objective statements to determine the extent to which they are SMART. The statements of 17 published examples of SMART objectives found in literature of mainly four major health organisations: CDC, WHO, NHS and Save the Children, were structurally analysed to measure the completeness of their goal framework according to the OITT components. Only four examples are outcome objectives. 13 (76%) are process or task oriented. The structure of two thirds of the statements shows the similar objective-writing templates used within CDC. All objective statements have an incomplete set of OITT components. The commonest framework has 3 components of indicator, target and timeframe (75% completeness) in 12 statements. Almost all statements specify a timeframe; three-quarter of them mention a target and three-fifth an indicator, but less than 1 in 5 state an outcome. Thus, none of the objective statement is really SMART, and goal-setters are significantly less likely to specify an outcome, than indicator, target or timeframe in their objectives. A high prevalence of non-SMART objectives with low potential for goal attainment in healthcare projects is proposed.

Health care providers internationally are facing challenges surrounding the delivery of high quality, cost effective services. The use of integrated electronic information systems is seen by many people working in the health sector as a way to address some of the associated issues. In New Zealand the primary health care sector has been restructured to follow a population based care model and provides services through not-for-profit Primary Health Organisations (PHOs). PHOs, together with their District Health Boards (DHBs), contributing service providers, and local communities, are responsible for the care of their enrolled populations. The Ministry of Health (MoH) is streamlining information sharing in this environment through improvements to computer based information systems (IS). By providing health professionals with improved access to required information within an appropriate time frame, services can be targeted efficiently and effectively and patient health outcomes potentially improved. However, the adoption of IS in health care has been slower than in other industries. Therefore, a thorough knowledge of health care professionals’ attitudes to, and use of, available IS is currently needed to contribute to the development of appropriate systems. This research employs a multiple case study strategy to establish the usage of IS by three New Zealand PHOs and their member primary health care providers (PHPs), with a focus on the role of IS in clinical decision support (CDS). A mixed method approach including semi-structured interviews and postal surveys was used in the study. Firstly, the research develops and applies a survey tool based on an adaptation of an existing framework, for the study of IT sophistication in the organisations. This provides the foundation for an in-depth study of the use of computerised CDS (eCDS) in the PHO environment. Secondly, a conceptual model of eCDS utilisation is presented, illustrating the variation of eCDS use by member general practitioner (GP) practices within individual organisations. Thirdly, five areas of importance for improving eCDS utilisation within PHO’s are identified, contributing information of use to organisations, practitioners, planners, and systems developers. Lastly, the research provides a structure for the study of the domain of eCDS in PHOs by presenting a research approach and information specific for the area.