Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Hong Kong, 200.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2005. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Northern Iowa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 23-24). Also available online (PDF file) by a subscription to the set or by purchasing the individual file.

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Northern Iowa, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 23-24).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wyoming, 2008. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on Nov. 10, 2009). Includes bibliographical references (p. 60-73).

Orientador: Alexandre César Rodrigues da Silva / Coorientador: Aledir Silveira Pereira / Banca: Rodrigo Capobianco Guido / Banca: Guaraci Silveira Garcia / Resumo: O objetivo principal da avaliação fetal anteparto por meio da variabilidade de curto prazo (VCP) da frequência cardíaca fetal (FCF) é auxiliar no monitoramento fetal em gestações normais e de risco, evitando maior número de morte-fetal, atuando de forma preventiva evitando que gestantes e fetos sofram durante a gestação. O Sistema de Monitoramento e Análise da Variabilidade a Curto Prazo da Frequência Cardíaca Fetal proposto é um método não invasivo oferecendo recursos acessíveis para que especialistas obtenham mais informações, para que gestantes normais e com gravidez de alto risco tenham maior segurança em suas gestações. Poderá atuar de forma remota, preventiva e acessível a todas gestantes, eliminando as dificuldades oferecidas pelo estresse da vida moderna causados pela locomoção até as clínicas e hospitais, eliminando também o risco para sua saúde com a circulação em ambientes hospitalares para realização de exames cardiotocográficos durante o anteparto. Atualmente vivemos em mundo globalizado onde os recursos de comunicação sem fio são acessíveis, rápidos e seguros. O sistema proposto poderá ser implantado em dispositivos de processamento remoto, disponibilizando para obstetras e ginecologistas a análise de exames da FCF e VCP em tempo real, sem a necessidade da remoção da gestante do estado de repouso no conforto do lar para a clínicas ou hospitais. Ampliando ainda, as possibilidades de gestações de sucesso com a redução dos procedimentos atuais causando deslocamentos e estresse, reduz-se também as possibilidades que estes transtornos causem maior sofrimento fetal / Abstract: The main objective of fetal assessment antepartum through short-term variability (STV) of the fetal heart rate (FHR) is to assist in fetal monitoring in normal and risk pregnancies, avoiding more fetal deaths, acting preventively in preventing pregnant women and fetuses to suffer during pregnancy. The proposed Fetal Heart Rate Short-term Variability Analysis and Monitoring System is a noninvasivemethod, which offers accessible resources for specialists to get more information so that healthy pregnant women and high-risk pregnancies have security increased in their pregnancies. It may act in a remote, preventive and acesssible way to all pregnant women, by eliminating the difficulties offered by the stress of modern life caused by transporting to clinics and hospitals, also eliminating the risk to their health with the circulation in hospitals for performing cardiotocography tests during the antepartum. As we have currently lived in a globalized world, where wireless communication resources are cheap, fast and safe, the proposed system can be deployed in remote processing devices, providing obstetricians and gynecologists examination analysis of FHR and STV in real time without the need of pregnant women to leave the resting state in the comfort of their home, to go to clinics or hospitals and also expanding the chances of successful pregnancies by reducing current procedures which cause displacement and stress as well as reducing up the possibilities of these disorders to cause increased fetal distress / Mestre

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between training heart rate (THR) and the HR occurring at the Aerobic Threshold (AerTHR), and to examine the AerT as an index of training intensity in selected coronary artery disease (CAD), post-myocardial infarction (MI), and post-coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS) patients. Twenty male subjects (age=54.9; wt=73.7 kg; %body fat=25.8) were recruited on the basis of regular participation in a cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) (3/week at 70 - 85% HRmax) for 6 months; no beta-adrenergic medication; and symptom-free during exercise. Field measurements of THR during the aerobic phase at CRP was carried out by computer-assisted portable telemetry with mean THR computed from each 30 minute value per subject. A maximal treadmill test starting at 2.5 mph at 0% grade with speed increasing 0.5 mph each minute was carried out using a Beckman MMC for 30 second determinations of respiratory gas values. The AerT was determined by visual inspection of the first departure from linearity of Ve and excess CO₂. VO₂max was 35.6 ±5.6 ml/kg/min⁻¹, with HRmax 166.2 ±11.8 bpm. Paired t-tests were performed; AerTHR was 124.8 ±15.3 bpm with THR 133.7 ±13.4 bpm (p < .03). Percent HRmaxAerT was 75.1 ±8.05 and %HRmaxTHR was 80.6 ±8.3 (p < .03). Mean %VO₂maxAerT (54.4 ±6.7) is consistent with other reported data showing .lower values in less trained individuals. Stepwise correlations were performed, and a regression equation was produced to predict AerT grom HRmax, height, and weight with a multiple r = .74 (p < .01). These data suggest that in this population, THR, as calculated by the relative percentage of maximum method, produces training intensities above the AerT expressed as absolute or relative percents of HRmax. This finding may have implications for optimal body fat reductions, patient compliance to the exercise program, and safety in CRP's. / Education, Faculty of / Curriculum and Pedagogy (EDCP), Department of / Graduate

This study dealt with the effect on various athletic parameters, of small alcoholic dosages (.2cc of 95% alcohol per lb. of body weight, consumed nightly over a period of ten days. Adult, male athletes (ten runners and one swimmer with a mean age of 31 (SD±3.9)) who trained regularly were used as subjects. The subjects performed a battery of five tests: pull-ups, jump reach, reaction time, hand grip strength, and six minute bicycle ergometer test (1206 kpm). Heart rate response during the first and second minutes and during the fifth and sixth minutes were used as indicators of physiological response to submaximal exercise. Each subject served as his own control. Six of the subjects were tested under the control and then the experimental condition; the other five were tested in the reverse order. Pre and post-tests were administered before and after-each ten day period (experimental and control) to examine the magnitude of change. In the experimental condition each subject consumed .2cc of 95% alcohol/lb. of body weight in a 20% solution each night. Otherwise, the subjects did not alter their daily routine. During the control condition, each subject continued his daily routine for ten days without including alcohol in his diet. The post-test following the experimental condition was administered 15-24 hours after the last alcohol dosage. This delay period was chosen because it was long enough to ensure that the effects of the last drink were eliminated, but soon enough to allow any possible accumulative effect to still be present. To determine whether physical training resulted in a change in performance the magnitude of change during the control was evaluated and found to be non-significant for ail parameters except, hand grip. To determine Whether repeated testing resulted in a change in performance due to learning or other factors, the difference between pre-test scores (tests one and three) was evaluated and again found to be non-significant for all parameters except hand grip. To evaluate the possible accumulative effect on performance of ten days of alcohol consumption, the magnitude of difference between change scores (post-test minus pretest) in the experimental and control periods was analyzed. No significant differences were found in any of the performances. It was concluded that within the limits maintained in this study, the daily consumption of small doses of alcohol has no accumulative effect on physical performance as measured by reaction time, pull-ups, jump reach, hand grip strength, and heart rate response to submaximal exercise.

The relationship between training intensities and fitness gains was selected as a topic for analysis in this study. Forty-six college men served as subjects in one of three groups: a jogging, or moderate intensity, training group, a running, or high intensity, training group, or a control group. All subjects were pre- and post-tested on the Astrand Bike Ergometer Work Test where working heart rates were measured and recorded. The two training groups participated in at least thirteen training sessions between these testing days, in which two miles were covered at the correct intensity level for each subject at each training session. A review of the literature revealed that most researchers embraced the concept of a minimal threshold of training stimulus needed to be met or exceeded by subjects for significant cardiovascular fitness gains to occur. Conclusions about the absolute level of this threshold varied from a low of 120 heartbeats per minute to at least 150 heartbeats per minute, depending apparently upon the experimental evidence each researcher had gathered. The author hypothesized that there existed a continuum of training stimuli such that training at higher intensities would produce larger heart rate decrements (a cardiovascular fitness index) than at moderate training intensities, but that moderate intensities would also produce significant gains. Furthermore, wide variations in heart rate decrements were expected to be observed within any one group, possibly indicating differences in initial fitnesses of subjects. The factual results of the study were: Both experimental groups and the control group exhibited significant decrements in heart rates from pre-test to post-test although the experimental groups' gains were significant at a higher confidence level. Explanations were posited about the possible factors which might have unpredictably caused the control group to have shown significant improvement. The moderate intensity training group exhibited a larger decrement in heart rate than the high intensity training group, although the difference was not statistically significant. There, indeed, was a wide variation of heart rate responses among individuals within any one group, possible indicating initial fitness differences. In light of the results derived from this study, the author can only conclude: Significant decreases in submaximal workload heart rates may be expected to be observed in American college men after training at moderate to high intensity levels (150 beats per minute or higher) for relatively short training periods (two days per week for eight weeks). Large fluctuations in fitness responses among subjects within any one training group can be expected, due probably to individual differences in initial fitnesses. The task of training large numbers of subjects at specified intensity levels within a fairly realistic physical education setting seems to have been a fruitful approach.

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