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Thesis (doctoral)--Stockholm School of Economics, 1981. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (doctoral)--Stockholm School of Economics, 1981. / Extra t.p. with thesis statement inserted. Includes bibliographical references.

Universidade Federal do Cearà / O objetivo desta pesquisa à mostrar como os estados brasileiros comercializam seus produtos com o resto do mundo. A fundamentaÃÃo teÃrica vem do teorema de Heckscher-Ohlin, teoria que pressupÃe que um paÃs ou regiÃo tende a se especializar na produÃÃo de bens cujo fator de produÃÃo mais abundante à utilizado mais intensivamente. Avaliou-se o padrÃo de comÃrcio de 15 produtos da pesquisa industrial anual - PIA e foi constatado que grande parte da produÃÃo depende do fator de produÃÃo capital humano. EntÃo, os estados brasileiros que detÃm este fator de produÃÃo em abundÃncia, deverÃo concentrar sua produÃÃo nos produtos que utilizam este fator intensivamente. Desta forma, este estado terà competitividade internacional. O mesmo raciocÃnio pode ser aplicado na variÃvel forÃa de trabalho, pois os estados nacionais que detÃm este fator em abundÃncia, deverÃo se concentrar na produÃÃo de produtos que utilizem este fator de produÃÃo intensivamente. / The objective of this research is to show how the Brazilian states trade their products worldwide. The theoretical framework is based upon the theorem of Heckscher-Ohlin in which a country or region tends to specialize in the production of a good in which the abundant factor of production is more intensively used. this research evaluates to trade patterns of 15 products of the Annual Industrial Research and it was evidenced that great part of the production depends on the factor production human capital. Therefore, the Brazilian states that are abundant on this production factor tends to concentrate its production in the products that use this factor intensively, this way, the sate will be internationaly competitive. In the same way for the work force, therefore the national states that are endowed with this factor in abundance tends to concentrate its production in the products that uses this factor of production intensively.

El objetivo de la primera parte es de investigar diferencias de productividad entre países de una perspectiva de economía abierta utilizando un modelo de equilibrio mundial con comercio internacional. Este enfoque me permite de combinar métodos de la literatura de crecimiento y de la de comercio internacional. Utilizando datos de BIP, precios de factores y del contenido de factores del comercio internacional para estimar el modelo, encuentro que los países desarrolados tienen productividades del factor capital humano sustantialmente más altas que los países en via de desarollo, mientras que diferencias en la productividad del factor capital no parecen de ser sistematicamente relacionados con el BIP per capita. Tambien estimo la forma de la función de produción agregada y la elasticidad de sustitución entre capital humano y capital físico está significativamente por debajo de uno. Este resultado rechaza un mundo que consiste de una coleción de economías Cobb-Douglas y tambien uno en el que comercio al estilo Heckscher-Ohlin es importante. En el capítulo dos, desarollo un método para estimar diferencias de productividad entre países al nivel sectorial utilizando datos de comercio. Aplicando esta metodología obtengo estimadores de productividades sectoriales en 24 sectores y más de 60 países que se encuentran en diferentes fases de desarollo. Un resultado importante es que las diferencias de productividad sectorial entre países ricos y pobres son grandes en términos medios, pero que tambien existe una importante variación entre sectores - las diferencias de productividad son más elevadas en sectores intensivos en investigación ó en capital humano. Finalmente utilizo las productividades estimadas para evaluar varias teorías de desarollo que tienen implicaciones para la forma de diferencias de productividad sectorial.

Submitted by Heron Rios (heronrios@hotmail.com) on 2016-07-01T19:11:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Heron.pdf: 563884 bytes, checksum: cd598c114b3e74baead49d968928dd82 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by GILSON ROCHA MIRANDA (gilson.miranda@fgv.br) on 2016-07-04T14:27:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Heron.pdf: 563884 bytes, checksum: cd598c114b3e74baead49d968928dd82 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Almeida (maria.socorro@fgv.br) on 2016-07-13T12:00:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Heron.pdf: 563884 bytes, checksum: cd598c114b3e74baead49d968928dd82 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T12:00:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Heron.pdf: 563884 bytes, checksum: cd598c114b3e74baead49d968928dd82 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-31 / The Import Substitution Process in Latin Amer ica was an attempt to enhance GDP growth and productivity by rising trade barriers upon capital-intensive products. Our main goal is to analyze how an increase in import tariff on a particular type of good affects the production choices and trade pattern of an economy. We develop an extension of the dynamic Heckscher-Ohlin model – a combination of a static two goods, two-factor Heckscher-Ohlin model and a two-sector growth model – allowing for import tariff. We then calibrate the closed economy model to the US. The results show that the economy will produce less of both consumption and investment goods under autarky for low and high levels of capital stock per worker. We also find that total GDP may be lower under free trade in comparison to autarky.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:21:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo6120_1.pdf: 6376573 bytes, checksum: 08f9add4a87b14ebdd9e070992ed72d8 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / A abertura econômica iniciada na década de 90 provocou no Brasil e suas regiões mudanças significativas no comércio exterior. Paralelamente, ampliou-se no país as ofertas de educação formal, seguidas de movimentos de mundialização do capital e crescimento do comércio mundial. Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o comércio exterior da Região Nordeste como um todo e de cada estado da região separadamente sob a ótica da especialização e das vantagens comparativas, tendo por referencial a teoria de Heckscher- Ohlin adaptada para a versão do Capital Humano. Os resultados encontrados confirmam os pressupostos de H-O, comprovando que o comércio da região Nordeste, e da maioria dos seus estados, segue os princípios de dotação de fatores e vantagens comparativas

Applying the concept of comparative advantage in the allocation of production has been required but ignored in Canadian supply-managed agriculture. There seems to be a lack of consensus among economists on how comparative advantage is to be observed and applied in this context. It is also not clear whether the recent changes in the environmental pressures from agriculture across Canada might have contributed to changes in the patterns of comparative advantage in primary dairy production. Linking the concept of individual comparative advantage with the concept of the market as an information discovery process through comprehensive microeconomic general equilibrium modeling, deductive reasoning, and statistical analysis of recent industry data has shown (1) that changes in individual comparative advantage in supply-managed industries are expressed through quota exchange and revealed through quota prices, and (2) that environmental externalities may change the patterns of comparative advantage. The current provincial quota prices, as the appropriate indicators of comparative advantage, suggest that more quota should be allocated to British Columbia and Alberta. / Canadian Dairy Commission, Toronto Milk Producers, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs

Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 15, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Dr. Vitor Trindade. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2006. / Title from first page of PDF file. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-129).