Disertační práce zkoumá a hodnotí vliv vnějších a vnitřních faktorů, které působily na formulování zahraničně politického postoje Mexika vůči Kubě během období od roku 1958 do 1976. K tomu využívá metodu analýzy na hladinách: mezinárodní systém, stát, vnitrostátní prostředí a jednotlivec. Soustřeďuje se na témata jako je hegemonické postavení USA na americkém kontinentu, vývoj na Kubě, postavení Mexika v regionu, vnitrostátní režim vlády jedné strany - PRI, vč. historického vývoje, který ovlivnil tehdejší koncepci zahraniční politiky. Ukazuje, že v určitých obdobích domácí faktory zásadně ovlivnily postoj Mexika k revoluční Kubě.

Tato diplomová práce zkoumá zahraniční politiku a postavení Sýrie v regionu Blízkého východu. Její směřování bylo do značné míry ovlivňováno válečným stavem s Izraelem a panarabskou rétorikou. Tato práce určuje hlavní body zahraniční politiky Sýrie vůči sousedním státům, stejně tak vůči Íránu. Role Sýrie v oblasti Blízkého východu vyplývala z vytváření konkrétních aliancí se sousedními státy, ale do značné míry byla také ovlivněna rozpadem Sovětského svazu a přechodem k unipolaritě.

On the base of the theoretical concept of hegemony, the work tries to discover whether the United States and China can be considered a leaving, respectively rising hegemonic power in Africa. The theoretical part is based on the conception of hegemony by Immanuel Wallerstein and Robert Gilpin and sets an analytic framework for the identification of four groups of indicators - political, economic, military and cultural ones. The results of the research confirmed China as a rising hegemon and United States as an actual hegemonic power in Africa.

The thesis deals with analysis of China with respect to its potential hegemony which is defined by three various attributes. Firstly, the economic attribute examines the economic performance of the country, formed by GDP level and its several components. Concerning foreign trade, the most essential part is the country's import situation. As for the financial attribute, it is observed how elements of hegemony interact with the usage of China's currency as the world's key currency and the effects of developed financial or capital markets. The last attribute is concerned with the diplomatic position of the country, determined by the level of military expenditures and its voting power within various international institutions.

This thesis tries to historize the phenomenon of teaching religion in the Czech lands, especially in the period 1950-1956. In the first part of the thesis, the subject of interest is the analysis of the relationship between the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (CPCZ) and the Roman Catholic Church in order to create an appropriate framework for the empirical part. The second part of the thesis describes both the CPCZ strategy in the field of religious education and the concrete social practice associated with their implementation. As a result, the study maps a certain imaginary space between the ideological claim and the daily practice that is created in communication between communist elites, church secretaries, local officials, teachers and directors, church representatives, and believers themselves. The thesis concludes that in socialist education there was a certain effort to use religious teaching in the sense of socialist upbringing. However, since the end of the first half of the 1950s, this effort has been gradually reduced and all signs of the normality of teaching religion should have been reduced to a minimum, but the study shows that local practice has not always achieved this claim. It has always been limited by an effort not to go beyond the "legality" framework that could jeopardize...

The thesis deals with comparing China and United States in terms of their potential hegemonic status. A country can be considered as a hegemonic country only if it fulfills various attributes. Its economic leadership is defined by consistency of inner market and by generated imports. Those are supported by advanced financial market and national currency, which is also considered as a world currency. Institutional scope is summarized by privileged position of its army and it defines hegemonic country as a center of innovation and technological progress.

(in English): During adolescence, a person's value orientations towards society, employment, and the economy are being shaped significantly. The educational system plays an important role in this maturing of a person's values in that it provides key social orientation in the form of knowledge, consciousness, or opinions. The theory of cultural and social reproduction was among the first analyses of critical education that drew attention to the fact that this mediation of orientation serves for the maintaining (reproduction) of social inequalities in society. The basic question of education according to these analyses of critical education thus is not what knowledge we get at school, but rather whose knowledge. In the Czech Republic, ca. 73% of pupils go through secondary vocational training. After graduation, most of these pupils are the first to enter the world of paid labor at a relatively early age. Between 2004 and 2012, intermediate vocational training underwent a change of system in the form of the implementation of curriculum reform in connection with the adoption of Act No. 561 / 2004 Coll. on Preschool, Elementary, Secondary, Tertiary Vocational, and Other Education. Curriculum reform enabled various social agents to influence the goals and content of education at the national level...

Gesellschaftliche Erfahrung wird in einen aufsteigenden und einen absteigenden Kommunikationsprozess zwischen einfachen, mittleren und komplexen Teilöffentlichkeiten organisiert, der hier als 'ideologische Öffentlichkeit' bezeichnet wird. Deren Akteure sind eine Vielzahl antagonistischer Medien, deren unterschiedliche Positionen in den Massenmedien gemäß ihren unterschiedliche Machtressourcen verdichtet repräsentiert sind. Zudem gehören zur ideologischen Öffentlichkeit kompromissbildende Werte, wie etwa Unparteilichkeit, herrschaftsfreier Diskurs, Presseethiken, die eine überwölbende 'bürgerliche Öffentlichkeit' bilden. Deren Repräsentation nehmen die Massenmedien einerseits für sich in Anspruch; sie kann aber auch von den antagonistischen Medien der unteren Ebenen der Öffentlichkeit an ihnen vorbei in Anspruch genommen werden. Der Effekt dieser komplexen Anlage ideologischer Öffentlichkeit ist es, ein Gemeinwesen zu behaupten, wo dieses angesichts antagonistischer Sozialbeziehungen nicht existiert und so zur Reproduktion gesellschaftlicher Antagonismen beizutragen. Die emanzipatorische Form von Öffentlichkeit bestimmt sich dann als 'anti-ideologisch' und ist einem Erfahrungswachstum verpflichtet.

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(in English) The author tries to describe the transformation of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in relation to itself and the surrounding environment, especially in the period from 17th November to 21st December 1989. He will use primarily the articles from Rudé právo and a stenographic record of the unscheduled session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia on 24th and 26th November 1989 which was published under the name Poslední hurá. He considers it appropriate to put into context the events of November and December 1989, with political development in Czechoslovakia in January, at the turn of June and July, and in October 1989. This analysis attempt will be based on the principles of general linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and discourse theory of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. The combination of hegemonic analysis and deconstruction will be used as a method of workflow. When analyzing the transformation of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, the author attempts to rely primarily on three principles deriving from discourse theory. The identity is not a fixed essence but it is created in the political struggles of the content of specific concepts. There have been attempts to fully fixate the identity of individuals, groups, society. But the identity is...