Bibliography: leaves 185-200. / xvi, 200 leaves : ill. ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / The herbicides norflurazon, oxadiazon, oxyfluoren, trifluralin and simazine used in South Australian viticulture were assessed for mobility and degradation through a combination of laboratory and field experiments. Sorption, leaching and dissipation rates were measured, as was presence in shallow groundwater. The fate of herbicides from vine to wine was also investigated, tests being conducted on herbicide residue in both white and red grapes and presence in wine. A proposal for good environmental management of herbicide use in vineyards to minimise the effects of herbicides was also developed. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Environmental Science and Management, 2000

Thesis (M.S.)--Auburn University, 2007. / Abstract. Vita. Includes bibliographic references (ℓ. 69-74)

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniv. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (M.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2009. / Title from PDF title page; viewed on June 11, 2009. "May 2009." "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree [of] Master of Science in Agriculture with specialization in Plant Protection Science." "Presented to the faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo." Major professor: Terry L. Vassey, Ph.D. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-61). Also available on microfiche.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2002. / Typescript. Vita. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2002. / Typescript. Vita. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (M.S.)--Mississippi State University. Department of Plant and Soil Sciences. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.

Title from second page of PDF document. Includes bibliographical references.

Orientador: Edivaldo Domingues Velini / Coorientador: Ivana Paula Ferraz Santos de Brito / Banca: Caio Antonio Carbonari / Banca: Leandro Tropaldi / Resumo: As plantas daninhas interferem nos gramados, prejudicando a sua formação, estabelecimento, qualidade e estética. Destaca-se dentre as diversas técnicas o uso de herbicidas, entretanto, são escassas as informações referentes a seletividade desses produtos em gramados. Desse modo, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a seletividade de herbicidas aplicados em pós-emergência sobre as espécies Axonopus compressus (grama São Carlos), Paspalum notatum (grama Batatais), Zoysia japonica (grama Esmeralda) Cynodon dactylon x Cynodon transvaalensis (grama Bermuda - Tifton 419). Foram realizados dois experimentos, todos em casa de vegetação e repetidos em diferentes momentos. As quatro espécies de grama foram transplantadas em vasos com capacidade de 2 L e aos 40 dias após o transplantio foram realizadas as aplicações dos tratamentos. Os tratamentos constituíram-se pela aplicação de 13 herbicidas (g i.a. ha-1): chlorimuron-ethyl (15); halosulfuron (112,5); imazapyr (125,0); metsulfuron-methyl (2,4); dicamba (288); triclopyr (600); 2,4-D (2010); clomazone nas formulações convencional e microencapsulada (1200); atrazine (1250); bentazon (600); flumioxazin (30); sulfentrazone (600), além de tratamento controle (sem aplicação de herbicida) para cada espécie estudada. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições. As avaliações da taxa de cobertura verde (TCV) das espécies de gramas foram realizadas aos 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 41, 48, 55 ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Weeds interfere with turfgrass, hampering their formation, establishment, quality and aesthetics. Among the several techniques, the use of herbicides stands out, however, the information regarding the selectivity of these products in turfgrass is scarce. Thus, the aim of this work was to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides applied in post-emergence on the species Axonopus compressus (broadleaf carpetgrass), Paspalum notatum (bahiagrass), Zoysia japonica (japanese lawn grass), Cynodon dactylon x Cynodon transvaalensis (bermudagrass -Tifton 419). Two studies were conducted, all in a greenhouse and repeated at different times. The four turfgrass species were transplanted in vessels with a capacity of 2 L and at 40 days after transplanting the applications of the treatments. The treatments consisted of the application of 13 herbicides (g i.a. ha-1): chlorimuron-ethyl (15); halosulfuron (112.5); imazapyr (125.0); metsulfuron-methyl (2.4); dicamba (288); triclopyr (600); 2,4-D (2010); clomazone in conventional and microencapsulated formulations (1200); atrazine (1250); bentazon (600); flumioxazin (30); sulfentrazone (600), in addition to control treatment (without herbicide application) for each species studied. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replicates. The green cover rate (TCV) evaluations of the turfgrass species were performed at 0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, 41, 48, 55 and 62 days after application (DAA); and height and phytointoxication, in the same TCV period, except for 0 DAA. The levels of total chlorophyll and carotenoids were evaluated at 9, 18 and 27 DAA and dry biomass of the shavings at 27 and 62 DAA. The obtained data were submitted to analysis of variance by the F test, being the total chlorophyll content and dry biomass of the chips, compared to the Tukey test (p≤0.05). On the other hand, the results of TCV, phytotoxification and herbicide ... / Mestre

Orientador: Percília Cardoso Giaquinto / Resumo: As abelhas têm grande importância na polinização; no entanto, o desaparecimento e morte de colônias de Apis mellifera Linnaeus, 1758 (Hymenoptera: Apidae) têm aumentado em várias regiões do mundo, prejudicando a sobrevivência da espécie e a estrutura dos ecossistemas. O uso de agrotóxicos em cultivos agrícolas vem sendo apontado como um dos fatores responsáveis pela intensificação do desaparecimento das abelhas. No presente estudo, avaliou-se a toxicidade, as alterações comportamentais e motoras de abelhas campeiras de A. mellifera expostas aos herbicidas 2,4-D e glifosato, isolados ou associados, por testes de ingestão e contato. Para determinação da dose letal (DL50) foi analisada a mortalidade de abelhas expostas a diferentes doses dos herbicidas por contato e ingestão por 24 horas. A atividade motora das abelhas expostas aos herbicidas glifosato, 2,4-D e associação de ambos foi avaliada 4 e 24 horas após sua exposição utilizando caixa de observação comportamental. As DL50 encontradas dos herbicidas glifosato e 2,4-D foram respectivamente: 273,93 e 127,70 µg/abelha para ingestão e 255,73 e 97,09 µg/abelha para contato. As doses subletais dos herbicidas glifosato e 2,4-D foram, respectivamente: 5,47 e 2,55 µg/abelha para ingestão e 5,11 e 1,94 µg/abelha para contato. A dose letal de 4 horas e subletal de 24 horas foram altamente tóxicas para as abelhas causando alterações locomotoras, as quais em campo podem influenciar o forrageamento das campeiras. Dos testes de doses sub... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Bees are very important for pollination, however, disappearance and death of Apis mellifera hives in many regions of the world has increased, damaging the species survival and ecosystems maintenance. The use of herbicides in agricultural crops has been accused as one of the factors responsible for this disappearance. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity, behavioral and motor abnormalities on foraging honey bees Apis mellifera exposed to 2,4-D and glyphosate alone and combined. To determine the lethal dose (LD50), bees were exposed to different herbicides doses by contact or ingestion and mortality was analyzed. After 24 hours, the mortality results were analyzed. The glyphosate and 2,4-D LD50 found were, respectively: 273,93 and 127,70 μg/bee for ingestion and 255,73 and 97,09 μg/bee for contact. The sublethal doses for glyphosate and 2,4-D were, respectively: 5,47 and 2,55 μg/bee for ingestion and 5,11 and 1,94 μg/bee for contact. The bee’s motor activity was assessed 4 and 24 hours after herbicides and combination exposure, using a behavioral observation box. The 24 hours lethal and sublethal doses were highly toxic to bees causing locomotors changes, which in the field can influence the bees foraging activity. Only the 4h sublethal herbicide association test showed additive effect, however this fact deserves attention because when carried to the colony, the herbicides can influence other bees behavior and cause weakening or even death of the hive. / Mestre