The purpose of this study is to investigate the educational opportunities that exist within hip hop music, i.e. to highlight the possible strengths and opportunities in informal learning. The aim was to answer the following questions: In what way do young people acquire knowledge through music? How can hip hop music affect language learning / vocabulary? How can hip hop motivate and support young people in school? The study was based on qualitative semi-structured interviews with six youths, three hip hop directors and a well-known researcher who has investigated that Hip Hop pedagogy. The results show that there are many benefits of learning that takes place in the context of hip hop music; from my informants’ statements one can accordingly see the role of hip hop music plays in the absorption of knowledge. The conclusion is that hip hop music can lead to alternative learning about politics and society, as the music often deals with various social conditions and policy issues. This I have been able to deduce from my informants' statements where they through hip hop creation gain knowledge, partly by listening to hip hop music and partly by writing hip hop lyrics which in its turn developed their political thinking. I have also come to the conclusion that young people through hip hop creation expand their vocabulary, developing their ability to express themselves in different ways during the composition of hip hop lyrics. It also shows that young people become motivated for school work. This is because hip hop stimulate young people in becoming more interested in the Swedish language, given that many write their hip hop lyrics in Swedish.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2009.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [102]-108).

Thesis (M.S.)--California Polytechnic State University, 2010. / Mode of access: Internet. Title from PDF title page; viewed on April 28, 2010. Major professor: Dr. Scott Hazelwood. "Presented to the faculty of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo." "In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree [of] Master of Science in Engineering with a specialization in Biomedical Engineering." "April, 2010." Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-90).

Thesis (M.S.)--Indiana University, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 20-21).

Hip impingement is a hip associated abnormality which develops among young and middle-aged individuals. It reduces the activity of those affected and if it is not detected at early stage, it can result in osteoarthritis. In this thesis a reliable framework for studying impingement detection is developed. Current clinical methods in detecting hip impingement involve measuring three angles, first the patient’s leg being flexed until maximum angle, second patient’s leg being flexed until 90° then adducted until maximum angle, and third patient’s leg being flexed until 90° afterwards internally rotated until the maximum angle also known as FADIR (Flexion, adduction in 90° flexion and internal rotation in 90° flexion) test. This is a manual method and relies heavily on surgeons experience and even pain tolerance of the patient and the method is prone to error. The use of computational programmes are known to be more accurate and reliable as the kinematic of contact can easily be studied using the digitised bones of the hip joint assuming that the impingement is determined by bone to bone contact kinematics. Current impingement studies assume that the kinematics of hip joint can be studied by assuming the centre of rotation is fixed for hip joint. For highly conforming joints this assumption is acceptable but for cases where conformity is poor the presence of soft tissue and soft tissue loading becomes very important. The important need in orthopaedics field is to develop a model without too much simplification. In this thesis for the first time the complete computational model of hip with soft tissue has been used to detect the impingement in a specific patient. The effect of centre of rotation and soft tissue are considered on impingement detection. In this study the femur, acetabulum, cartilage and ligaments of specific patients were modelled in MIMICs (Materialise' Interactive Medical Image Control System) using both MRI and CT scan. 3D hip models with and without soft tissues of normal hip, hip with impingement and hip with impingement after reshaping were modelled. The hip models were meshed in 3-Matic. The hip models were imported to Abaqus and boundary conditions were applied. Impingement zone and impingement angle was detected in Abaqus. Different centre of rotation was applied to consider the effect of centre of rotation to detect impingement. Experimental studies were set up to validate the hip models. Mocap, Wiimote, MotionNode and goniometer were used together at the same time to measure the flexion, adduction and internal rotation in 90⁰ of flexion in twenty two healthy volunteers. Validity and reliability of all of the methods were calculated. It is the first time that reliability and validity of Wiimote and MotionNode are considered to be used in medical application. Our results show that the model with soft tissue is closer to the experimental results. It shows that the soft tissue in hip model affects hip impingement angle and hip biomechanics. This finding also shows that, if the boundary condition is closer to the real hip, then the results of computer-aided program will be more reliable.

No description available.

First devised over half a century ago, metal-on-polyethylene (MoP) hip prostheses have become the gold standard for total hip arthroplasty (THA), a surgical intervention for degenerative hip joint conditions. The accumulation of polyethylene wear debris after long-term, in vivo articulations, can induce adverse cellular reactions, osteolysis and aseptic loosening of the implant – ultimately resulting in the failure of the THA. Despite the distinct differences between the biotribology of MoP and MoM prostheses, there is a lack of congruent high resolution research investigating the biotribological interactions and surface structures of MoP hip prosthesis components. This study characterized the surface and subsurface microstructural changes in failed MoP hip prosthesis retrievals using advanced electron microscopy techniques. The samples were comprised of retrieved metallic cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy femoral head components, one ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) acetabular cup component, and unused CoCrMo reference samples. The surface of the reference samples contained linear, parallel, uniform scratches as a result of the manufacturing process; whereas the surface of the retrieval samples were covered in an abundance of scratches and a layer of residual deposits, attributable to in vivo articulation of the implant. Characteristic hard phases were observed and examined on the surface and from the cross-sectional preparation of the cast CoCrMo samples. The multiphasic hard phases on the cast samples can strengthen the material but also be sites of crack propagation and material detachment, contributing to the generation of wear particles. Lastly, a nanocrystalline layer, 20 to 400 nm in thickness was observed in the subsurface microstructure of all samples (including references). Previous MoM studies suggest that the nanocrystalline layer is a result of dynamic crystallization in response to multidirectional, chronic loading in vivo, however, the presence of the layer in the unimplanted references suggest that the nanocrystalline layer can be formed during the production of the prosthesis component and therefore, pre-exists implantation. The imperfections on new, unused implants can have protective effects (e.g. troughs from scratches can be a reservoir for wear debris) but may influence in vivo wear processes after implantation (e.g. scratches may be a source of wear debris). Higher resolution analyses on more retrieval and reference samples are required to pinpoint the exact mechanism of failure in MoP hip prostheses and extend the longevity and efficacy of THA. / Thesis / Master of Applied Science (MASc)

Die Zielsetzung dieser Arbeit besteht darin zu prüfen, ob die Luxationsrate bei Hochrisikopatienten durch den Einsatz von 40-mm- und 44-mm-Köpfen im Vergleich zu Patienten mit maximal 36-mm-Köpfen reduziert werden kann. Hierzu wurden die im Zeitraum von September 2009 bis Mai 2014 hüftendoprothetisch versorgten Patienten mit einem erhöhten Luxationsrisiko erfasst und die Verläufe auf Luxationen überprüft. Zur Risikobewertung diente eine eigens entwickelte Klassifikation. Des Weiteren erfolgte die Analyse der postoperativen Verläufe, der Röntgenbilder und eines Telefoninterviews in den Fällen, in denen Köpfe ≥ 40 mm zum Einsatz kamen. Im Untersuchungszeitraum wurden 288 Hüftendoprotheseneingriffe mit erhöhtem Luxationsrisiko durchgeführt. Bei 278 HTEP-Implantationen erfolgte der Einsatz von Gelenkköpfen ≤ 36 mm. In dieser Gruppe betrug die Luxationsrate 15,1% (n=42). Bei 10 Patienten wurden 40-mm- oder 44-mm-Gelenkköpfe eingesetzt. In diesen Fällen wurde das Luxationsrisiko entsprechend der vorgeschlagenen Klassifikation mit 3A (hoch) bis 4B (sehr hoch) bewertet. Bei einem mittleren Follow up von 22,8 Monaten wurde bei diesen Patienten keine Luxation festgestellt. Die mit 40-mm- sowie 44-mm-Köpfen erzielten Ergebnisse und die aktuelle Literatur sprechen für eine wesentlich höhere Gelenkstabilität und eine deutlich verminderte Luxationsneigung größerer Köpfe. Deren Einsatz ist daher gegenwärtig bei Risiko-patienten gerechtfertigt, sofern dieser in Abhängigkeit vom Pfannenaußendurch-messer konstruktiv möglich ist. In der weiteren Entwicklung der Hüftendoprothetik sollte die Verwendung größerer Köpfe angestrebt werden.

Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2017-04-12T15:05:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudimar Alves Durans.pdf: 1361124 bytes, checksum: 706c3bb4e8536ececa08c1216636b9c4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-12T15:05:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudimar Alves Durans.pdf: 1361124 bytes, checksum: 706c3bb4e8536ececa08c1216636b9c4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-12-10 / FAPEMA / This work aims to understand the participation and the social representations of the woman built by hip-hop Maranhão, in particular by the Group of women of Hip Hop movement – "black Anastasia", part of the hip-hop Movement Organized of Maranhão "Quilombo Urbano". You want to analyze, as the political-cultural movement, bringing together three artistic events: rap, break and graphite have treated gender relations in your interior, represented women and developing activities in order to build the ethnic-racial identity and gender to women who participate in it. To do so, We understand the hip-hop as a resistance movement and protest from its origins in American black ghettos has been formed by people whose identities are stigmatized, but have (re) and (re) built their ethnic and racial identities and gender, Deconstructing and subverting the dominant patterns of ethnic belonging and masculinity. While methodology, the study was conducted by the combination of bibliographical research, documentary and empirical, which led to the insertion of the researcher researched group. The analyses are based on theoretical considerations about HipHop, identity, gender relations and representation of women. The data reflected were collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, as well as the acquisition of documents, letters, pamphlets, newspapers and various other materials used and produced by hip-hop, in particular. We understand that hiphop is, despite all its contradictions, in a possibility for women seeking a collective action questioning the slighted positioning that is assigned to These, from a feminist claim building paths to greater cultural and political visibility. / Este trabajo tiene como objetivo comprender la participación y las representaciones sociales de la mujer construida por Maranhão hip-hop, particularmente por el grupo de mujeres de Hip Hop parte de movimiento – "Anastasia negro", del movimiento hip-hop organizado de Maranhão "Quilombo Urbano". Desea analizar, como el movimiento político y cultural, reunir a tres eventos artísticos: rap, break y grafito han tratado las relaciones de género en su interior, representadas las mujeres y desarrollar actividades con el fin de construir la identidad étnica-racial y género a las mujeres que participan en él. Para ello, Entendemos el hip-hop como un movimiento de resistencia y protesta desde sus orígenes en ghettos negros estadounidenses ha sido formadas por personas cuyas identidades son estigmatizados, pero tienen (re) y (re) construye sus identidades étnicas y raciales y género, Deconstruyendo y subvirtiendo los patrones dominantes de pertenencia étnica y masculinidad. Mientras que la metodología, el estudio se realizó mediante la combinación de investigación bibliográfica, documental y empírica, que condujeron a la inserción del investigador Grupo investigado. Los análisis se basan en consideraciones teóricas sobre HipHop, identidad, relaciones de género y representación de las mujeres. Los datos reflejados se recolectaron a través de entrevistas semi-estructuradas, observación participante, así como la adquisición de documentos, cartas, folletos, periódicos y otros materiales diversos utilizado y producido por hip-hop, en particular. Entendemos que hiphop es, a pesar de todas sus contradicciones, en una posibilidad para las mujeres busca una acción colectiva que cuestiona la posición del ofendido se asigna a Éstos, de una reivindicación feminista construyendo caminos para una mayor visibilidad política y cultural. / Este trabalho tem como objetivo compreender as a participação e as representações sociais da mulher construídas pelo hip-hop maranhense, em especial pelo grupo de mulheres do movimento Hip Hop – “Preta Anastácia”, que faz parte do Movimento Hip-Hop Organizado do Maranhão “Quilombo Urbano”. Pretende analisar, como o movimento político-cultural, que reúne três manifestações artísticas: o rap, break e grafite têm tratado as relações de gênero em seu interior, representado as mulheres e desenvolvendo atividades no sentido de construir a identidade étnico-racial e de gênero às mulheres que participam dele. Para tanto, entendemos o hip-hop como um movimento de resistência e protesto que desde suas origens nos guetos negros norte-americanos tem sido formado por pessoas cujas identidades são estigmatizadas, mas que têm (re)apropriado e (re)construído suas identidades étnico-raciais e de gênero, desconstruindo e subvertendo os padrões dominantes de pertencimento étnico e masculinidade. Enquanto metodologia, o estudo foi realizado mediante a combinação da pesquisa bibliográfica, documental e empírica, o que levou a inserção da pesquisadora o grupo pesquisado. As análises propostas são baseadas nas considerações teóricas sobre HipHop, identidade, relações de gênero e representação sobre as mulheres. Os dados refletidos foram coletados por meio de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, observação participante, bem com na aquisição de documentos, letras de músicas, panfletos, jornais e diversos outros materiais utilizados e produzidos pelo hip-hop, em especial o maranhense. Compreendemos que o hiphop se constitui, apesar de todas as suas contradições, em uma possibilidade para as mulheres que buscam um agir coletivo questionando o posicionamento inferiorizado que é atribuído a estas, a partir de uma reivindicação feminista, construindo caminhos para uma maior visibilidade cultural e política.