Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2002-06-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:49:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 reis_lm_me_sjc.pdf: 712396 bytes, checksum: 9f97f896a59d9ccc4cf4b02d5499632b (MD5) / O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se o gel de EDTA a 24%, (pH 7,0) apresenta efeito adjuvante ao tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico em periodontite induzida em ratos. Foram utilizados quarenta e cinco ratos machos, nos quais foi induzida a doença periodontal no 2° molar superior esquerdo por meio da inserção de ligadura de fio de algodão. Após 5 semanas, a ligadura foi removida e os animais submetidos à raspagem e aplainamento radicular. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos: grupo EDTA (E), controle (C) e placebo (P); o grupo E foi condicionado com gel de EDTA a 24%, pH 7,0 durante 2 minutos, os animais do grupo C receberam apenas o tratamento mecânico e o grupo P foi condicionado com gel placebo, pH 7,0 durante 2 minutos. Todos os grupos foram irrigados com cloreto de sódio a 0,9% por 1 minuto. Em seguida, foi realizada marcação radicular na porção mais profunda da bolsa. Os animais foram sacrificados nos períodos de 4, 10 e 28 dias depois do tratamento. Os fragmentos da maxila contendo os molares foram submetidos à análise histológica e histomorfométrica para avaliação do grau de preenchimento e do tipo de tecido presente na região da marcação. As médias obtidas foram avaliadas pelo teste estatístico ANOVA e Teste de Tukey ao nível de significância p < 0,05. Os resultados mostraram que quanto ao tratamento realizado, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante com relação à reparação do periodonto. No entanto, o maior intervalo entre tratamento e tempo de sacrifício melhorou o reparo tecidual, uma vez que os animais sacrificados no período de 28 dias apresentaram menor quantidade de epitélio, maior quantidade de tecido conjuntivo sadio e preenchimento total da marcação. Foi verificada também ausência de tecido conjuntivo inflamado neste período. Concluiu-se que o gel de EDTA a 24%, pH 7,0 não contribuiu... / The aim of this study was to investigate if 24% EDTA gel (pH 7.0) presented adjunctive effect to non-surgical periodontal treatment in induced periodontitis in rats. Periodontitis was induced in the second upper left permanent molars of 45 male rats by means of ligature insertion of cotton floss. After 5 weeks, the ligature was removed and the animals underwent scaling and root planning. The animals were randomly divided in 3 groups: group E (EDTA), group C (control), and group P (placebo). Group E was conditioned with 24% EDTA gel (pH 7.0) for 2 minutes; the animals in group C received only mechanical treatment; and group P was conditioned with placebo gel (pH 7.0) for 2 minutes. All the groups were rinsed with 0.9% saline solution for 1 minute. Following that, root notching was carried out in the deepest part of the pocket. The animals were sacrificed at 4, 10, and 28 days after treatment. Jaw fragments containing the molars underwent histological and histomorphometric analysis for the evaluation of the degree of filling and the kind of tissue present in the notching region. The averages obtained were evaluated by means of ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests to a significance level of p < 0.05. With respect to the type of treatment employed, the results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences regarding periodontal repair. However, the longer the time between treatment and sacrifice, the better the tissue repair was, since the animals sacrificed at 28 days presented smaller quantities of epithelium, greater quantities of healthy connective tissue and total notch filling. Lack of inflamed connective tissue in this period was also observed. It was concluded that 24% EDTA gel (pH 7.0) did not contribute to periodontal tissue repair when used in combination with non-surgical periodontal treatment.

Orientador: Yasmin Rodarte Carvalho / Banca: Yasmin Rodarte Carvalho / Banca: Mario taba Junior / Banca: Fernando Renó de Lima / Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar se o gel de EDTA a 24%, (pH 7,0) apresenta efeito adjuvante ao tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico em periodontite induzida em ratos. Foram utilizados quarenta e cinco ratos machos, nos quais foi induzida a doença periodontal no 2° molar superior esquerdo por meio da inserção de ligadura de fio de algodão. Após 5 semanas, a ligadura foi removida e os animais submetidos à raspagem e aplainamento radicular. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos: grupo EDTA (E), controle (C) e placebo (P); o grupo E foi condicionado com gel de EDTA a 24%, pH 7,0 durante 2 minutos, os animais do grupo C receberam apenas o tratamento mecânico e o grupo P foi condicionado com gel placebo, pH 7,0 durante 2 minutos. Todos os grupos foram irrigados com cloreto de sódio a 0,9% por 1 minuto. Em seguida, foi realizada marcação radicular na porção mais profunda da bolsa. Os animais foram sacrificados nos períodos de 4, 10 e 28 dias depois do tratamento. Os fragmentos da maxila contendo os molares foram submetidos à análise histológica e histomorfométrica para avaliação do grau de preenchimento e do tipo de tecido presente na região da marcação. As médias obtidas foram avaliadas pelo teste estatístico ANOVA e Teste de Tukey ao nível de significância p < 0,05. Os resultados mostraram que quanto ao tratamento realizado, não houve diferença estatisticamente significante com relação à reparação do periodonto. No entanto, o maior intervalo entre tratamento e tempo de sacrifício melhorou o reparo tecidual, uma vez que os animais sacrificados no período de 28 dias apresentaram menor quantidade de epitélio, maior quantidade de tecido conjuntivo sadio e preenchimento total da marcação. Foi verificada também ausência de tecido conjuntivo inflamado neste período. Concluiu-se que o gel de EDTA a 24%, pH 7,0 não contribuiu...(Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate if 24% EDTA gel (pH 7.0) presented adjunctive effect to non-surgical periodontal treatment in induced periodontitis in rats. Periodontitis was induced in the second upper left permanent molars of 45 male rats by means of ligature insertion of cotton floss. After 5 weeks, the ligature was removed and the animals underwent scaling and root planning. The animals were randomly divided in 3 groups: group E (EDTA), group C (control), and group P (placebo). Group E was conditioned with 24% EDTA gel (pH 7.0) for 2 minutes; the animals in group C received only mechanical treatment; and group P was conditioned with placebo gel (pH 7.0) for 2 minutes. All the groups were rinsed with 0.9% saline solution for 1 minute. Following that, root notching was carried out in the deepest part of the pocket. The animals were sacrificed at 4, 10, and 28 days after treatment. Jaw fragments containing the molars underwent histological and histomorphometric analysis for the evaluation of the degree of filling and the kind of tissue present in the notching region. The averages obtained were evaluated by means of ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests to a significance level of p < 0.05. With respect to the type of treatment employed, the results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences regarding periodontal repair. However, the longer the time between treatment and sacrifice, the better the tissue repair was, since the animals sacrificed at 28 days presented smaller quantities of epithelium, greater quantities of healthy connective tissue and total notch filling. Lack of inflamed connective tissue in this period was also observed. It was concluded that 24% EDTA gel (pH 7.0) did not contribute to periodontal tissue repair when used in combination with non-surgical periodontal treatment. / Mestre

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a modified Kavain-derived compound, Kava-241, on periodontal destruction in a periodontitis-induced murine model. METHODS: The study involved 49 mice divided into three groups: control, diseased, and treatment. Diseased mice were infected with P. gingivalis via oral gavage over a 15-day period to mimic periodontal infection. Treated mice received Kava-241 treatment after disease induction over the same period. Bone loss and inflammatory cell activity was assessed by a morphometric analysis of the left mouse maxillae and a histomorphometric analysis of TRAP and H&E stained tissue sections of the right mouse maxillae. RESULTS: Infected group showed significantly increased alveolar bone loss and inflammatory cells throughout the experimental period in comparison to the untreated control groups. The Infected mice that received Kava-241 showed a significant decrease in inflammatory cell activity in periodontal connective tissues as compared to mice that did not receive any treatment. In periodontal connective tissues, treated mice showed significant decreases of 61.9% and 41.6% of polymorphonucleocyte and monocyte cell counts, respectively, compared to untreated mice. Furthermore, the mice that received treatment post-infection showed a statistically significant decrease in alveolar bone loss. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated 72.7% and 37.0% reductions of epithelial down-growth and bone loss respectively. Morphometric analysis demonstrated a 46.7% reduction of bone loss in treated mice compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrate modification of Kava could yield a more effective and safer therapeutic compound in the treatment of periodontal inflammation and bone loss.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-17T18:39:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5711.pdf: 887082 bytes, checksum: 2f6dabfb50d2965eaa1d19f975e6a2e7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-21 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Sorghum is increasingly being used for animal feed replacing corn, due to their similar nutritional characteristics, but with a lower cost. However one factor that negatively influences the nutritional value of sorghum is the presence of tannin that is an anti-nutritional factor that affects the nutrients absorption by the animal. We evaluated the effect of the sorghum with high and low tannins concentrations and / or the addition of tannic acid in diets based on corn and soybean on the single jejunal (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) histomorphometric parameters in broilers. There were used 150 male chicks with 1 day old of Cobb lineage, they were created up to 42 days in cages, in a controlled environment and receiving isoproteic and isoenergetic diets. After the period, were collected fragments of the 3 single jejunal segments, where they were measured and analyzed through a microscope with a coupled camera, according with the established parameters (villus height, crypt depth, thickness of muscle layer and relationship between villus numbers and villus bifurcations numbers). The addition of tannin in diets caused histomorphometric modifications in all parameters, but they did not cause significant changes for affecting their productive performance, such as weight and carcass yield. / O sorgo vem sendo cada vez mais utilizado para alimentação animal em substituição ao milho, devido suas características nutricionais semelhantes, porém com um custo muito menor. No entanto um fator que influencia negativamente o valor nutricional do sorgo é a presença de tanino, um fator antinutricional que compromete a absorção de nutrientes pelo animal. Avaliou-se o efeito do sorgo com alto e baixo teor em taninos e/ou a adição do ácido tânico em dietas à base de milho e soja, sobre os parâmetros histomorfométricos do intestino delgado (duodeno, jejuno e íleo) em frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 150 pintos machos de 1 dia de idade da linhagem Cobb, criados até aos 42 dias de idade em gaiolas, em ambiente controlado e recebendo rações isoprotéicas e isoenergéticas. Após o período foram coletados fragmentos dos 3 segmentos do intestino delgado, onde foram analisados e mensurados através de um microscópio com câmera acoplada, de acordo com os parâmetros estabelecidos (altura de vilosidade, profundidade de cripta, espessura de camada muscular e relação entre números de vilosidades e números de bifurcações) . A adição de tanino nas dietas causou modificações histomorfométricas em todos os parâmetros avaliados, porém essas modificações não ocasionaram alterações significativas para que comprometessem o desempenho produtivo das aves, como peso e rendimento de carcaça.

Entre as diferentes propriedades de uma superfície capazes de influenciar a deposição óssea ao redor de implantes, suas composições químicas e bioquímicas podem interferir no processo de reconhecimento a partir do tecido ósseo circundante. O presente trabalho se propôs a investigar se a funcionalização de superfícies de implante poderia influenciar a deposição óssea ao redor de implantes em um modelo animal. Para tanto, quatro grupos experimentais com mesma topografia microtexturizada, porém variando quanto à adição ou não de uma concentração de peptídeo bioativo foram testados. Metodologicamente, os pré-molares mandibulares bilaterais de 8 cães foram extraídos e após 12 semanas, foram instalados 6 implantes em cada cão, constituindo uma amostra de 48 implantes. Durante o período cicatricial de 2 meses, uma marcação policromática fluorescente foi realizada com o intuito de investigar a dinâmica de remodelação óssea. Estes marcadores ósseos foram administrados no terceiro dia após a instalação dos implantes, bem como após 1, 2, 4 e 6 semanas. A análise histomorfométrica revelou que a superfície microtexturizada modificada pela adição de uma baixa concentração peptídica obteve maior densidade óssea adjacente (54,6 ± 16,6%) quando comparada aos outros grupos (microtexturizada + veículo de hidroxiapatita = 46,0 ± 21,0%, somente microtexturizada = 45,3 ± 11,3% e microtexturizada com adição de alta concentração peptídica = 40,7 ± 15,3%), no entanto estas diferenças numéricas não foram estatisticamente significantes (p>0,05). Adicionalmente, em relação à análise de fluorescência, a comparação entre grupos demonstrou uma diferença estatisticamente significante em favor da superfície composta pela baixa concentração do peptídeo bioativo na área adjacente aos implantes no período de 4 semanas (p<0,001). Pode-se concluir que a funcionalização da superfície de implantes pode interferir na aposição óssea, em particular na densidade óssea, ressaltando que diferentes concentrações peptídicas podem conduzir a diferentes resultados. Dentro do padrão de remodelação óssea observado entre superfícies microtexturizadas, sendo estas funcionalizadas ou não, aquelas com baixa concentração do peptídeo bioativo estudado favoreceram a formação óssea adjacente aos implantes quando comparadas às demais no período avaliado. / Among the different surface properties that influence the bone apposition around implants, the chemical or biochemical composition may interfere in its acceptance by the surrounding bone. The aim of this study was to investigate if a biofunctionalization of implant surface influences the bone apposition in a dog model and to compare it with other surfaces, such as a microstructured created by the grit-blasting/acid-etching process. The mandibular bilateral premolars of 8 dogs were extracted and after 12 weeks each dog received 6 implants, totaling 48 implants in the experiment. All the 4 experimental groups had the same microrough topography with or without some biofunctionalization treatment. After histomorphometric analysis it was observed that the modified microstructured surface with a low concentration of the bioactive peptide provided a higher adjacent bone density (54.6%) when compared to the other groups (microstructured + HA coating = 46.0%, microstructured only = 45.3% and microstructured + high concentration of the bioactive peptide = 40.7%), but this difference was only numeric and not statistically significant. The fluorescence analysis showed that bone remodeling is an active process resulting from the alternation of resorptive and formative activities. A similar pattern of bone remodeling was observed among the microstructured surfaces, biofunctionalized or not; however the addition of an adhesive peptide in low concentration favored the bone formation adjacent to the implants when compared to the other surfaces during the period evaluated. In conclusion the biofunctionalization of the implant surface could interfere in the bone apposition around implants in particular in terms of bone density and different concentrations of bioactive peptide lead to different results.

Entre as diferentes propriedades de uma superfície capazes de influenciar a deposição óssea ao redor de implantes, suas composições químicas e bioquímicas podem interferir no processo de reconhecimento a partir do tecido ósseo circundante. O presente trabalho se propôs a investigar se a funcionalização de superfícies de implante poderia influenciar a deposição óssea ao redor de implantes em um modelo animal. Para tanto, quatro grupos experimentais com mesma topografia microtexturizada, porém variando quanto à adição ou não de uma concentração de peptídeo bioativo foram testados. Metodologicamente, os pré-molares mandibulares bilaterais de 8 cães foram extraídos e após 12 semanas, foram instalados 6 implantes em cada cão, constituindo uma amostra de 48 implantes. Durante o período cicatricial de 2 meses, uma marcação policromática fluorescente foi realizada com o intuito de investigar a dinâmica de remodelação óssea. Estes marcadores ósseos foram administrados no terceiro dia após a instalação dos implantes, bem como após 1, 2, 4 e 6 semanas. A análise histomorfométrica revelou que a superfície microtexturizada modificada pela adição de uma baixa concentração peptídica obteve maior densidade óssea adjacente (54,6 ± 16,6%) quando comparada aos outros grupos (microtexturizada + veículo de hidroxiapatita = 46,0 ± 21,0%, somente microtexturizada = 45,3 ± 11,3% e microtexturizada com adição de alta concentração peptídica = 40,7 ± 15,3%), no entanto estas diferenças numéricas não foram estatisticamente significantes (p>0,05). Adicionalmente, em relação à análise de fluorescência, a comparação entre grupos demonstrou uma diferença estatisticamente significante em favor da superfície composta pela baixa concentração do peptídeo bioativo na área adjacente aos implantes no período de 4 semanas (p<0,001). Pode-se concluir que a funcionalização da superfície de implantes pode interferir na aposição óssea, em particular na densidade óssea, ressaltando que diferentes concentrações peptídicas podem conduzir a diferentes resultados. Dentro do padrão de remodelação óssea observado entre superfícies microtexturizadas, sendo estas funcionalizadas ou não, aquelas com baixa concentração do peptídeo bioativo estudado favoreceram a formação óssea adjacente aos implantes quando comparadas às demais no período avaliado. / Among the different surface properties that influence the bone apposition around implants, the chemical or biochemical composition may interfere in its acceptance by the surrounding bone. The aim of this study was to investigate if a biofunctionalization of implant surface influences the bone apposition in a dog model and to compare it with other surfaces, such as a microstructured created by the grit-blasting/acid-etching process. The mandibular bilateral premolars of 8 dogs were extracted and after 12 weeks each dog received 6 implants, totaling 48 implants in the experiment. All the 4 experimental groups had the same microrough topography with or without some biofunctionalization treatment. After histomorphometric analysis it was observed that the modified microstructured surface with a low concentration of the bioactive peptide provided a higher adjacent bone density (54.6%) when compared to the other groups (microstructured + HA coating = 46.0%, microstructured only = 45.3% and microstructured + high concentration of the bioactive peptide = 40.7%), but this difference was only numeric and not statistically significant. The fluorescence analysis showed that bone remodeling is an active process resulting from the alternation of resorptive and formative activities. A similar pattern of bone remodeling was observed among the microstructured surfaces, biofunctionalized or not; however the addition of an adhesive peptide in low concentration favored the bone formation adjacent to the implants when compared to the other surfaces during the period evaluated. In conclusion the biofunctionalization of the implant surface could interfere in the bone apposition around implants in particular in terms of bone density and different concentrations of bioactive peptide lead to different results.

Identification of human or nonhuman skeletal remains is important in assisting the police and law enforcement officers for the investigation of forensic cases. Identification of bone can be difficult, especially in fragmented remains. It has been reported that 25 to 30% of medicolegal cases, which involved nonhuman skeletal remains have been mistaken for human. In such cases, histomorphometric method was used to identify human and nonhuman skeletal remains. However, literature has shown that histomorphometric data for human and nonhuman bone were insufficient. Additionally, age estimation in bone may help in the identification of human individual, which can be done by using a histomorphometric method. Age estimation is based on bone remodeling process, where microstructural parameters have strong correlations with age. Literature showed that age estimation has been done on the American and European populations. However, little work has been done in the Asian population. The aims of this project were thus, to identify human and nonhuman bone, and to estimate age in human bones by using histomorphometric analysis. In this project, 64 human bones and 65 animal bones were collected from the mortuary of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre and the Zoos in Malaysia, respectively. A standard bone preparation was used to prepare human and nonhuman bone thin sections for histomorphometric assessment. Assessments were made on the microstructural parameters such as cortical thickness, medullary cavity diameter, osteon count, osteon diameter, osteon area, osteon perimeter, Haversian canal diameter, Haversian canal area, Haversian canal perimeter, and Haversian lamella count per osteon by using image analysis, and viewed under a transmitted light microscope. The microstructural measurements showed significant differences between human and nonhuman samples. The discriminant functions showed correct classification rates for 81.4% of cases, and the accuracy of identification was 96.9% for human and 66.2% for animal. Human age estimation showed a standard error of estimate of 10.41 years, comparable with those in the literature. This study project offers distinct advantages over currently available histomorphometric methods for human and nonhuman identification and human age estimation. This will have significant implications in the assessment of fragmentary skeletal and forensic population samples for identification purposes.

Identification of human or nonhuman skeletal remains is important in assisting the police and law enforcement officers for the investigation of forensic cases. Identification of bone can be difficult, especially in fragmented remains. It has been reported that 25 to 30% of medicolegal cases, which involved nonhuman skeletal remains have been mistaken for human. In such cases, histomorphometric method was used to identify human and nonhuman skeletal remains. However, literature has shown that histomorphometric data for human and nonhuman bone were insufficient. Additionally, age estimation in bone may help in the identification of human individual, which can be done by using a histomorphometric method. Age estimation is based on bone remodeling process, where microstructural parameters have strong correlations with age. Literature showed that age estimation has been done on the American and European populations. However, little work has been done in the Asian population. The aims of this project were thus, to identify human and nonhuman bone, and to estimate age in human bones by using histomorphometric analysis. In this project, 64 human bones and 65 animal bones were collected from the mortuary of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre and the Zoos in Malaysia, respectively. A standard bone preparation was used to prepare human and nonhuman bone thin sections for histomorphometric assessment. Assessments were made on the microstructural parameters such as cortical thickness, medullary cavity diameter, osteon count, osteon diameter, osteon area, osteon perimeter, Haversian canal diameter, Haversian canal area, Haversian canal perimeter, and Haversian lamella count per osteon by using image analysis, and viewed under a transmitted light microscope. The microstructural measurements showed significant differences between human and nonhuman samples. The discriminant functions showed correct classification rates for 81.4% of cases, and the accuracy of identification was 96.9% for human and 66.2% for animal. Human age estimation showed a standard error of estimate of 10.41 years, comparable with those in the literature. This study project offers distinct advantages over currently available histomorphometric methods for human and nonhuman identification and human age estimation. This will have significant implications in the assessment of fragmentary skeletal and forensic population samples for identification purposes.