Text of the thesis focuses on the activity of the Group of the European People's Party in the European Parliament. It focuses on this issue from three different perspectives. The first perspective presents a theoretical approach on the concept of europarty as transnational political actor that has developed on the basis of the development of the European integration and the development of the European institutions. The second perspective focuses on the work of the European People's Party, as a classic example transnational European party structure. It refers to its historical development and formation in the context of strengthening the position of the European Parliament. It also encompasses the Group of the European People's Party and its influence in the European Parliament in historical perspective. At the same time reveals the inner structure, program policies and operation mechanism of this parliamentary faction. The third perspective focuses on the analysis of the cohesion of the Group of the European People's Party in the seventh term of the European Parliament. The group cohesion is viewed as one of the main characters determining the strength and importance of the parliamentary factions. The analysis is based on the theoretical assumptions of British political scientist Simon Hix. In...

1 Abstract This paper tries to demonstrate an incorrect perception of the Czech municipal electoral system by voters. In order achieve this aim I identified the following research questions. Firstly, what is the perception of preferential voting by voters in the Czech local electoral system? Secondly, do voters use a strategic voting in the municipal elections? Thirdly, is there some influence on voters' decisions depending on the form of a candidate subject? These questions were answered on the basis of my own research, which took place in a chosen municipality. I showed that voters perceive preferential voting by the wrong way, which primarily comes from their low awareness of the electoral system. Furthermore, it was found that the different perception of the candidates affects a voter behavior. Unfortunately, whether voters use a strategically choice in municipal elections, I could not prove it.

General Election to the House of Commons Abstract The aim of this thesis is to analyze the electoral process of general elections to the House of Commons of the British Parliament. The text analyzes the problematics of the two basic questions. The first question is, in regards to the scope, more comprehensive, and it is an analysis of the aforementioned general elections. The second area of the matters relates closely to the first area and concerns the referendum on changing the electoral system in 2011. The text is logically structured into four chapters, which are usually further divided into subsections. The first chapter is devoted purely to the British Parliament in general, spanning from their historical origins to today's modern appearance. It also includes a brief specification of both of the Houses, including their composition and a scope of work. The second chapter is discussing the matter of general elections, the introduction to this chapter is devoted to applied electoral system. This system is based on the principle of "first past the post", which belongs to the "family" of majority electoral systems. The specifics of the application of the system are mentioned, pointing out the benefits and so-called system errors that the system entails. Next subsection discusses the systematics of election...

This master's thesis describes design, implementation and testing of online voting system. Based on the research of existing solutions, as well as the identification of their shortcomings for the target user group, the requirements for the new system are specified. This information system is primarily intended to be used for assembly of unit owners, members meeting of building housing cooperative, or meeting of the municipal council, general meeting of shareholders and similar.

More Americans voted in the 2020 elections than in any other in 120 years, and the majority supported the Democratic candidate - Joseph R. Biden, Jr. In 2020, Biden won 26 states, including Arizona, where he won as the first Democrat in the presidential elections since 1996. With a small margin of only 10,457 votes, every vote was essential. In Arizona, 412,256 people identify as American Indian and Alaska Native and their support for the Democratic candidate proved to be decisive in the 2020 elections. However, only little has been written about American Indians and Alaska Natives and their voting habits. Existing studies suffer from examining only one tribe or state, are old or ambiguous. American Indians and Alaska Natives are also often excluded from collecting and reporting data, and when included, the data is either inaccurate or put them in "the other" category. This work is the first to examine Native American voting in the 2020 presidential election. It aims to prove that the Native vote was one of the aspects that helped Biden win the elections since Native Americans traditionally support the Democratic candidates. To prove my thesis, I compared the results of the 2016 and 2020 elections from the precincts overlapping with tribal lands in Arizona and conducted a quantitative analysis of...

The diploma paper represents a contribution to the research of direct democracy in the Czech Republic, specifically it deals with the most used form of direct citizen participation in governance, local referendum. The paper is mainly empirical - it shows an experience of ten European countries with local referendum as well as the legislative framework and the definition of this instrument in the Czech Republic. The centre point of the whole thesis lies in the real practice and the experience of Czech municipalities with local direct democracy. The data used in this paper come up from research which aimed to collect information on all local referendums in the Czech Republic since 1990. Although this aim has not been fully accomplished, the data allow to study the practice of Czech local referendums. Local referendums are divided into several groups (categories of territorial changes, the environment, issues of internal governance of the municipality and others) within which are further analysed. The aim of the paper is to verify the hypothesis that seeks a relationship among the size of the municipality, subject of voting, quorum and voter turnout. The paper also focuses on the factors that have got fundamental impact on the final result of referendum.

Recently implemented reform of the IMF was motivated by empowering smaller developing and emerging countries. My work has an ambition to assess the countries were empowered and whether there would be a more efficient way for IMF reform. I analyse of role and power of countries using well-established methodology of Voting Power Indices. Apart from the immediate change a longer perspective covering last 20 years would be implemented. My aim is not only assess the power of countries as isolated variables but also to assess them in context of other indicators such as economic development. Lastly, I would suggest a new way of reform proposal for the IMF. Currently countries are represented in the locus of executive power through constituencies. Constituencies are formed arbitrary often reflecting power-seeking behaviour of developed countries. The result is composition of constituencies that often further marginalize the developing countries. My proposal is to restructure these constituencies in line with regional international organizations, which can enhance the position of developing countries in two ways. By providing institutional capacity of already existing organizations the consensus within the constituency would be better facilitated. By formation constituencies in line with regional...

The objective of the Ph.D. thesis "Analysis of the Elections and Electoral Behaviour to the Senate of the Parliament of the Czech Republic" is an analysis of Senate elections on a micro- level of districts in regular terms from 1996 to 2012, including by-elections. Data file comprises a total of 2153 candidates and their election results at the municipal level aggregated to five defined categories by number of registered voters. Analysis is mainly focused on the differences in electoral support for candidates in municipalities up to 999 voters, in municipalities between 1000 and 4999 voters, in municipalities between 5000 to 9999 voters, in municipalities over 10 000 voters and finally in districts covering territory of the four largest cities in the Czech Republic (the Capital City of Prague and cities Brno, Ostrava and Pilsen). In the theoretical part, the Ph.D. thesis presents the Senat as the second house of Parliament of the Czech Republic and deals with the majority run-off system. A quantitative research of Senate elections is performed in the analytical part, where electoral success of candidates conditioned by their political parties, socio-economic and political circumstances in districts and individual profile of candidates is examined. The analysis describes differences among...

The thesis is about New Zealand House of Representatives electoral system. In introductory part is briefly presented the political system of New Zealand. Then is currently used electoral system, its genesis and impacts of transition from the first past the post to mixed member proportional system researched. Thesis is in its effort focusing on segments of electoral system and trying to identify its problematic points and to introduce alternative electoral system proposed to the electors in referenda. The thesis is using the electoral studies methods, especially quantitative measuring of attributes of electoral system and party structure within the House of Representatives.

This thesis aims to contribute to the current academic debate on contemporary polarization in the U.S. Congress. The paper provides a brief overview of the relevenat existing literature and schools of thought on the issue. As part of the thought direction which steers away from definining roots and causes of polarization among the general public but rather sees them as issues of the political elite, this thesis highlights the need to focus on individual Congressional Member Organizations (CMOs) in the House of Representatives and their connection to polarization. By applying an existing dataset accepted among political science scholars as the key tool for measuring polarization, the thesis seeks to affirm the presumed ideological differences among the individual CMOs (or caucuses). The main part of this thesis which adds value to further discussion is the case study of all roll call votes of the 114th House of Representatives examining voting cohesion of the studied caucuses. The aim of this study is to show to what extent the CMOs are in fact consistent voting blocs and how influential they can potentially be within the political elites in the House of Representatives and to what level they may be contributing to the contemporary polarization.