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Stable equivariant motivic homotopy theory and motivic Borel cohomologyHerrmann, Philip 10 August 2012 (has links)
Im Mittelpunkt der Untersuchungen stehen Grundlagen für äquivariante motivische Homotopietheorie. Für eine neue Grothendieck-Topologie auf einer Kategorie von äquivarianten glatten k-Schemata werden unstabile und stabile motivische Homotopietheorie entwickelt. Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird als Anwendung der stabilen Theorie eine Adams-Spektralsequenz mit motivischer Borel-Kohomologie konstruiert.
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Directed homotopy and homology theories for geometric models of true concurrency / Théories homotopiques et homologiques dirigées pour des modèles géométriques de la vraie concurrenceDubut, Jérémy 11 September 2017 (has links)
Le but principal de la topologie algébrique dirigée est d’étudier des systèmes qui évoluent avec le temps à travers leur géométrie. Ce sujet émergea en informatique, plus particulièrement en vraie concurrence, où Pratt introduisit les automates de dimension supérieure (HDA) en 1991 (en réalité, l’idée de la géométrie de la concurrence peut être retracée jusque Dijkstra en 1965). Ces automates sont géométriques par nature: chaque ensemble de n processus exécutant des actions indépendantes en parallèle peuvent être modélisées par un cube de dimension n, et un tel automate donne naissance à un espace topologique, obtenu en recollant ces cubes. Cet espace a naturellement une direction du temps provenant du flot d’exécution. Il semble alors totalement naturel d’utiliser des outils provenant de la topologie algébrique pour étudier ces espaces: les chemins modélisent les exécutions et les homotopies de chemins, c’est-à-dire les déformations continues de chemins, modélisent l’équivalence entre exécutions modulo ordonnancement d’actions indépendantes, mais ces notions géométriques doivent préserver la direction du temps, d’une façon ou d’une autre. Ce caractère dirigé apporte des complications et la théorie doit être refaite, essentiellement depuis le début. Dans cette thèse, j’ai développé des théories de l’homotopie et de l’homologie pour ces espaces dirigés. Premièrement, ma théorie de l’homotopie dirigée est basée sur la notion de rétracts par déformations, c’est-à-dire de déformations continues d’un gros espaces sur un espace plus petit, suivant des chemins inessentiels, c’est-à-dire qui ne changent pas le type d’homotopie des « espaces d’exécutions ». Cette théorie est reliée aux catégories de composantes et catégories de dimension supérieures. Deuxièmement, ma théorie de l’homologie dirigée suit l’idée que l’on doit regarder les « espaces d’exécutions » et comment ceux-ci évoluent avec le temps. Cette évolution temporelle est traitée en définissant cette homologie comme un diagramme des « espaces d’exécutions » et en comparant de tels diagrammes en utilisant une notion de bisimulation. Cette théorie homologique a de très bonnes propriétés: elle est calculable sur des espaces simples, elle est un invariant de notre théorie homotopique, elle est invariante par des raffinements d’actions simples et elle une théorie des suites exactes. / Studying a system that evolves with time through its geometry is the main purpose of directed algebraic topology. This topic emerged in computer science, more particularly in true concurrency, where Pratt introduced the higher dimensional automata (HDA) in 1991 (actually, the idea of geometry of concurrency can be tracked down Dijkstra in 1965). Those automata are geometric by nature: every set of n processes executing independent actions can be modeled by a n-cube, and such an automaton then gives rise to a topological space, obtained by glueing such cubes together. This space naturally has a specific direction of time coming from the execution flow. It then seems natural to use tools from algebraic topology to study those spaces: paths model executions, homotopies of paths, that is continuous deformations of paths, model equivalence of executions modulo scheduling of independent actions, and so on, but all those notions must preserve the direction. This brings many complications and the theory must be done again.In this thesis, we develop homotopy and homology theories for those spaces with a direction. First, my directed homotopy theory is based on deformation retracts, that is continuous deformation of a big space on a smaller space, following directed paths that are inessential, meaning that they do not change the homotopy type of spaces of executions. This theory is related to categories of components and higher categories. Secondly, my directed homology theory follows the idea that we must look at the spaces of executions and those evolves with time. This evolution of time is handled by defining such homology as a diagram of spaces of executions and comparing such diagrams using a notion of bisimulation. This homology theory has many nice properties: it is computable on simple spaces, it is an invariant of our homotopy theory, it is invariant under simple action refinements and it has a theory of exactness. Read more
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Case Influence and Model Complexity in Regression and ClassificationTU, SHANSHAN 17 October 2019 (has links)
No description available.
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Analytical And Numerical Solutions Of Differentialequations Arising In Fluid Flow And Heat Transfer ProblemsSweet, Erik 01 January 2009 (has links)
The solutions of nonlinear ordinary or partial differential equations are important in the study of fluid flow and heat transfer. In this thesis we apply the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) and obtain solutions for several fluid flow and heat transfer problems. In chapter 1, a brief introduction to the history of homotopies and embeddings, along with some examples, are given. The application of homotopies and an introduction to the solutions procedure of differential equations (used in the thesis) are provided. In the chapters that follow, we apply HAM to a variety of problems to highlight its use and versatility in solving a range of nonlinear problems arising in fluid flow. In chapter 2, a viscous fluid flow problem is considered to illustrate the application of HAM. In chapter 3, we explore the solution of a non-Newtonian fluid flow and provide a proof for the existence of solutions. In addition, chapter 3 sheds light on the versatility and the ease of the application of the Homotopy Analysis Method, and its capability in handling non-linearity (of rational powers). In chapter 4, we apply HAM to the case in which the fluid is flowing along stretching surfaces by taking into the effects of "slip" and suction or injection at the surface. In chapter 5 we apply HAM to a Magneto-hydrodynamic fluid (MHD) flow in two dimensions. Here we allow for the fluid to flow between two plates which are allowed to move together or apart. Also, by considering the effects of suction or injection at the surface, we investigate the effects of changes in the fluid density on the velocity field. Furthermore, the effect of the magnetic field is considered. Chapter 6 deals with MHD fluid flow over a sphere. This problem gave us the first opportunity to apply HAM to a coupled system of nonlinear differential equations. In chapter 7, we study the fluid flow between two infinite stretching disks. Here we solve a fourth order nonlinear ordinary differential equation. In chapter 8, we apply HAM to a nonlinear system of coupled partial differential equations known as the Drinfeld Sokolov equations and bring out the effects of the physical parameters on the traveling wave solutions. Finally, in chapter 9, we present prospects for future work. Read more
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Modeling mapping spaces with short hammocksÖberg, Sebastian January 2014 (has links)
We construct a category of short hammocks and show that it has the weak homotopy type of mapping spaces. In doing so we tackle the problem of applying the nerve to large categories without the use of multiple universes. We also explore what the mapping space is. The main tool in showing the connection between hammocks and mapping spaces will be the use of homotopy groupoids, homotopy groupoid actions and the homotopy fiber of their corresponding bar constructions. / <p>QC 20141208</p>
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Surgery spaces of crystallographic groupsYamasaki, Masayuki January 1982 (has links)
Let Γ be a crystallographic group acting on the n-dimensional Euclidean space. In this dissertation, the surgery obstruction groups of Γ are computed in terms of certain sheaf homology groups defined by F. Quinn, when Γ has no 2-torsion. The main theorem is :
Theorem : If a crystallographic group Γ has no 2-torsion, there is a natural isomorphism
a : H<sub>*</sub>(R<sup>n</sup> /Γ; L(p)) → L<sub>*</sub><sup>-∞</sup>(Γ). / Ph. D.
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Modèles de l'univalence dans le cadre équivariant / On lifting univalence to the equivariant settingBordg, Anthony 09 November 2015 (has links)
Cette thèse de doctorat a pour sujet les modèles de la théorie homotopique des types avec l'Axiome d'Univalence introduit par Vladimir Voevodsky. L'auteur prend pour cadre de travail les définitions de type-theoretic model category, type-theoretic fibration category (cette dernière étant la notion de modèle considérée dans cette thèse) et d'univers dans une type-theoretic fibration category, définitions dues à Michael Shulman. La problématique principale de cette thèse consiste à approfondir notre compréhension de la stabilité de l'Axiome d'Univalence pour les catégories de préfaisceaux, en particulier pour les groupoïdes équipés d'une involution. / This PhD thesis deals with some new models of Homotopy Type Theory and the Univalence Axiom introduced by Vladimir Voevodsky. Our work takes place in the framework of the definitions of type-theoretic model categories, type-theoretic fibration categories (the notion of model under consideration in this thesis) and universe in a type-theoretic fibration category, definitions due to Michael Shulman. The goal of this thesis consists mainly in the exploration of the stability of the Univalence Axiom for categories of functors , especially for groupoids equipped with involutions. Read more
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Étale homotopy sections of algebraic varietiesHaydon, James Henri January 2014 (has links)
We define and study the fundamental pro-finite 2-groupoid of varieties X defined over a field k. This is a higher algebraic invariant of a scheme X, analogous to the higher fundamental path 2-groupoids as defined for topological spaces. This invariant is related to previously defined invariants, for example the absolute Galois group of a field, and Grothendieck’s étale fundamental group. The special case of Brauer-Severi varieties is considered, in which case a “sections conjecture” type theorem is proved. It is shown that a Brauer-Severi variety X has a rational point if and only if its étale fundamental 2-groupoid has a special sort of section.
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同倫擾動法對於范德波爾方程的研究 / Homotopy Perturbation Method for Van Der Pol Equation劉凱元, Liu, Kai-yuan Unknown Date (has links)
在這篇論文中,我們探討了在任何正參數之下,范德波爾方程的極限環結果。藉由改良後的同倫擾動方法,我們求得了一些極限環的近似結果。
相對於傳統的擾動方法,這種同倫方法在方程中並不受限於小的參數。除此之外,我們也設計了一個演算法來計算極限環的近似振幅及頻率。 / In this thesis, we study the limit cycle of van der Pol equation for parameter ε>0. We give some approximate results to the limit cycle by using the modified homotopy perturbation technique. In constract to the traditional perturbation methods, this homotopy method does not require a small parameter in the equation. Besides, we also devise a new algorithm to find the approximate amplitude and frequency of the limit cycle.
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"Enumeração dos fibrados vetoriais sobre superfícies fechadas" / "Enumeration of vector bundles over closed surfaces"Melo, Thiago de 08 April 2005 (has links)
O objetivo desse trabalho é fazer uma enumeração dos fibrados planos reais sobre algumas superfícies, como por exemplo, a esfera e o g-toro. Entre outras ferramentas, utilizamos a co-homologia das superfícies, com coeficientes locais, e também o método desenvolvido por Larmore para contar classes de homotopia de levantamento de funções. / The aim of this work is enumerate the plane bundles over some surfaces, for example the sphere and the g-torus. Among other tools we used cohomology of the surfaces with local coefficients and also the method developed by Larmore to count homotopy classes of lifting of functions.
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