While studies in masculinities and globalization are a rapidly growing field, few studies address the role of marriage in shaping masculinities. This project explores the emerging pattern of young, urban Fijian men who marry non-Fijian women and in doing so, challenge neo-traditional marriage formations and gender roles. In this particular project, I investigate how Fijian men experience these types of marriages with non-Fijian women and how they negotiate their masculinity within their marriages. I also explore how the confluence of colonial experiences, current globalization trends, and culture affect how these men understand their masculinity. I employ several methodologies including multiple interviews, participant observations, and visual anthropology methods. Through these methods, I explore how the relationship between Fijian men and non-Fijian women alters men’s experiences of masculinity and identity at the individual level. Results illustrate the importance of work in defining manhood, according to these men. As well, results suggest that the wives play a powerful role in influencing their husbands’ values with regards to work ethics and the general acceptance of global values. These relationships show the intersection and complexities that emerge between evolving ideas regarding masculinities and marriage, Fiji’s colonial experience and current global values.

The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-Adolescent (MMPI-A) Structural Summary was developed to aid in parsimonious interpretation of the instrument s 69 scales and subscales. The current study of 130 male and female young offenders had two goals: (1) evaluate the criterion validity of the Structural Summary as a function of ethnicity (First Nation versus Caucasian), gender, and age (16 years and under versus 17 years and older); (2) examine ethnic, gender, and age differences in the elevation of Structural Summary scores. The MMPI-A Structural Summary showed strong evidence of criterion validity and few ethnic, gender, or age differences were noted. However, compared to Caucasian youth, statistically significant and clinically meaningful elevations were found for First Nations youth on four of eight Structural Summary dimensions. As well, older adolescents were more elevated than younger adolescents on a dimension measuring general maladjustment. Results reflect substantive differences in psychopathology rather than an artefact of test bias.

This thesis will critically examine some of the central issues that revolve around the understanding and defense of negative liberty that Isaiah Berlin presented in his famous lecture Two Concepts of Liberty. By taking into consideration a variety of positions we shall observe that theories of negative liberty are not only based on a set of institutional preconditions but also necessitate some idea concerning our ends and our identities in order for us to discriminate between alternative spaces of non-interference. Such a position seems to infer that any concept of liberty must contain both positive and negative dimensions - it must be both an opportunity concept and an exercise concept. In this sense, this thesis presents an attempt to overcome the impasse between positive and negative liberty. Voiced in another fashion, the thesis presents an effort to resolve the dilemma articulated close to two hundred years ago by Benjamin Constant: how do we bring the liberty of the ancients and that of the moderns together?

This study investigated the developing identities of first generation Canadian female adolescent women. Using qualitative methodology, it seeks to illuminate the intersectionalities of race, gender and sexuality in its analysis. Transnational feminist frameworks are used as theoretical lenses from which to critically examine the ways in which identity development research has been portrayed in psychology, child and youth care, and related disciplines. This analysis was used as a means to complicate objective, hierarchical models of identity development as they apply (or do not apply) to the stories of first generation Canadian women. Five women between the ages of 19-26 of Chinese, Latin American, Vietnamese and Indian decent participated in this study. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, covering family background and traditions, gender role negotiation, sexuality and identity development. Findings support transnational feminist notions of multiplicity, hybridity and fluidity in identity development. They provided context and storied analysis to issues of identity development that are often silenced in traditional psychology literature. The stories of first generation Canadian women are important contributions to identity development research. They highlight the need for situated knowledges and the need for anti-racist research frameworks in psychology, child and youth care, and social science disciplines.

The central focus of this thesis is an exploration of how mothers in prison construct a sense of self as mothers according to motherhood ideologies and reconstruct this sense of self as a result of imprisonment. The study, informed by feminist poststructuralism, shows how relations of power/knowledge shape the experiences of women in prison leading to marginalization. The notion of the constitution of subjectivities through discourses offers `other' ways to see the lives of imprisoned mothers, destabilizing assumptions and constructed truths and challenging fixed frameworks of meaning and truth surrounding motherhood. The research methodology employed was a qualitative approach based on `interpretive interactionism'. The premise of this approach was to make visible and accessible to the reader, the problematic lived experiences of the participants through their stories. The research methods involved interviews with six imprisoned women who shared stories of their experiences being mothers. The analysis involved an interpretation of the meanings participants applied to mothering in prison, expressed by their feelings, thoughts and practice of mothering. The participants' position as mothers within a prison institution was met with daily challenges as they sought out ways to have relationships with their children and maintain a sense of self as mothers. The research showed that even in a restricted prison environment of limited choices participants were able to be agents of choice and possibilities. The study shows that the participants resisted dominant ideologies of motherhood and maintained a sense of being mothers through connections with their children, with each other, as well as through self-reflection and harbouring hopes and dreams for the future. Feminist poststructuralism provided the tools for revealing the possibilities of alternative ways of mothering in prison that did not hinge on being either `good' or `bad' mothers.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) damages many regions of the brain but damage to the hippocampus has been particularly linked to functional deficits in memory and wayfinding (i.e., finding one's way in familiar and unfamiliar environments). The current study investigated the nature of these wayfinding problems using a virtual simulation of a Morris water maze, a standard test of hippocampal function in laboratory animals. Eleven TBI survivors and 12 comparison participants, matched for gender, age and education were tested to see if they could find a location in a virtual room marked by a) a visible platform, b) a single object, c) one object of 8 different ones, or d) distal room cues (which requires cognitive mapping). TBI survivors were impaired at finding the location based on room cues but not when the other cues were present. These results indicate that TBI impairs cognitive mapping but not associative processes in wayfinding.

Zhang Xianliang's writing, best known for breaking sexual taboos, is also praised for its exposition of the Communist Party of China's persecution of male intellectuals, which led ultimately to their physical and psychological emasculation. Since the founding of the Qin dynasty in 221 BCE, Chinese intellectuals have been a primary target in the political campaigns of whatever elite happened to be in power, and Zhang's fictionalized autobiography apparently minors this narrative. However, it is the purpose of this thesis to offer a radically different reading, one that examines what is left unsaid in Zhang's texts. what falls under the mark of erasure- the status, role, and function of women in Chinese society . Drawing upon analytical techniques from Deconstruction, Feminist criticism and Freudian analysis I explore the following questions: (I) why are Chinese male intellectuals obsessed with having political power? (2) What is the relationship between politics and sexuality in the People's Republic? (3) What is it in the psychological make-up of male intellectuals which allows them to victimize women after they themselves were victimized? (4) How is it possible for the author to reconcile his criticism of state policies while supporting the rhetoric of the Party's propaganda? A close examination of the three texts under review yields a wealth of information, some of which answers questions, some of which raises other questions. However, in reading Zhang Xianliang's trilogy two things become apparent: his protagonist, Zhang Yonglin, only regains his "manhood" both psychologically and sexually through the intervention of women; and the unspoken truth that their insatiable desire for political and sexual power contributed to the "tragic" fate of male intellectuals in modern Chinese society.

Demonstrating a lacuna within the discipline of anthropology regarding its connection to colonialism in North America. this dissertation analyses Julian Steward's oeuvre and theorises him in four novel ways. First, his life-work is introduced with a focus on his representations of Indigenous Peoples. Second, his life-work is contextualised with respect to American federal Indian policy. Third, Steward's evolutionary theory is shown to have been designed as an explicit counter to Boas' method, belying a Spencerian biological analogy, and placing him outside of the "Americanist tradition." Finally, the culmination of Steward's method and theory, heralded as an objective approach to understanding Indigenous Peoples social organisation and the "scientific" method of anthropology, is exposed as a programmatic of the US Department of Justice in proceedings before the Indian Claims Commission, and showing it as a colonial science. Archival material regarding Steward's involvement in the Uintah Ute, Dockets 44 & 45 before the Indian Claims Commission, forms the data for this exposition. Exposing the connection of Steward's work to US government policy begins to fill the gap regarding anthropology's connection to colonialism in North America, and prompts a serious reconsideration of the discipline's method. practice, science, history, historiography, and curriculum regarding Indigenous Peoples.

A collection of lyrical, free verse poems that trace the evolution of a young woman's consciousness as she matures into the roles of spouse. mother and grown daughter. The natural -slope"" from order to disorder runs through the poems as secrets take shape, children are injured, a marriage falters, and a mother dies. Even sleep, a recurring theme, loses its innocence: first appreciated for the rest it offers, it is soon disparaged as "grease for the gears of loss. rehearsal for complete darkness."

This thesis is a long work of fiction, straddling the line between a cycle of short stories and a novel. The work is comprised of 35 chronological sections, with a new main character in each section. The dominant narrative of the book is a twenty-four hour period in which the individual narratives of characters gradually overlap and inform one another. Each section in the book is preceded by a meditation on a species of native bird that thematically relates to the character to follow. In sum. the project attempts to unite a number of disparate perspectives into a cohesive whole.