The majority of children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) have comorbid Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (95%; Fryer et al., 2007). The goal of this study was to compare the neuropsychological and adaptive skills profiles of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) with or without comorbid FASD in order to improve interventions for both of these populations. This study paid particular attention to neurological, cognitive, and adaptive skills strengths and weaknesses in children with ADHD/FASD and children with ADHD without comorbid FASD. By identifying these strengths and weaknesses recommendations were able to be made to help the functioning of each of children with ADHD/FASD and children with ADHD in their home, community, and school environments based on their neuropsychological and adaptive skills profiles. Neurologically, children with ADHD/FASD and children with ADHD have been shown to have impairment in the basal ganglia, cerebellum, corpus callosum, frontal lobes, hippocampus, hypothalamus, occipital lobes, parietal lobes, temporal lobes, and thalamus. Cognitively, children with ADHD have been shown to have difficulty in areas such as working memory and processing speed with less significant deficiencies in verbal ability and perceptual organization whereas children with ADHD/FASD have shown impairment in all of these cognitive abilities. When compared to typically developing children with approximately the same level of general intelligence, children with ADHD have been shown to obtain lower standard scores in all domains of adaptive functioning and children with FASD have been shown to demonstrate significant adaptive skills deficits throughout the lifespan. This study used specialized statistical procedures including Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA), Discriminant Analysis (DA), and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) in order to investigate the neuropsychological and adaptive skills in 81 children with ADHD/FASD and 147 children with ADHD. The statistical analyses indicated that children with ADHD/FASD and children with ADHD have similar cognitive and adaptive skills profiles; however, the children with comorbid ADHD/FASD were significantly more impaired in verbal ability, perceptual reasoning, working memory, processing speed, and overall adaptive skills. The current study took a step forward in helping to make diagnostic decisions based on the similarities and differences between children with ADHD with and without comorbid FASD. Given the data from the current study indicating the significant differences in cognitive and adaptive skills in these two samples, it is imperative that psychopharmacological interventions be tailored to these two seemingly similar yet different groups, especially as these two groups may respond differently to stimulant medication, the first line of medicinal treatment for ADHD. Children with ADHD/FASD should also be treated with more intense interventions in the home, community, and school than children with ADHD. / Department of Educational Psychology

Dissertation submitted in partial compliance with the requirements of the Master's Degree in Technology: Homoeopathy, Durban Institute of Technology, 2006. / The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a Nutritional Supplement (Advanced Brain Food®) and a homoeopathic complex (Quietude®) in the management of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). ADHD is primarily a childhood disorder affecting ten to twenty percent of school going children. The three main presenting features of ADHD are inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. This triad often results in numerous adjustment difficulties for the child in the social and academic sectors (NIH Consensus Statement, 1998). / M

Thesis (MA. (Clinical Psychology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2004. / Refer to the document

ADHD is a neuro-biological disorder which is characterized by the child’s levels of attention concentration, absentmindedness and impulsiveness inadequate to the natural development. This is one of the most frequently occurring psychical disorders among children (APA, 1994). Although doctors described ADHD many years ago, its wide spreading has been acknowledged only recently. There is no exact data, but it is considered that from 3 to 10 per cent of pre-schooling age children and from 4 to 5 per cent adults have ADHD. ADHD is frequently related to learning disorders in reading, writing and doing calculations; other behavioral disorders are also possible (Wender, 2000). In Lithuania, in almost any group of any kindergarten there are one or more impulsive or/and hyperactive children. It has been observed that such children are hard to teach, they do not react the way other children do and frequently disturb work. It is understandable that children with officially recognized attention disorders and hyperactivity (ADH) cause multiple problems to their parents and pedagogues. The available information on ADHD is not sufficient presently. Besides, it is frequently controversial (Sinkevičienė, 1998). Scientists exploring the area of applied physical activity face difficulties in planning explorations and analyses dealing with the motoric activity of children with ADHD. There is little information on proper exploration methods usable when analyzing the applied physical activity of... [to full text]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the experiences of mainstream foundation phase educators who teach learners diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), as well as to understand the intervention strategies that these educators use when dealing with these learners. The study is qualitative and based on the interpretivist paradigm. It is a case study of seven mainstream educators who were all teaching learners that were diagnosed with ADHD. The study was guided by the following research questions: What are the experiences of mainstream educators who teach learners diagnosed with ADHD? What intervention strategies do educators employ to handle learners with ADHD? What support structures exist in schools to assist educators of learners with ADHD? The study reveals that the educators in these mainstream schools do not feel sufficiently skilled and effective in meeting the learning needs of their learners diagnosed with ADHD. Their large class groups, lack of available support structures, and lack of parental support and professional intervention, contribute largely to this situation. Drugs such as Ritalin may not be a cure, but are sometimes helpful in improving learner behaviour and productivity. This however is not always possible due to the varying array of symptoms that co-exist in ADHD and the effectiveness of medication and intervention is unique to each learner. Psychological assessment assists in highlighting the unique educational needs of these learners. Educators rely on the advice and support given by physicians and psychologists. Drug therapy must be used in conjunction with behaviour therapy as this is beneficial to the learner diagnosed with ADHD and to the class environment. The findings of the study indicate the absence of remedial education in these mainstream schools. There is a need for all mainstream educators to become trained and skilled in understanding and teaching learners with ADHD. Greater awareness, involvement, coaching and support needs to be available for all those involved with ADHD. This implies that the provision of effective intervention and support will empower educators, potentially minimize the early drop out of learners affected with ADHD and facilitate a productive outcome and future for them. A limitation of this study is that this small sample size does not reflect the education setting of all mainstream schools in South Africa. Mainstream schools vary extremely in degrees of resourcefulness and class size. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alabama at Birmingham, 2008. / Additional advisors: Margaret Rice, Boyd Rogan, Foster Watkins, Martha Barber. Description based on contents viewed May 29, 2008; title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references (p. 112-120).

Thesis (M.S. in psychology)--Washington State University, August 2009. / Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 15, 2009). "Department of Psychology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-31).

137 f. / Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-25T18:37:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Diana Cardoso.pdf: 643826 bytes, checksum: 24ae80b1e26893a6fc929332fabcefa0 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora Lopes(silopes@ufba.br) on 2013-04-30T20:22:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Diana Cardoso.pdf: 643826 bytes, checksum: 24ae80b1e26893a6fc929332fabcefa0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-04-30T20:22:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Diana Cardoso.pdf: 643826 bytes, checksum: 24ae80b1e26893a6fc929332fabcefa0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / A presente pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar a concepção do professor sobre o TDAH (Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção e Hiperatividade) na identificação, caracterização e gestão dos comportamentos desatento, hiperativo e impulsivo dos alunos em sala de aula. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram quarenta professores que lecionam nas classes de educação infantil, ensino fundamental e ensino médio em escolas públicas e / ou particulares da cidade de Salvador, participantes dos cursos ministrados pela mestranda sobre TDAH entre o 2º semestre de 2005 e o 1º semestre de 2006. O referencial teórico foi construído com base em: Barkley (2002), Mattos (2003), Arruda (2006), Vasconcellos (2002), Vigotski (1998) e outros autores. O método adotado foi a análise de conteúdo obtido a partir das informações contidas no instrumento utilizado para a coleta dos dados: um questionário aberto contendo 11 (onze) questões que foram distribuídas em três categorias: a primeira referiu-se a caracterização dos comportamentos desatento, hiperativo e impulsivo; a segunda dedicou-se ao aspectos social e emocional e a terceira tratou da práxis pedagógica. Diante da análise dos dados, observou-se a semelhança da descrição das características dos comportamentos desatento, hiperativo e impulsivo, feita pelos professores, com os critérios diagnósticos do TDAH apresentados pelo Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico de Transtornos Mentais - DSM IV. Constatou-se, assim, que o conhecimento dos professores sobre o TDAH, consiste apenas em caracterizar os comportamentos desatento, hiperativo e impulsivo. Os resultados mostraram o desconhecimento e despreparo deles para lidar com o aluno que apresenta estes tipos de comportamento em sala de aula; bem como os sentimentos de impotência, intolerância e incapacidade vivenciados pelo professor. Por fim, evidenciou-se a importância de fomentar discussão sobre o modelo de gestão e metodologia usado em sala de aula, pois o estudo revelou a tendência dos professores em atribuir o comportamento inadequado do aluno a causas familiares, emocionais e sociais, esquecendo de refletir sobre a práxis pedagógica adotada nas escolas. / Salvador

An overview of Attention Deficit Disorders is given along with a description of attribution theory and issues facing MSWs in CPS type settings. A questionnaire was administered to Masters of Social Workers (MSWs) employed by the Department of Children's Services, San Bernardino, California to test the hypothesis that Master of Social Work (MSW) workers attitudes towards children with Attention Deficit Disorders (ADD/ADHD) are affected by the perceived cause of the disorders.

During the past 80 years, similar descriptions of a hyperactive behavior pattern in children have appeared in medical, educational, and psychological literature. Hyperactivity has been conceptualized as a character disorder, an organic disorder, and, most recently, as a behavior disorder. In this study, hyperactivity was explained in interactional terms, using Rotter's social learning theory of personality. Little consideration has been given in research to the influence of an abnormally high activity level upon personality development during childhood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the general influence of negative interactions associated with hyperactivity upon the organization of four personality constructs: locus of control, self-esteem, trait anxiety, and state anxiety.