My thesis is called "Sport fishery in Prague and the main motivation for this hobby". The Vltava river belongs to the main rivers in Czech Republic. It begins its flow when the Warm Vltava and the Cold Vltava join is the Šumava mountains. In my thesis I occupied with the analysis the Prague's part of the Vltava river. I concentrated to the quality of the water and local ichtyofauna. There is mentioned the history of the fishery in Prague and current situation of the fish territory. In detail there is watched the fisgery at the territories Botič 2 (ÚN Hostivař) and Vltava 5. Here I watched the catches of the specific fish's species in the fixed period. Using the survey I found out the motivation for the fishery and student's knowledge of the "Fishes" at the chosen secondary schools. At the end I prepared themes (theoretic and practical) as a content of the kid's fishery society for the whole school year. Key words: The Vltava river, fishery, fish catches, motivation, students

Ichtyofauna with emphasis on fish fry community was studied in cascade reservoir complex of the Vltava River. Fish spatial distribution and species composition was observed along longitudinal axis of Kamýk, Slapy, Štěchovice and Vrané reservoirs using hydroacoustic, trawling and beach seining.

Fish community of the upper Blanice river basin was studied in eight localities between 62 and 77 river´s km. During the research in the year 2004-2006 was evidenced the occurrence of European crayfish (Astacus astacus) and the freshwater pearl musel (Margaritifera margaritifera). By the ichthyological research was found the occurence of thirteen species of fish and lampreys. In the public notice No. 395/1992 Sb. include Lampetra planeri into critically endangered and three endangered species (Lota lota, Phoxinus phoxinus, Cottus gobio). There are occured the allochtonous fish species Salvelinus fontinalis and Oncorhychus mykiss. The dominant kind is Salmo trutta morpha fario. The next species are Leuciscus cephalus, Leuciscus leuciscus, Thymallus thymallus, Barbatula barbatula. Evidently the allochthonous origin are Rutilus rutilus and Perca fluviatilis in this river basin. For the conservation and the biodivesity safeguarding is necessary to keep the extensive land management in this area and the sensibile catchment and do not affected the natural succesion of the watershed configuration by the adverse ameliorative effects.

The Chabarovice coal mining pit arose by flooding the former strip mine area for brown coal. After filling, the pit area should reach about 225 hectare, total volume of water 34.4 mil. m3, average depth 15,6 meters with maximum of 23,3meters. It is assumed that the pond and adjacent areas will be used for recreation usage after completion of recultivation and ground shaping. I have performed the investigations in June and in August 2004 - 2005, using basic ichthyological methods. The data about recruitment were collected by the littoral seine net and adult fish (older than one year) were investigated by gillnets nets. Fish was determinated to genus, individually measured by slide caliper (fry) and by measuring plate (adult fish). The lenght of fish body (SL-standart lenght) was measured in millimeters and fish were weighted separately (W v g). In the year 2005, also scales were taken from individual fish for the age assesment. Obtained data were processed with regard to performed biomanipulation measures in individual sectores. Nine fish species and one hybrid were recorded by the monitoring with gillnets nets. The most numerous fish were juveniles and adults of rudd with SL 74 {--} 300 mm and the weight up to 618 g. The fish species with the strongest impact upon the pit ecosystem function is conitnuously the perch with the dominance of individuals with SL 46 to 337 mm and weight zup to 850 g.

Depuis de nombreuses années, les évaluations de la faune circulante au sein de l’estuaire de la Gironde s’appuient sur plusieurs dispositifs de suivis ichtyologiques, chroniques de pêches scientifiques et professionnelles. Cependant, ces approches conventionnelles nécessitent souvent un échantillonnage conséquent, restent ponctuelles dans le temps, spatialement limitées et destructrices. Tester la mise en œuvre d’un suivi acoustique prend ainsi toute son sens et son intérêt. Plus largement appliqué en milieux marin et lacustre, cette approche reste encore rarement utilisée en estuaires. En raison de l’extrême variabilité intrinsèque de ce type d’écosystème, la mise en œuvre de cet outil est un réel défi. En s’appuyant sur la connaissance préalablement acquise, une réflexion méthodologique approfondie a été menée pour définir des stratégies d’échantillonnage acoustiques afin d’optimiser la récolte de ce type de données. Plusieurs stratégies acoustiques ont d’abord été testées en tenant compte de la complexité et de la taille importante de l’écosystème étudié. La pertinence de ces données recueillies a ensuite été confrontée aux données des pêches scientifiques. Enfin, l’hydroacoustique a été mis à profit pour répondre à des questions sur la dynamique ichtyologique à des échelles spatiales et temporelles plus fines notamment pour étudier les influences tidales et nycthémérales. Ce travail démontre qu’il est possible de mettre en place un suivi acoustique des peuplements ichtyologiques pour un estuaire comme la Gironde. Comme outil complémentaire aux approches traditionnelles, l’hydroacoustique ouvre un large champ de possibilités pour appréhender la biocénose piscicole pour les milieux estuariens. / For many years, assessments of fish densities within the Gironde estuary have been based on a number of different fish monitoring techniques, as well as professional and scientific surveys. However, these approaches are often destructive. They require substantial sampling, and are limited from the points of view of both time and space. With this in mind, the benefits of non-invasive acoustic monitoring are clear. While such methods are often used in lakes and other marine environments, they have yet to be widely applied to shallow-water areas, in particular estuaries. Applying an acoustic approach to this kind of intrinsically changeable environment represents a real challenge. In this research project, an in-depth methodological study was carried out to determine the optimum way of applying acoustic sampling. Several acoustic monitoring strategies were then tested, keeping in mind the size and complexity of the ecosystem under investigation. The results of these tests were then checked for relevance against data from scientific fisheries. Finally, hydroacoustics was used to examine fish dynamics at finer spatial and temporal scales, notably in the study of diurnal and tidal influences. The results of this study show that it is possible to use acoustic monitoring to complement traditional methods of estimating fish populations in estuarine areas, and that the use of such a combination opens up a broad range of new possibilities.

La question de la pratique de la pêche et du rôle qu'elle a joué dans la subsistance humaine au cours de la transition Tardiglaciaire-Holocène a été abordée à l'aide de l'étude de restes d'ichtyofaunes. Les séries sont issues de sites localisés en bordure du Doubs dans le Jura: 1 série de la couche 3 de l'abri des Cabônes à Ranchot() 0 000 restes datés du Boréal), 5 séries datées de l'Epipaléolithique au Mésolithique de Rochedane à Villars-sous-Dampjoux, 2 séries mésolithiques de Gigot I à Bretonvillers et 2 séries mésolithiques de la Roche-aux-Pêcheurs à Villers-le-Lac. La méthodologie de travail a permis outre d'extraire des restes des informations archée-ichtyologiques origine du dépôt, identification, quantification, reconstitutions des tailles et des poids) de pouvoir exploiter ces données dans une optique économique, c'est-à-dire en terme de choix des espèces pêchées, des milieux exploités, des techniques de pêche employées ou de la saisonnalité d'exploitation des ressources. Les résultats démontrent que la pêche est une activité pratiquée tout au long de l'année et surtout au début de la bonne saison. Elle est réalisée essentiellement dans le milieu local et vise l'ensemble des ichtyofaunes. La ressource est prélevée dans des milieux intermédiaires de type berges ou bras secondaires le plus souvent à l'aide d'engins de piégeage comme la nasse. Le poisson est ensuite consommé sur place sans traitement préalable, puis les restes sont rejetés directement sur les sites ou dans certaines zones particulières. La pêche est une activité bien développée et maîtrisée. L'exploitation des ressources piscicoles semble optimisée et vise à obtenir un certain rendement de pêche en fournissant un effort réduit. / This dissertation focuses on understanding fishing practices and their role in human subsistence economies during the Late-Glacial/Earl Holocene transition, through the ichtyo-archaeological study of over 11,000 fish bone remains. The remains original from four archaeological sites of the Doubs hydrographical basin (Jura, France), namely the Cabônes rock-shelter in Ranchot ( 1 very large assemblage dating from the Boreal period),Rochedane in Villars-sous-Dampjoux (5 assemblages spanning the Epipaleolithic to the Mesolithic), Gigot in Bretonvillers (2 mesolithic assemblages) and Roche-aux-Pêcheurs in Villers-le-Lac (2 mesolithic assemblages). After an initial reassessment of the most common analytical tools used in ichtyo-archaeology, we developed a thorough protocol allowing bath the characterisation of our assemblages (origin of deposit, taxonomical identification, quantification, body-size and weight estimates and the economic analysis of fishing as a subsistence activity. Fishing appears to have been practiced year-round, with an increase in catch at the beginning of the warm season. The activity stayed very local, and targeted ail of the available species. Fishermen seem to have favoured intermediate river environments, such as shallow banks o side channels, most suitable for setting fish-traps. The prey was then consumed directly on site, apparently without any prior preparation, and the refuse was discarded in the immediate vicinity, often around healths. Late-Glacial and Early Holocene societies of France demonstrate an excellent command of the exploitation of fluvial resources, and fishing appears to have been optimized to maximise yield-to-effort ratios.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T19:24:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciano Caetano de Oliveira.pdf: 3284874 bytes, checksum: ae06f3a5972cc405d575539522c4433f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present study has as objective analyzes the transport of nutrients and the ichtyofauna of streams of the São Francisco Verdadeiro river micro-basin, in Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil, six sampling stations were established in three streams (Curvado, Ajuricaba and Arroio Fundo) - one station at the mouth and other at the spring of the streams. Water samples were carried out between June 2005 and May 2006, totalizing 72 samples, in different stages of the hydrologic cycle, of evaluating spatial and temporal patterns during the period of June of 2005 and April of 2006 of the fish, bimonthly samplings were accomplished by the method of electric fishing in two sampling sites. The following variables were analyzed: temperature, pH, electric conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, suspension material, total phosphorus dissolved, orthophosphate, total nitrogen and amoniacal nitrogen. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) discriminated the system in based on the largest values registered for the limnological variables that separated the periods influenced by droughts and rains. The collections resulted in 2,676 units pertaining to 29 species distributed in eight families. The spring stations presented a high density in number of individuals and larger diversity values, equitability and richness of species when compared to the mouth. However, the contribution of aloctone material contributed to the temporary structuring of the fish, reflex of the rainy period, which was not responsible for the space changes. It s worth safeguarding the importance of the appropriate handling of the basin, if it was the intention of preserving not only the aquatic biota, but the life around her, as well. / O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o transporte de nutrientes e a ictiofauna de três riachos da microbacia do rio São Francisco Verdadeiro, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brasil, foram estabelecidas seis estações de coleta em três riachos (Curvado, Ajuricaba e Arroio Fundo), sendo uma estação na foz e outra na nascente. As coletas de água foram obtidas entre junho de 2005 e maio de 2006, totalizando 72 amostras que abrangeram diferentes fases do ciclo hidrológico, e para avaliar os padrões espaciais e temporais na abundância de peixes, realizou- se coletas bimestralmente no período de junho de 2005 a abril de 2006. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica, oxigênio dissolvido, turbidez, material em suspensão, fósforo total dissolvido, ortofosfato, nitrogênio total e nitrogênio amoniacal. A análise de componentes principais (ACP) discriminou o sistema com base nos maiores valores registrados para as variáveis limnológicas, ficando separados os períodos influenciados pelas secas e chuvas. As coletas resultaram na captura de 2676 exemplares pertencentes a 29 espécies distribuídas em nove famílias. As estações de nascente apresentaram uma alta densidade em número de indivíduos e maiores valores de diversidade, eqüitabilidade e riqueza de espécies em relação à Foz. Contudo, o aporte de material alóctone contribuiu para a estruturação temporal dos peixes, reflexo do período chuvoso, que não foi responsável por mudanças espaciais, mas sendo assim cabe a ressalva da importância do manejo adequado da bacia, no intuito de preservar não só a biota aquática, como a vida ao redor dela.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-12T14:47:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciano Caetano de Oliveira.pdf: 3284874 bytes, checksum: ae06f3a5972cc405d575539522c4433f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-02-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The present study has as objective analyzes the transport of nutrients and the ichtyofauna of streams of the São Francisco Verdadeiro river micro-basin, in Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brazil, six sampling stations were established in three streams (Curvado, Ajuricaba and Arroio Fundo) - one station at the mouth and other at the spring of the streams. Water samples were carried out between June 2005 and May 2006, totalizing 72 samples, in different stages of the hydrologic cycle, of evaluating spatial and temporal patterns during the period of June of 2005 and April of 2006 of the fish, bimonthly samplings were accomplished by the method of electric fishing in two sampling sites. The following variables were analyzed: temperature, pH, electric conductivity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, suspension material, total phosphorus dissolved, orthophosphate, total nitrogen and amoniacal nitrogen. The Principal Components Analysis (PCA) discriminated the system in based on the largest values registered for the limnological variables that separated the periods influenced by droughts and rains. The collections resulted in 2,676 units pertaining to 29 species distributed in eight families. The spring stations presented a high density in number of individuals and larger diversity values, equitability and richness of species when compared to the mouth. However, the contribution of aloctone material contributed to the temporary structuring of the fish, reflex of the rainy period, which was not responsible for the space changes. It s worth safeguarding the importance of the appropriate handling of the basin, if it was the intention of preserving not only the aquatic biota, but the life around her, as well. / O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar o transporte de nutrientes e a ictiofauna de três riachos da microbacia do rio São Francisco Verdadeiro, Marechal Cândido Rondon, Paraná, Brasil, foram estabelecidas seis estações de coleta em três riachos (Curvado, Ajuricaba e Arroio Fundo), sendo uma estação na foz e outra na nascente. As coletas de água foram obtidas entre junho de 2005 e maio de 2006, totalizando 72 amostras que abrangeram diferentes fases do ciclo hidrológico, e para avaliar os padrões espaciais e temporais na abundância de peixes, realizou- se coletas bimestralmente no período de junho de 2005 a abril de 2006. Foram analisadas as seguintes variáveis: temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica, oxigênio dissolvido, turbidez, material em suspensão, fósforo total dissolvido, ortofosfato, nitrogênio total e nitrogênio amoniacal. A análise de componentes principais (ACP) discriminou o sistema com base nos maiores valores registrados para as variáveis limnológicas, ficando separados os períodos influenciados pelas secas e chuvas. As coletas resultaram na captura de 2676 exemplares pertencentes a 29 espécies distribuídas em nove famílias. As estações de nascente apresentaram uma alta densidade em número de indivíduos e maiores valores de diversidade, eqüitabilidade e riqueza de espécies em relação à Foz. Contudo, o aporte de material alóctone contribuiu para a estruturação temporal dos peixes, reflexo do período chuvoso, que não foi responsável por mudanças espaciais, mas sendo assim cabe a ressalva da importância do manejo adequado da bacia, no intuito de preservar não só a biota aquática, como a vida ao redor dela.

Evolutionary relationships between Barbus species have been already studied in the past, but most of the studies were based only on mitochondrial DNA, there is no detailed study based on nuclear markers. This is mainly due to the fact that Barbus species are tetraploid. The western part of Greece has been studied insufficiently, and moreover a greater diversity of freshwater ichthyofauna is expected here. Greece is one of the hotspots of biodiversity. Greek river system is characterized by a significant proportion of endemic species of freshwater fishes. In this work evolutionary relationships between Barbus species were studied, with focus on diversity of Greek lineages. The geographical distribution of Barbus species has been also revised. In total, 192 individuals were analyzed, 156 individuals were from 40 Greek localities and another 36 Barbus species were from other areas of distribution of the genus. Dataset was supplemented with avaible published sequences. For the phylogenetic analysis mitochondrial gene cytochrom b, 1st intron of ribosomal protein gene S7 and 2nd intron of gene beta-actin were used. For both nuclear markers paralog-specific primers were used. The analysis of cytochrom b revealed several well-supported lines: 1. species of southwestern Mediterranean (B. meridionalis and B....

Summary: The thesis comprises from the introduction and five main parts: three of them are published papers, the rest two are manuscripts prepared for submitting to the scientific journals. The first two are published phylogenetic studies of the cichlasomatine cichlids based on (1) molecular characters, and (2) both morphological and molecular data with the description of a new genus Andinoacara. The third (3) is the already published description of the new species Andinoacara stalsbergi from Peru combining both morphological and phylogenetic approaches and including the detailed phylogeny of the genus Andinoacara. The next unpublished manuscript (4) is the more detailed comprehensive phylogeography of the two non-relative genera (including Andinoacaras) of the trans-Andean cichlids. Including all valid species from the majority of their distribution areas it was reconstructed the ancestral area of both genera in the Choco region, Colombia, and revealed the directions of their distribution spreading. The last (5) unpublished manuscript is the phylogeographical study of the cichlid genus Serranochromis from the headwaters of the totally unknown Central Angola. It showed several evidences of the faunal exchange among the adjacent river systems. Lastly, the thesis is supplemented by several appendices...