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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
51

Entwicklung einer Methode mittels hochauflösender ICP-MS zur Bestimmung von Siliciumspuren in anorganischen und organischen Matrices sowie von Siloxanen in Geweben

Klemens, Patrick. Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
Universiẗat, Diss., 2003--Mainz.
52

Temperature and density measurements at an inductively RF excited hydrogen plasma discharge

Abdel-Rahman, Mohamed. Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
Essen, University Diss., 2004--Duisburg.
53

Beiträge zur räumlich aufgelösten Analyse mittels Scanning- Laserablation-ICP-Massenspektrometrie unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Schichtsystemen und Supraleitern

Plotnikov, Alexei. Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
Techn. Universiẗat, Diss., 2003--Dresden.
54

Charakterisierung von Huminstoffen durch Fraktionierung und Metallgehaltsbestimmung mittels eines gekoppelten Systems Kapillarelektrophorese - induktiv gekoppeltes Plasma-Massenspektrometer

Eifler, Dirk. Unknown Date (has links) (PDF)
Universiẗat, Diss., 2005--Hamburg.
55

Stanovení beryllia ve složkách životního prostředí

Habarta, Petr January 2009 (has links)
No description available.
56

Determinação de Estanho em Tecidos de Ratas Por ICP-MS

BRANDAO, P. A. 21 May 2015 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-29T15:35:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_8864_Poliane Aparecida Alves Brandão.pdf: 1591021 bytes, checksum: 2f1970e87c9c736cc721535a950ade0a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-05-21 / Os organoestânicos, principalmente o tributilestanho (TBT), são contaminantes ambientais, utilizados principalmente em tintas anti-incrustantes para navios. Eles sofrem bioacumulação e podem ser encontrados em mamíferos, inclusive em seres humanos. A principal fonte de exposição é a ingestão de alimentos contaminados. Esse estudo possuiu como objetivo a determinação de estanho em tecidos de ratas expostas cronicamente a TBT utilizando espectrometria de massas com plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP-MS). Ratas Wistar adultas foram usadas na experimentação, sendo divididas dois grupos: o grupo exposto a 100 ng kg-1 dia-1 de TBT por 15 dias e o grupo de referência que recebeu somente o veículo durante o mesmo período de exposição. Ao final da exposição, os animais foram sacrificados e coletados plasma, coração, rim, pulmão, fígado e ovário para análise. As amostras foram secas em estufa por 72 horas e pulverizadas. A determinação de estanho foi realizada por ICP-MS após a digestão ácida assistida por micro-ondas de uma amostra com aproximadamente 100 mg. O limite de detecção (LD) calculado foi 4,3 ng L-1, o que permite a determinação de estanho em amostras de tecidos de animais usados para experimentação. A exatidão foi verificada pela análise do material de referência certificado de urina, Seronorm Urine (54,6 ± 2,7 µg L-1), tendo como resultado 50,1 ± 3,8 µg L-1. A concentração de estanho foi determinada em amostras de plasma, coração, rim, pulmão, fígado e ovário do grupo exposto a TBT e do grupo controle. Houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os dois grupos para todas as amostras analisadas. As diferenças entre os grupos foram mais pronunciadas nas amostras de fígado e rim. Além disso, este estudo mostrou que a presença de estanho no organismo de ratas distribui-se pelos tecidos acarretando em alterações morfofisiológicas já descritas em ovários, coração e fígado.
57

Avaliação de métodos empregando a espectrometria de massas com plasma acoplado (ICP-MS) para determinação de impurezas elementares e especiação química de arsênio e mercúrio em fármacos e excipientes / Evaluation of methods using coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for determination of elemental impurities and chemical speciation of arsenic and mercury in drugs and excipients

Giovanna de Fatima Moreno Aguiar 13 September 2017 (has links)
Com o aumento das exigências regulatórias e estabelecimento de limites mais restritos para impurezas elementares em fármacos e excipientes usados em formulações farmacêuticas, ocorreu uma busca por técnicas analíticas capazes de quantificar elementos em níveis traço e assegurar a qualidade e a segurança dos medicamentos. A espectrometria de massas com plasma acoplado indutivamente (ICP-MS) é uma técnica multielementar, que apresenta alta sensibilidade e é empregada com eficiência na análise de elementos traço em diferentes matrizes. O ICP-MS, acoplado a um sistema separador como o cromatógrafo líquido de alta eficiência (HPLC), possibilita a especiação de elementos químicos, o que é importante, pois a toxicidade pode estar diretamente ligada à forma química do elemento, como ocorre para o Hg e As. Neste sentido, os objetivos deste trabalho foram desenvolver e validar um método de análise simples, rápido e com alta sensibilidade, para determinação de 15 impurezas elementares: As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Ir, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Hg, Os e Mo, em diferentes fármacos e excipientes, em níveis que atendam aos novos critérios estabelecidos pelos órgãos regulatórios, avaliar a utilização da cela de reação dinâmica (DRC) para eliminação de interferências espectrais na determinação de As, Cr e V, realizar a especiação de As e Hg, e aplicar esta metodologia para análise de diversas amostras comprovando sua robustez, versatilidade e vantagens para utilização em rotina. Foram avaliadas cinco estratégias de preparo de amostra: digestão em micro-ondas sistema fechado e digestão em micro-ondas - sistema aberto, digestão em banho-maria, diluição direta em meio ácido e extração utilizando ponteira de ultrassom. Através de ensaios de recuperação e materiais de referência certificados, os melhores resultados (84 a 101%) foram obtidos com a digestão das amostras em sistema fechado de micro-ondas e extração por ponteira de ultrassom. Os limites de detecção variaram entre 0,001 ng g-1 (103Rh) e 0,083 ng g-1 (75As). Em seguida, a metodologia analítica foi empregada para determinação dos elementos em estudo em 74 amostras de fármacos e excipientes. O elemento mais frequentemente encontrado foi o Cu, seguido por Cr, Mo, Ni, Pd e V. Já os elementos químicos Ir, Pt, Os e Ru não foram detectados. Cabe destacar que as concentrações de Pd, Rh, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, V e Mo encontraram-se acima do limite preconizado pela farmacopeia americana em algumas amostras. A análise por especiação química de As mostrou que as amostras possuíam apenas as formas inorgânicas e mais tóxicas. Em relação ao Hg, apenas uma amostra apresentou níveis detectáveis deste elemento, mas a concentração estava abaixo do limite estabelecido pela farmacopeia americana. / Due to quality and safety reasons, regulatory requirements and establishment of more restricted limits for elemental impurities in drugs and excipients are increasing. These regulations promoted a search for simple and robust analytical techniques for quantification of trace elements. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is an attractive technique for this purpose, presenting multielement and high sensitivity capabilities. ICP-MS can be hyphenated to separation techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), enabling chemical speciation analysis. Speciation analysis may reveal the chemical form of the element that may be more directly related to the toxicity. In this sense, the objectives of this work were to develop and validate a simple, fast and highly sensitive method for the determination of 15 elemental impurities: As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Ir, Pd, Rh, Ru, Hg, Os and Mo, in different drugs and excipients, at levels that meet the new criteria established by the regulatory agencies. We also evaluated the use of the dynamic reaction cell (DRC) to eliminate spectral interferences for As, Cr And V. Finally, for As and Hg, speciation methods were applied. All analysis were performed focusing on robustness, versatility and sample high-throughput. We tested five sample preparation strategies: closed microwave system digestion, microwave digestion - open system, water bath digestion, direct acid dilution and ultrasound probe extraction. Recovery studies in ordinary samples and reference certified materials were observed with the closed microwave digestion system and ultrasound probe extraction (84 and 101%). Detection limits ranged from 0.001 ng g-1 for 103Rh to 0.083 ng g-1 for 75As. The analytical methodology was then applied for the determination of the elements in study in 74 samples of drugs and excipients. The most frequently found element was Cu, followed by Cr, Mo, Ni, Pd and V. The chemical elements Ir, Pt, Os and Ru were not detected. It should be mention that the concentrations of Pd, Rh, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, V and Mo were above the limit recommended by the American pharmacopeia in some samples. Only inorganic arsenic (most toxic forms) was found in samples by applying speciation analysis. Regarding Hg, only one sample had detectable levels of this element, but the concentration was below the limit established by the American pharmacopeia
58

Bioalteration de verres basaltiques modèles : impact des sidérophores et rôle du fer / Bioalteration of basaltic model glasses : impact of siderophores and role of iron

Pérez, Anne 23 November 2015 (has links)
Les processus d'altération des verres basaltiques constituant le pourtour vitrifié des laves en coussins influencent les grands cycles géochimiques terrestres puisqu'ils contribuent à l'évolution de la composition des océans et de la croûte océanique et sont des acteurs de la dynamique du climat. Au regard de la diversité des communautés bactériennes peuplant ces aquifères, il est admis que l'altération de ces roches est un processus biologiquement catalysé. Toutefois, peu d'études ont cherché à quantifier cette contribution bactérienne, au regard de la diversité et de la complexité des interactions possibles. Ce travail vise à expliciter et quantifier l'influence des ligands bactériens et notamment des sidérophores sur les processus d'altération, en décomposant les systèmes naturels en situations expérimentales simplifiées. Dans cette optique, trois verres basaltiques modèles, porteurs ou non de Fe(II)/Fe(III), ont été synthétisés. Des expériences de dissolution de ces verres, à pH neutre et à 25 C, ont été réalisées (1) en conditions abiotiques (solutions de sidérophores purs, milieu de culture stérile), (2) en présence de la souche Pseudomonas aeruginosa mais en confinant le verre dans des membranes de dialyse, (3) au contact direct de la souche. En parallèle de ces expériences, des analyses des solides ont été menées et un protocole d'analyse verticale de la composition d'un verre altéré par LA-ICP-MS a notamment été mis au point. L'analyse des solutions/milieux d'altération par ICP-OES a permis d'évaluer les cinétiques et la stoechiométrie de la dissolution. Les expériences en conditions abiotiques révèlent qu'en présence de sidérophores, l'extraction préférentielle du fer structural (respectivement de l'aluminium pour un verre sans fer) via des réactions de complexation en surface des verres, est le moteur de la dissolution du réseau vitreux. Réciproquement, dans les cultures bactériennes, la production de sidérophore par Pseudomonas aeruginosa est déclenchée lorsque (1) aucun contact direct verre/bactérie n'est possible, (2) le fer est absent de l'environnement cellulaire, (3) certains métaux toxiques ou pouvant nuire aux métabolismes bactériens (typiquement l'aluminium) sont néanmoins présents et (4) le fer n'est disponible que sous sa forme réduite. Outre l'accélération de l'hydrolyse du réseau vitreux en présence de sidérophores, l'influence positive de la constitution d'un biofilm en surface des verres sur la dissolution de ces derniers a également été observée. Ces résultats mettent en évidence la forte affinité de la souche pour les verres basaltiques ainsi que le rôle central du fer, oxydé ou réduit, dans les mécanismes dégagés / The alteration of ocean basalts partly controls the composition of seawater and of the oceanic crust which in turn influences the Earth's mantle geochemistry and may also have a significant impact on Earth's climate over a geological timescale. Regarding the existence of an extensive subsurface biosphere within the basaltic basement of the uppermost oceanic crust, the weathering of basaltic glass is now considered as a bacterial mediated process. However, the diversity and complexity of the involved mechanisms interfere with the quantification of the impact of microorganisms. This work was conducted to determine and quantify the influence of organic ligands produced by the cells, and notably siderophores on the alteration processes. Simplified experimental systems were designed to gradually mimic natural environments. Fe(III)-, Fe(II)-bearing, and Fe-free synthetic basaltic glasses were prepared and submitted to dissolution experiments at 25 C and near neutral pH conditions in (1) abiotic conditions (pure siderophore solutions and sterile bacterial medium), (2) in the presence of the bacterial strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa but isolated from the bacterial suspension by dialysis bags and (3) directly in contact with the strain. In parallel, solid analysis were conducted and LA-ICP-MS analysis protocols were notably developped. Dissolution kinetics and stoichiometry were determined by measuring elemental concentrations in solutions by ICP-OES. In abiotic conditions, the siderophore-promoted dissolution of the glass network appears to be driven by the complexation and the preferential extraction of iron (respectively aluminium for no-Fe bearing glasses). Reciprocally, in biotic systems, the siderophore production is stimulated when (1) no direct interaction between the glass and bacteria is possible, (2) the system is Fe-defficient, (3) toxic metals (e.g. aluminium) are nevertheless present and (4) iron is only available under its reduced form. In addition to the promotion of hydrolysis rates of the silicate network by siderophores, biofilms forming at the glass surfaces were shown to have a positive impact on the dissolution kinetics. These results show the specific affinity of the strain for basaltic glasses and the central role of iron under its oxidized or reduced form in the dissolution mechanisms
59

Assessing the Structural and Alteration Controls on Gold Mineralization at Detour Lake Mine, Ontario, Canada

Dubosq, Renelle January 2017 (has links)
The giant Detour Lake deposit is a Neoarchean orogenic Au ore body located in the northwestern Abitibi district within the Superior Province. The deposit is situated along the high strain Sunday Lake Deformation Zone (SLDZ) parallel to the broadly E-W trending Abitibi greenstone belt. The lower amphibolite facies assemblage (Act-Bt-Pl-Ep-Alm ±Cal ±Qz ±Ilm) suggests maximum temperatures reaching 550°C, exceeding conditions for pyrite plasticity, an important and ubiquitous Au-bearing phase that may ultimately represent the source for Au at orogenic style Au deposits. The metamorphic assemblage also obscures the relationship between Au and biotite, a visual indicator mineral within Au-rich ore zones. This work combines microstructural, geochemical and geochronological analyses to assess the influence of regional scale deformation and alteration on Au mineralization. EBSD and LA-ICP-MS analyses on pyrite reveal Au enrichment at microstructures supporting a syn- to post-peak metamorphic and deformation-assisted Au upgrading model. EMPA and 40Ar/39Ar analyses on biotite reveal one chemically homogeneous population, which yield variably reset ages that post-date regional metamorphism and Au mineralization.
60

Registration algorithms formatching laser scans in robotics application

Lillrank, Dan January 2018 (has links)
In this study, we compare different variations of the Iterative ClosestPoint (ICP) algorithm for the purpose of matching laser scans generatedby an indoor robot. The study is mainly focused on investigating maxi-mum difference in the viewpoint the algorithms can handle, and if it canbe used for robot-pose estimation by matching laser scan data generatedat different positions in a home. This study was carried out at Electroluxusing the robotic vacuum cleaner PUREi9 for gathering the dataset tobe used for the comparison.The ICP algorithm and its variations can achieve improved perfor-mance by fine-tuning heuristics and correspondences, which often re-quires substantial manual assistance and the tuning result often varyingcase-by-case. This study limits this fine tuning to standard parametersfor the purpose of comparing standard implementations, and focuses theresult more as a guideline toward what version and format is suitable forour use case.The result confirms the superiority of the Generalized ICP (GICP)version over the other versions compared in this report. The GICP ver-sion performed better for estimating the correct transform for both thetranslation distance and rotational distance between the point clouds.Two data formats were also compared. One with the aim to create adense point cloud and another data format with a more sparse pointcloud. Comparing the result of on these two data formats, we also testedthe implicit assumption of the ICP algorithm that the point cloud have tobe dense for the algorithm to perform well. From the result obtained, weconclude that this implicit assumption does not affect the performanceof the algorithms for our usage.Keywords:, Iterative Closest Point, ICP / I den här studien jämför vi de olika variationerna av Iterative closest point- algoritmen för att matcha punkt-molnen genererade av laseravläsningar i olika positioner av en inomhusrobot. Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur stor skillnad i avstånd mellan de två punkt-molnen algoritmerna kan hantera, och om det kan användas för syftet att estimera robotens position genom att matcha laseravläsningar genererade i olika positioner i ett hem. Denna studie utfördes vid Electrolux. Robotdammsugaren PUREi9 av Electrolux användes för att samla datan som användas för jämförelsen.   ICP-algoritmen och dess variation kan uppnå förbättrad prestanda genom finjustering av heuristik och korrespondenser, vilket ofta kräver manuell korrigering och resultatet varierar ofta från fall till fall. Denna studie begränsar finjusteringen till standardparametrar för att jämföra standardimplementeringar och fokuserar på att undersöka vilken version och vilket format som passar vårt användningsfall.   Resultatet bekräftar att Generalized ICP-versionen (GICP) presterar bättre än de andra versionerna som jämfördes i denna rapport. GICP-versionen presterade bättre i att uppskatta den korrekta omvandlingen mellan punktmoln med stora variationer i avstånd och rotation. Genom att jämföra två dataformat, ett punktmoln med hög densitet och det andra ursprungliga (råa) dataformatet med låg densitet testade vi också det implicita antagandet av ICP att punktmoln måste ha hög densitet för att algoritmen ska fungera bra. Av det erhållna resultatet kan vi dra slutsatsen att detta implicita antagande inte påverkar algoritmens prestanda för vår användning.

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