The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate the value of an approach to the study of identities as a socially embedded multidimensional process that is affected by political, economic and social conditions, institutional discourses, enunciative strategies, popular (re)presentations, specific policies and mechanisms of marking difference and exclusion, as well as dynamics of acceptance and rejection. `Identisation' is presented as an amalgamation of factors, forces and interests that should not be analysed in isolation or reduced to a mono-causal approach. These theoretical claims are based on an in-depth and long term empirical exploration of the processes of identisation in the specific institutional context of Tatar and non-Tatar gymnäsias (secondary schools) in the Republic of Tatarstan, part of the Russian Federation. Data generation consisted of semi-structured and unstructured interviewing and long- term participant observation in Kazan (the capital of Tatarstan) during a period of seven months (between 1999 and 2000) with the support of a pilot study conducted over six months during the winter of 1997-98. Analysis of the data shows that a complex dialectic emerges between political discourse, institutional praxis and quotidian representations, a dialectic and interrelation that often has been ignored in the study of identities. In Tatarstan it is a dialectic between processes of Russification, Sovietisation and Tatarisation which show the need to devote special attention to the historical background in order to be able to analyse the current dynamics and representations. This work aims to stimulate and open up further research and studies in the field of identities and the regions and contexts that were part of the former Soviet Union.

Orientador: Maria das Graças Gomes Villa da Silva / Banca: Fábio Akcelrud Durão / Banca: Karin Volobuef / Resumo: Este estudo comparativo tem como objetivo mostrar como se dá a representação da memória no discurso ficcional da escritora canadense Alice Munro e de Clarice Lispector. As narrativas selecionadas, pertencentes, respectivamente, aos volumes Lives of Girls and Women, de 1971, e Felicidade clandestina, também do mesmo ano, evocam o período da infância por meio da memória e mostram que a volta ao passado possibilita a reinterpretação dos acontecimentos e o surgimento de novos significados não pressentidos na época de sua ocorrência, o que influencia na formação da identidade do narrador que reconstrói fatos já consumados em um processo mediado pela linguagem e auxiliado pela imaginação criativa. Adota-se o conceito de memória inconsciente, elemento indispensável para a formação do aparelho psíquico, proposto por Freud em obras como A Interpretação dos Sonhos, "O bloco mágico" e "Recordar, repetir e elaborar". O evento, ao ser trazido para o presente, é atualizado e reelaborado, constituindo um passado que não se mantém fechado e inalterado nos vastos palácios da memória, para utilizar as palavras de Santo Agostinho, mas que se modifica com o tempo. As recordações sofrem um deslocamento espaciotemporal e, longe de serem fieis ao que ocorreu, apresentam associações entre a memória, os contextos externos e as fantasias imaginadas. Além da movimentação pelo relato e da composição de um discurso fragmentado, há um cuidadoso trabalho com a voz narrativa e com o tempo, de modo que as narradoras-protagonistas, em ambos os casos, repetem o que foi vivido, mas de forma elaborada, admitindo atualização e revelação de novos significados e constituindo a memória como algo em processo contínuo de renovação / Abstract: The aim of this comparative study is to analyze the representation of memory in the fictional discourse of the Canadian writer Alice Munro and the Brazilian Clarice Lispector. The narratives selected belong respectively to the 1971 books Lives of Girls and Women and Felicidade clandestina, and they evoke childhood through memory. As a result, it is noted that the revision of the past makes possible the reinterpretation of the happenings and the appearance of new meanings which were not felt when they occurred, what affects the identity's formation of a narrator who reconstructs facts already passed in a process intermediate by language and by the support of creative imagination. As theoretical support it is used the concept of unconscious memory as a fundamental element in the psychic apparatus's formation, which was proposed by Freud in works such as The Interpretation of Dreams, "A Note Upon the Mystic Writing Pad" and "Remembering, Repeating, and Working Through". The happening when is being brought to the present is updated and re-elaborated, which constitutes a past that is not closed and kept unchanged in the vast palaces of memory, to use the words of Saint Augustine of Hippo, but something that changes along with time. The recollections suffer a spatial and temporal dislocation and far from being fair to what happened they present associations between memory, external contexts and imagined fantasies. Beyond the movement registered in the narration and in the composition of a fragmented discourse there is a careful work with the narrative voice and time so that the protagonist in both cases repeat what was experienced but in an elaborated manner which accepts the actualization and the revelation of new meanings that constitute memory as something in a constant process of renovation / Mestre

M.A. / In this thesis I explore the use of the bible as a normative text with regard to sexuality (especially homosexuality). I start off by focusing on the Genesis creation myth (Genesis chapters one and two), using Robert Gagnon’s gender complementarity argument against homosexuality. I then argue, that essential to understanding how to interpret the creation myth, a person can use a theory developed by Martin Noth, called Deuteronomistic History. This theory helps us to understand that the scriptures (particularly the books from Deuteronomy through to II Kings) were compiled by a group of Jewish priestly redactors (employing retrospective theology) to form part of a continuous narrative that can be said to include the book of Genesis. As such, using the Gadamerian concepts of finitude and effective history, I assert that the creation myth is historically situated, and thus cannot be uncritically applied to contemporary issues, such as homosexuality. Nevertheless it played a central role against the background of a politics of survival in the formation of a Jewish national and sexual identity. It did this through functioning as a national grand narrative. How the biblical text played this formative role, as a national grand narrative, in creating and maintaining Jewish identity, will become evident as we explore, through Richard Kearney, the function that productive imagination can fulfil in the development of sexual identity. I will further highlight this function of the productive imagination through use of Judith Butler’s concepts performativity and interpellation. It will then become evident that using the biblical text (as though it reflected the reality of sexuality as it is), in the way that Gagnon does, to establish gender essences, constitutes a naturalistic fallacy. And so we will see that the creation myth cannot be used to establish normative principles with regard to notions of strict gender essences. Thus, in concluding the thesis, I will revisit the creation myth using the insights of Judith Butler’s queer theory to demonstrate how the biblical text itself, not only does not support notions of strict gender essences, but also undermines notions of strict gender roles or essences.

A single case narrative approach is utilized to investigate the life-time experience of voice. This study arises out of research in psychology, where the concept of voice has emerged as a metaphor by which women view and experience themselves, the world, and their place in it; a metaphor central to intellectual, ethical, identity development and self-worth. This research focuses on identifying in the metaphor of voice, the constituent components of that experience throughout a life-time. It examines voice within contexts, roles, relationships and socialization processes in which it occurs in order to document complex and interrelated components of that experience including social and psychic elements, problem areas, coping responses, strategies and attributes of voice. The choice of a co-researcher in this study, a singer/songwriter -- for whom an awareness of voice is heightened -- allows this study to serve as a revelatory case. Data included taped and transcribed accounts of interviews as well as songs written by the co-researcher. The co-researcher's story revealed danger areas for voice, in a loss of voice from age 12-24, including adolescence, marriage, motherhood, mother/daughter and father/daughter relationships. It illuminated adaptive and self-empowering strategies and highlighted elements of the metaphor including interaction/release, support, recognition, experimenting/stretching beyond confining ideals, being taken seriously, something to offer, and appreciation/being heard. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

archives@tulane.edu / 1 / Michael Tosin Gbogi

This study examined professional identity of biology faculty at four-year colleges and universities and the relationship between their perceived identity, as a scientist or a teacher, and their participation in activities related to evidence-based teaching practices. This study drew upon online survey results of 328 college and university biology faculty from across the country. Results from ordinary least squares regression indicated faculty who work at very high, high, and Master's institutions had higher perceptions of science identity. Nontenure track faculty showed higher perceptions of teaching identity. Additionally, the results of this study indicated a strong teaching identity and favorable views on evidence-based teaching related to greater participation in evidence-based teaching practices. Science identity, though positively relate to the outcome, was not a statistically significant predictor of participation in activities related to evidence-based teaching practices. An implication for practice is to recognize biology faculty members' use of newer teaching methods, such as demonstrations of student-centered teaching in lectures in promotion and tenure review. An important implication for future research would be to explore if recognition for outstanding teaching through promotion and tenure cause an increase in the number of faculty who gravitate toward more education-based scholarly activities and, in turn, develop a higher teaching identity.

This dissertation focuses on the process of identity development and the role of boundaries in that process. Toward this end a study was conducted to explore the interaction between Hartman's (1991) boundaries, Marcia's (1966) identity statuses, and Berzonsky's (1989) identity styles. Data for this study was collected via survey from a convenience sample of undergraduate college students (n = 549) between ages 18 and 24 and across 4 courses at a large state institution in rural Southeastern United States. A 2-way ANOVA was used in this study to explore differences in boundary scores for both Marcia's (1966) identity statuses and Berzonsky's (1989) identity styles. No significant main effect was found for identity status, and no interactional effect was found between identity status and identity style, but a significant main effect was found for identity style. Post-hoc analyses for identity style revealed the diffuse/avoidant style as significantly higher in boundary score than the informational style, which in turn was significantly higher in boundary score than the normative style, with higher boundary scores indicating thinner boundaries. A discussion of these results and their implications for counseling practice are provided. / Ph. D.

This thesis reviews different types of identity theft and conducts and in-depth review of the threats to our personally identifiable information (PII). There has been an alarming increase in the availability of industry applications that aggregate our PII with the promise of convenience. This paper deeply explores three data aggregators: Google Mobile Wallet, COIN and PayPal Beacon, to understand what they are, potential security implications and how widespread data aggregation may alter the identity landscape as a whole. Discussion of common technologies leveraged by these data aggregators help illustrate the vulnerability of the data consumers are willingly sharing. In an attempt to better understand the crimes that steal and fraudulently use PII, this thesis introduces the ITAP, the Identity Theft Assessment and Prediction tool to illustrate why it is important to study theft and fraud as a business process. The paper presents a small, independent study conducted to emphasize the validly of both the business process ideology and usefulness of the results. Closing thoughts are presented to speculate what the future of identity could look like and how consumers may need to use the information gathered from tools such as the ITAP to shape best practices. The goal is to be two steps ahead instead of one step behind. / text

This project is an attempt to present a visual representation of gender variation. Not everyone identifies as either "male" or "female." Likewise not everyone's gender corresponds to their biological sex. Gender variation is a difficult concept to both understand and explain, in part because our vocabulary only offers the binary opposites "male" and "female". Words used to describe someone outside this gender dichotomy are confusing, used inconsistently or derogatory in nature. The project proposes that gender is a continuum and offers a possible visual representation. My hope is that this effort will enable us to better conceptualize the in-between experience as a precursor to developing more meaningful language around this topic. The written document includes a review of literature, an explanation of methods used to create the project, discussion of the results, and a final overview. The actual creative project itself is a short video found on the accompanying DVD. / Department of Telecommunications

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Rutgers University, 2008. / "Graduate Program in Sociology." Includes bibliographical references (p. 130-137).