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The research investigates the health services of Pakistan by exploring current Human Resource Development (HRD) practices and social skills training opportunities for the development of nursing staff. The research aims to explore the best practice in social skills and competency development through HRD activities by detailing a project to identify the learning needs of registered nurses leading to improved quality care services. An exploratory research approach has been adopted to achieve research objectives. This mixed method oriented research, is primarily quantitative case study, supplemented by qualitative interviews to validate and enrich data findings from questionnaires to substantiate the research. The data was collected through 600 questionnaires and 10 interviews from five major public hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. The research has identified multiple and diverse challenges of inadequate and improper HRD infrastructure, transformational leadership and participative style of management is resulting into degenerating attitudes and negative behaviours thus causing further slump. These counterproductive elements are failing to imbibe positive social skills and abilities in nursing staff resulting in creating impediments in deliverance of quality care services. This clearly indicates that there is no policy in place therefore, based on empirical evidences, as well as critical review of the literature, it proposes a model for achieving critical social skills development through training and development in order to achieve quality care standards based on the broad and long-term perspective of the strategy of input, process, output and outcome to support nursing sector, social skills development in particular to achieve optimum quality care objectives.

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The purpose of this study was to discover if predictive variables could be identified to assist manpower programs with decisions concerning trainee program assignment. The primary problem explored was: What is the relationship between selected trainee characteristics, specific vocational assessment procedures and successful outcomes in a CETA skills training center? The research concentrated on demographic variables of age, sex, ethnic group membership, education and family status, as well as scores on three sp~cific assessment procedures: academic tests, work samples, and a work behavior rating instrument. The study involved a sample of 137 subjects who had completed a vocational assessment experience, had enrolled in one of four vocational classes, and had been terminated, either successfully or unsuccessfully, from a skills training program at the Northern Virginia CETA Skill Center during fiscal year 1981-82. Demographic and test data were analyzed by means of a discriminate analysis program in an effort to differentiate between successful and unsuccessful trainee termination. The results of the study indicated that for each of the three assessment techniques tested: (1) Academic Tests, (2) Work Samples, and (3) Work Related Behavioral Observations, several significant variables were identified. Results of the discriminant analysis were astonishingly h:i.gh and appear to demonstrate that statistical relationships can be proven to exist between certain trainee characteristics, assessment procedures and training outcomes. When the discriminant analysis using the various demographic variables, scores on the work behavior rating instrument, academic tests and work samples were performed, the results were impressive. The discriminant analysis yielded predictive accuracies of 81%-100% for successful and unsuccessful terminatins in three training area. Thus it would appear that the specific demographic variables highlighted by the three assessment techniques employed at the Northern Virginia CETA Program are valuable indicators of trainee outcome. / Ed. D.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the ”accelerated” development training programme by using two specifically compiled in-basket exercises equivalent in complexity. A pre- and post-evaluation were performed to determine whether learning transfer actually took place-that is, whether competencies developed. The research focused on the following competencies: action orientation; planning and organising; analysis and problem solving; teamness; and impact. From the statistical analysis conducted, significant differences were obtained for three competencies, impact, action orientation and problem solving. The separation of variables proved to be problematic and the results could not be attributed directly to the training programme. The results are explained, the design of the evaluation critically reviewed and recommendations made to improve the design of the evaluation. The value of the study is discussed and directions for possible future research provided. / Industrial and Organisational Psychology / M. A.(Industrial and Organisational Psychology)

published_or_final_version / Education / Master / Master of Education

Ações educacionais a distância têm sido utilizadas frequentemente por instituições públicas visando a garantir uma aprendizagem contínua de diferentes servidores. Nesta situação incluem-se os profissionais da saúde pública, uma vez que o Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Brasil exige práticas profissionais que envolvem novos conhecimentos e procedimentos. A presente tese se divide em dois estudos. O objetivo do Estudo 1 consiste em analisar a influência de variáveis relacionadas às características da clientela (dados pessoais, dados profissionais e bem-estar no trabalho) e à reação ao curso (reação aos procedimentos instrucionais e reação ao desempenho do tutor) no processo de aprendizagem. O objetivo do Estudo 2 consiste em construir instrumentos de medida de Transferência de treinamento que mediram a frequência com que os participantes aplicaram conhecimentos, habilidades e atitudes (CHA) no trabalho após o termino dos cursos. As ações educacionais avaliadas consistem em cursos de especialização ofertados a distância, via internet, para profissionais de saúde pública por duas Universidades Federais do Estado de Minas Gerais: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG) e Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF). A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio da aplicação de questionários via e-mail e através de links inseridos no Ambiente Virtual de Aprendizagem (AVA) dos cursos, sendo respeitados os aspectos éticos envolvidos. Foram utilizados como instrumentos de medida questionários que investigaram dados pessoais, dados profissionais, bem como Escala de Bem-estar no trabalho, Escala de Reação aos procedimentos instrucionais, Escala de Reação ao desempenho do tutor e questionários de avaliação de Transferência de treinamento que foram construídos para serem utilizados neste estudo. A aprendizagem foi avaliada a partir das notas obtidas pelos alunos em atividades avaliativas (AV). Os procedimentos de análises dos dados envolveram análises descritivas, análises fatoriais exploratórias das estruturas empíricas dos instrumentos, análises das diferenças entre os grupos dos diferentes cursos-alvo e análises de regressão múltipla padrão para testar o conjunto de relações entre os construtos do modelo de investigação proposto. As análises fatoriais exploratórias mostraram que os instrumentos de avaliação de Reações e do Bem-estar no trabalho utilizados apresentam elevada consistência interna. Além disso, os resultados mostraram que a reação aos procedimentos instrucionais e a área de atuação profissional da amostra predizem significativamente a aprendizagem dos participantes do curso-alvo da UFMG. No grupo do curso-alvo da UFJF, não foi possível realizar a análise de regressão múltipla para testar o modelo em função do número insuficiente de respondentes. Como exposto anteriormente, foram construídos dois questionários específicos para a avaliação da transferência de treinamento, a partir da análise do material didático dos cursos e da validação semântica e por juízes. Os questionários mostraram-se válidos a partir das análises realizadas, devendo passar por estudos de evidências de validade estatística em estudos futuros. A partir do presente estudo, surgem implicações práticas que podem ser repassadas para instituições de ensino que oferecem cursos de pós-graduação a distância no campo da saúde. A relevância deste trabalho ficou evidente já que agregou novos conhecimentos para a área de avaliação de treinamento a distância em saúde pública. / Educational actions offered at a distance have been often used by public institutions to assure a continuous learning of different civil servants. This scenario includes public health professionals, since the Unified Health System (SUS) in Brazil requires operational practices that involve new knowledge and procedures. This thesis is divided into two studies. Study 1 aims to analyze the influence of variables related to the characteristics of the clientele (personal data, professional data and well-being at work) and to the reaction to the course (reaction to instructional procedures and reaction to the tutor\'s performance) in the learning process. Study 2 aims to construct Transfer of training measurement instruments that evaluated the frequency with which participants applied knowledge, skills and attitudes in the workplace after the training course ends. The evaluated educational actions consist of specialization courses offered by distance, via Internet, to public health professionals from two Federal Universities of the State of Minas Gerais: Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) and Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF). The data collection was carried out through the application of questionnaires via e-mail and through links inserted in the virtual learning environment of the courses, respecting the ethical aspects involved. Measurement questionnaires were used as instruments that investigated personal data, professional data, as well as Scale of Well-being at work, Reaction Scale to instructional procedures, Reaction Scale to the performance of the tutor and Transfer of training evaluation questionnaires that were constructed to be used in this study. The learning was evaluated from the grades obtained by the students in evaluation activities. Data analysis procedures involved descriptive analyzes, exploratory factor analyzes of the empirical structures of the instruments, analyzes of the differences between the groups in different target courses and standard multiple regression analyzes to test the set of relationships between the constructs of the proposed research model. The exploratory factor analyzes showed that the instruments of evaluation of Reactions and Well-being at work have a high internal consistency. In addition, the results showed that the reaction to instructional procedures and the area of professional performance significantly predict learning in the sample of the target course of the UFMG. In the UFJF target course group, it was not possible to perform the multiple regression analysis to test the model because of the insufficient number of respondents. As previously discussed, two specific questionnaires were constructed to evaluate the transfer of training based on the analysis of course material and semantic validation and by judges. The questionnaires were valid from the analyzes carried out, and should be based on studies of evidence of statistical validity in future studies .The present study presents practical implications that can be passed on to educational institutions by offering distance post graduation courses in the health field. The relevance of this work was evident since it added new knowledge to the area of evaluation of distance training in public health.

Training is a powerful and required method to equip human resources with tools to keep their organizations competitive in the markets. Typically at the end of class, trainees are asked to give their feelings about or satisfaction with the training. Although there are various reasons for conducting training evaluations, the common theme is the need to continuously improve a training program in the future. Among training evaluation methods, post-training surveys or questionnaires are the most commonly used way to get trainees’ reaction about the training program and “the forms will tell you to what extent you’ve been successful.” (Kirkpatrick 2006) A higher satisfaction score means more trainees were satisfied with the training. A total of 40 prediction models grouped into 10-GIQs prediction models and 6-GIQs prediction models were built in this work to predict the total training satisfaction based on trainees’ general information which included a trainee’s desire to take training, a trainee’s attitude in training class and other information related to the trainee’s work environment and other characteristics. The best models selected from 10-GIQs and 6-GIQs prediction models performed the prediction work with the prediction quality of PRED (0.15) >= 99% and PRED (0.15) >= 98%, separately. An interesting observation discovered in this work is that the training satisfaction could be predicted based on trainees information that was not related to any training experience at all. The dominant factors on training satisfaction were the trainee’s attitude in training class and the trainee’s desire to take the training which was found in 10-GIQs prediction models and 6-GIQs prediction models, separately. / text

The two longitudinal case studies that make up this dissertation sought to explain and predict the relationship between usability and clinician acceptance of a health information system. The overall aim of the research study was to determine what role usability plays in the acceptance or rejection of systems used by clinicians in a healthcare context. The focus was on the end users (the clinicians) rather than the views of the system designers and managers responsible for implementation and the clients of the clinicians. A mixed methods approach was adopted that drew on both qualitative and quantitative research methods. This study followed the implementation of a community health information system from early beginnings to its established practice. Users were drawn from different health service departments with distinctly different organisational cultures and attitudes to information and communication technology used in this context. This study provided evidence that a usability analysis in this context would not necessarily be valid when the users have prior reservations on acceptance. Investigation was made on the initial training and post-implementation support together with a study on the nature of the clinicians to determine factors that may influence their attitude. This research identified that acceptance of a system is not necessarily a measure of its quality, capability and usability, is influenced by the user’s attitude which is determined by outside factors, and the nature and quality of training. The need to recognise the limitations of the current methodologies for analysing usability and acceptance was explored to lay the foundations for further research.