Este texto verificou o tema de monitoramento de processos de produção de petróleo em plataformas no mar de forma a propor indicadores globais para monitoramento da funcionalidade dos equipamentos que envolvem estes processos, permitindo a antecipação da tomada de decisão sobre suas eminentes quedas de disponibilidade. Para tal, buscando conhecer as áreas envolvidas na gestão de uma plataforma de petróleo no mar, foram identificados os principais sistemas relacionados ao processo de produção de petróleo e optou-se pelo Sistema de Separação e Tratamento de Óleo para desenvolvimento e validação dos indicadores propostos. O Indicador Global de Funcionalidade Operacional (IGFO) foi desenvolvido a partir dos dados disponíveis para monitoramento dos processos de produção de petróleo, focado nas visões das principais áreas envolvidas na gestão da plataforma. Este indicador foi elaborado com objetivo de simplificar a análise dos processos, permitindo assim aferir o desempenho das ações de monitoramento de processos em plataformas de petróleo, de modo a atuar de forma antecipativa, contribuindo com a identificação e a disseminação das melhores práticas de manutenção preditiva. Neste aspecto, os indicadores na forma de normalização utilizada permitem comparações em diversos níveis, tanto em relação as plataformas dentro de uma empresa, como plataformas de empresas diferentes. Os indicadores globais propostos obtiveram resultados que permitiram avaliar a queda de funcionalidade dos equipamentos do Sistema de Separação e Tratamento de Óleo durante o período avaliado, servindo de base para identificação das causas das falhas destes equipamentos. Assim sendo, pôde-se perceber que a utilização dos indicadores globais identificados pode responder com sucesso às necessidades propostas / This text has verified the topic of monitoring production processes in offshore oil platforms in order to propose global indicators for monitoring the functionality of equipment in these processes, allowing the anticipation of making decisions about their eminent falls availability. To do this, seeking to know the areas involved in the management of an offshore oil platform, the main systems related to the process production of oil where identified and the system of Separation and Oil Treatment was chosen for the development and validation of the proposed indicators. The Global Indicator of Functionality Operation (IGFO) was developed from data available in monitoring production processes, with visions focused on the key areas involved in the management of the platform. This indicator was developed in order to simplify the analysis of processes, allowing the measurement of the stocks made in processes performance, in order to act in a preemptive way, contributing to the identification and dissemination of best practices of predictive maintenance. In this regard, the indicators used in the form of standardization allow comparisons at various levels, both for the platforms within a company, as platforms from different companies. The proposed global indicators obtained results that allows the evaluation of decrease in functionality of the equipments belong to the Separation System and Oil Treatment during the study period, providing the basis for identifying the causes of failures in these equipments. Therefore, it could be seen that the use of global indicators can successfully respond to the needs proposals.In the same context, it could be seen that the use of global indicators identified can successfully respond to the needs proposals

Este texto verificou o tema de monitoramento de processos de produção de petróleo em plataformas no mar de forma a propor indicadores globais para monitoramento da funcionalidade dos equipamentos que envolvem estes processos, permitindo a antecipação da tomada de decisão sobre suas eminentes quedas de disponibilidade. Para tal, buscando conhecer as áreas envolvidas na gestão de uma plataforma de petróleo no mar, foram identificados os principais sistemas relacionados ao processo de produção de petróleo e optou-se pelo Sistema de Separação e Tratamento de Óleo para desenvolvimento e validação dos indicadores propostos. O Indicador Global de Funcionalidade Operacional (IGFO) foi desenvolvido a partir dos dados disponíveis para monitoramento dos processos de produção de petróleo, focado nas visões das principais áreas envolvidas na gestão da plataforma. Este indicador foi elaborado com objetivo de simplificar a análise dos processos, permitindo assim aferir o desempenho das ações de monitoramento de processos em plataformas de petróleo, de modo a atuar de forma antecipativa, contribuindo com a identificação e a disseminação das melhores práticas de manutenção preditiva. Neste aspecto, os indicadores na forma de normalização utilizada permitem comparações em diversos níveis, tanto em relação as plataformas dentro de uma empresa, como plataformas de empresas diferentes. Os indicadores globais propostos obtiveram resultados que permitiram avaliar a queda de funcionalidade dos equipamentos do Sistema de Separação e Tratamento de Óleo durante o período avaliado, servindo de base para identificação das causas das falhas destes equipamentos. Assim sendo, pôde-se perceber que a utilização dos indicadores globais identificados pode responder com sucesso às necessidades propostas / This text has verified the topic of monitoring production processes in offshore oil platforms in order to propose global indicators for monitoring the functionality of equipment in these processes, allowing the anticipation of making decisions about their eminent falls availability. To do this, seeking to know the areas involved in the management of an offshore oil platform, the main systems related to the process production of oil where identified and the system of Separation and Oil Treatment was chosen for the development and validation of the proposed indicators. The Global Indicator of Functionality Operation (IGFO) was developed from data available in monitoring production processes, with visions focused on the key areas involved in the management of the platform. This indicator was developed in order to simplify the analysis of processes, allowing the measurement of the stocks made in processes performance, in order to act in a preemptive way, contributing to the identification and dissemination of best practices of predictive maintenance. In this regard, the indicators used in the form of standardization allow comparisons at various levels, both for the platforms within a company, as platforms from different companies. The proposed global indicators obtained results that allows the evaluation of decrease in functionality of the equipments belong to the Separation System and Oil Treatment during the study period, providing the basis for identifying the causes of failures in these equipments. Therefore, it could be seen that the use of global indicators can successfully respond to the needs proposals.In the same context, it could be seen that the use of global indicators identified can successfully respond to the needs proposals

Ambient and recreational surface waters worldwide experience fecal pollution due to a variety of anthropogenic sources. Fecal waste has been proven, for over a century, to harbor pathogenic microorganisms which subsequently cause a variety of disease and illness in human hosts. The benefits of utilizing fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) as a simple, inexpensive means to detect fitful human pathogens within a variety of water matrices are vast. However, no universal agreement exists in regard to which indicator is best suited for detection of fecal contamination and pathogens in environmental waters, and no single standard for bacterial indicators has been federally mandated. This study sought to explore the potential benefits of a multiple-indicator approach to water quality analysis of fresh and brackish surface waters. The distribution and fluctuation of two frequently used, EPA approved groups of FIB – fecal coliform and Enterococcus – were explored, and relationships between the two FIB groups were examined in fresh and brackish surface waters of Central and South Florida. Samples were collected over a period of 12 consecutive months, spanning April 2015 through March 2016, and analyzed using membrane filtration procedures outlined in Standard Methods 9222D and EPA method 1600. Raw and log transformed colony forming unit (CFU) data, per 100 mL, was analyzed annually and seasonally through linear regression, Spearman correlation, and exploratory data analysis techniques performed in R-Studio. The results of this study showed a moderate to strong relationship between fecal coliform and Enterococcus under both fresh and brackish conditions. The presence of a positive, linear relationship between fecal coliform and Enterococcus in both fresh and brackish water was apparent in both seasonal and annual regression analysis; upward and downward fluctuation(s) in one variable was shown to predict similar fluctuation(s) in the other year-round. However, while fecal coliform and Enterococcus showed moderate to strong correlations, causation was not implied. Low R2 values showed that the FIB groups were not dependent upon one another in any case, either annually or seasonally. The results of this study challenge previously accepted views of fecal coliform and Enterococcus effectiveness as ideal fresh and brackish water FIB, their suitability as sole indicators of fecal pollution, and their ideal usage as indicators for waters of varying salinities; results support those previously seen in studies such as Hanes and Fragala 1967, which emphasize the need for a multiple indicator approach to water quality analysis of ambient and recreational waters experiencing brackish conditions.

The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a relationship between four selected personality categories as measured by Myers-Briggs Type Indicator® (MBTI) and gender to leader effectiveness and flexibility as measured by Leader Behavior Analysis II Self-A® (LBAII Self-A) and years of experience in school administration. A review of literature traced leadership to the Situational Leadership II model utilized in this study. The model was based on selecting the appropriate leadership style for the individual situation and development level of followers. MBTI® measured sixteen combinations of four personality types which included Extravert® or Introvert, Sensing or iNtuitive®, Thinking or Feeling, and Judging or Perceiving. Four types were selected for this study (ISTJ, ESTJ, INTP, and ESFJ). The LBAII Self-A® instrument measured leader effectiveness and flexibility. The sample was 80 Texas school administrators in eleven school districts. Statistics utilized to test the hypotheses included Hotelling's T2, Multiple Analysis of Variance, Analysis of Variance, and Multiple Regression. Independent variables were gender and personality type. Dependent variables were leader effectiveness, flexibility, and years of experience in school administration. Findings reported a significant difference in leader effectiveness scores of the ESTJ personality type. Additionally, Judging/Perceiving was a significant predictor of years of experience of school administrators. In conclusion, a significant difference was found in leader effectiveness scores which showed that ESTJ personality types had higher scores. Another significant finding was Judging/ Perceiving as a predictor of years of administrative experience. As years of experience increased, Judging (preference for order) increased as a personality variable rather than Perceiving (preference for spontaneity). It was recommended that MBTI® and LBAII® be administered to school administrators as part of pre-service leadership training and for ongoing staff development. These instruments can be utilized as tools to help administrators understand personality type and effective leadership practices.

Supply chain risk management (SCRM) is a topic that gains more and more interest from both the academic and practitioner’s perspective. The reason for this is the increased complexity in the global supply chain (SC) networks and many managers do not realize the risks they build in their SC by the continuous search to cut cost and decrease tied up capital. One problem with SCRM is that it is hard to measure the performance of it and if it is really beneficial to work with it. The objective for this master thesis is to investigate how companies can evaluate and thereby improve their SCRM efforts by connecting the field of SCRM to the field of performance measurement systems (PMS). First, a thorough literature search was conducted where the current literature about SCRM and PMS was examined to understand what the literature recommends. This was followed by a multiple case study including semi-structured interviews with SC managers at eight companies to get the practical aspect of the problem.The results of the research show that companies work with SCRM in many different ways. The companies that have advanced furthest are the ones that have connected their SCRM to existing key performance indicators (KPIs) and because of that they have been able to measure the results of their SCRM efforts. The top-performers had a comprehensive understanding of their risk drivers and risks that affected their SC, which was consistent with the literature. Connecting the SCRM to the PMS, the companies can better monitor how the SCRM affect the performance goals for the SC performance. Then the next step is then to connect key risk indicators (KRIs) to the key KPIs that will give managers longer time to react to potential risks. Only one company in the study had accomplished this, hence, there is a great space for improvements for many companies.

No description available.

電子產業為我國長期重點發展之產業，而平衡計分卡可謂最具效力之績效管理工具。個案公司為一國內被動元件製造廠，導入平衡計分卡專案時程約三年，本研究以分析策略性衡量指標的方式，探討平衡計分卡制度導入後實際執行情況，深入瞭解如何設計合適的策略性衡量指標，並設計指標診斷機制，以提供公司所需的衡量指標回饋。 　　本研究將策略性衡量指標系統之建立區分為「策略性衡量指標設計系統」、「策略性衡量指標診斷系統」，及「策略性衡量指標回饋系統」三大部分。簡而言之，本研究說明企業如何利用平衡計分卡實際進行管理，以策略性衡量指標為重點，將企業的策略至實際營運活動一以貫之，經營者同時能藉此思考企業可精進之處，此研究結果俾作為個案公司及後續企業執行平衡計分卡時之參考。 / The electronic industry in Taiwan is the key within the industry development policy, and the balanced scorecard is one of the most powerful tools of performance management. The object of the research is a domestic manufacture of passive components, which implements the case of balanced scorecard for three years. The research explores the implementation of balanced scorecard by analyzing the strategic performance indicator, building the system of indicator diagnosis, and offers the feedback of indicator for the company need. The research divides the analysis of strategic performance indicator into “the design of strategic performance indicator”, “the diagnosis of strategic performance indicator”, and “the feedback of strategic performance indicator”. In short, the research explains how the company use balanced scorecard to manage. Use a strong logic to link from the company’s strategy to every operating activity. CEO also can think about where the company can improve. The result of research could be the reference for the case and other companies

Offentlig sektor anses inneha ett centralt ansvar för den fortsatta utvecklingen av hållbarhet då de ser till att främja och forma människors liv i samhället. Dock anses det svårt att ge en helhetsbild av hållbarhet inom kommuner eftersom begreppet är diffust och används i många olika sammanhang, i vissa fall enbart för att det förväntas användas. Lyckas inte kommuner med sin hållbarhetsutveckling kan det få stora konsekvenser för framtida generationer som inte har möjligheten till en hållbar livsstil. Denna studie undersöker Sveriges kommuner och deras arbete med mätning av miljöarbetet samt miljöredovisning. Kommunernas hållbarhetsarbete har blivit allt viktigare i takt med att människans påverkan på miljön har uppmärksammats och organisationer förväntas ta ansvar för att minska sin miljöpåverkan. / The public sector is considered to hold a key responsibility for the further development of sustainability as they look to advance and shape the lives of people in society. However, it is considered difficult to give an overall picture of sustainability in municipalities where the term is vague and used in many different contexts, in some cases only because it is expected to be used. If municipalities are not successful in their sustainability work it could result in serious consequences for future generations, who will not have the possibility of a sustainable lifestyle. This study examines the municipalities and their work with measurements for environmental performance and sustainabillity reporting. The sustainability work of municipalities has become increasingly important as the human impact on the environment has been observed and organizations are expected to take responsibility for reducing their environmental impact.

This study is devoted to investigating and developing WSN based localisation approaches with high position accuracies indoors. The study initially summarises the design and implementation of localisation systems and WSN architecture together with the characteristics of LQI and RSSI values. A fingerprint localisation approach is utilised for indoor positioning applications. A k-nearest neighbourhood algorithm (k-NN) is deployed, using Euclidean distances between the fingerprint database and the object fingerprints, to estimate unknown object positions. Weighted LQI and RSSI values are calculated and the k-NN algorithm with different weights is utilised to improve the position detection accuracy. Different weight functions are investigated with the fingerprint localisation technique. A novel weight function which produced the maximum position accuracy is determined and employed in calculations. The study covered designing and developing the centroid localisation (CL) and weighted centroid localisation (WCL) approaches by using LQI values. A reference node localisation approach is proposed. A star topology of reference nodes are to be utilized and a 3-NN algorithm is employed to determine the nearest reference nodes to the object location. The closest reference nodes are employed to each nearest reference nodes and the object locations are calculated by using the differences between the closest and nearest reference nodes. A neighbourhood weighted localisation approach is proposed between the nearest reference nodes in star topology. Weights between nearest reference nodes are calculated by using Euclidean and physical distances. The physical distances between the object and the nearest reference nodes are calculated and the trigonometric techniques are employed to derive the object coordinates. An environmentally adaptive centroid localisation approach is proposed. Weighted standard deviation (STD) techniques are employed adaptively to estimate the unknown object positions. WSNs with minimum RSSI mean values are considered as reference nodes across the sensing area. The object localisation is carried out in two phases with respect to these reference nodes. Calculated object coordinates are later translated into the universal coordinate system to determine the actual object coordinates. Virtual fingerprint localisation technique is introduced to determine the object locations by using virtual fingerprint database. A physical fingerprint database is organised in the form of virtual database by using LQI distribution functions. Virtual database elements are generated among the physical database elements with linear and exponential distribution functions between the fingerprint points. Localisation procedures are repeated with virtual database and localisation accuracies are improved compared to the basic fingerprint approach. In order to reduce the computation time and effort, segmentation of the sensing area is introduced. Static and dynamic segmentation techniques are deployed. Segments are defined by RSS ranges and the unknown object is localised in one of these segments. Fingerprint techniques are applied only in the relevant segment to find the object location. Finally, graphical user interfaces (GUI) are utilised with application program interfaces (API), in all calculations to visualise unknown object locations indoors.

The goal of this master thesis is to supply management at Saab Aeronautics with information and tools that allow for fast and effective insight into the manufacturing process. Additionally it aims to suggest improvements concerning measurements and the use of data for the internal workshops. The method of creating good performance indicators will also be part of the deliverables to Saab for future use. The master thesis is based on Analytics for Management by Tanima Chowhury and Louise Sandén, an earlier master thesis which describes a method for generating KPI:s. Furthermore the master thesis intends to answer some research questions, these questions are based around how well Analytics for Management can be adapted to a large organization like Saab and an evaluation of their previously used KPI:s. The main changes to the method as described in Analytics for Management are regarding differences in the data collection and the addition of a fourth phase. The new fourth phase uses the output from the previous three phases that are described in Analytics for Management, to assess which KPI:s are most suitable for top managerial use. The first phase utilizesthe company vision and strategy, to create suitable tactical goals. In this project, this translates to the company strategy getting linked to goals set up for the internal workshops at Saab Aeronautics. After this, in the second phase, the goals are used to produce KPI:s for the workshops. The output of phase two is therefore the chosen KPI:s that have been confirmed with management. The third phase uses the KPI:s and aims to evaluate the measurement system to either improve it or create it, if nonexistent. This part has been intentionally reduced in this report due to complexity. The fourth phase, evaluates out which KPI:s should be selected and how they should be visualized to create a good overview for management. The main result or output of the master thesis report consists of two parts, the method of generating KPI:s and the actual generated KPI:s. The KPI:s created during the master thesis are very similar to the KPI:s previously used, but improved. This indicates that the previous KPI:s is use at Saab were up to standard. However, the underlying data and traceability was not. These results generate good value for the future and the findings underline an important area. However, according to the authors, the main value should consist of highlighting the defective underlying data and solutions created to solve the problem / Med denna rapport vill man tillgodose ledningen på Saab Aeronautics med information och verktyg som effektivt ger en inblick kring verksamhetens produktionsenheter. Man ämnar också ge förslag till taktiska ledningen angående mätetal och datahantering. Utöver konkreta förslag tar man även fram metodiken för framtida bruk på Saab. För att genomföra detta appliceras en anpassning av metodiken beskriven i Analytics for Management av Tanima Chowdhury och Louise Sandén. I Analytics for Management presenteras en metodik för att ta fram och utvärdera KPI:er. I samband med metodiken ställs också forskningsfrågor upp angående anpassning av Analytics for Management mot verksamheten och en utvärdering av dagens mätetal hos Saab. Som nämnt är rapporten baserad på anpassning och tillämpning av Analytics for Management. Efter analys av metodiken och en genomförd litteraturstudie infördes bl.a. en fjärde fas samt förändringar kring datainsamling. Den fjärde fasen behandlar främst aggregering gentemot ledning och nyttjar resultatet ur fas ett till tre för att lyfta fram KPI:er som passar bra på många olika nivåer i organisationen. Den första av faserna behandlar företagets vision och strategi för att kunna koppla den mot mål på taktisk nivå. I fallet på Saab handlar det om att koppla företagsstrategi mot mål på verkstadsnivå. Sedan genereras KPI:er i fas två, där dessa också valideras mot intressenter och ansvariga i produktionen. Den tredje fasen konkretiserar mätningar och visualisering för de valda KPI:erna. Här får man alltså ut färdiga KPI:er för taktiska nivån. Fjärde fasen aggregerar samman genererade KPI:er för ledningen, på så sätt får man en överblicksbild över en större del av organisationen. Resultatet från examensarbetet består av två delar: dels metoden för framtagning av lämpliga KPI:er, men också de KPI:erna som arbetsgången lett fram till. Gällande KPI:erna som utvecklats under examensarbetet, så finns det stora likheter med de KPI:er som redan används på Saab. Skillnaden ligger i spårbarheten samt hur underliggande data hanteras. Genom metodiken och med de framtagna KPI:erna finns därför värde som kan nyttjas på flera verksamheter i organisationen. Vad författarna dock vill lyfta fram är att det kanske största värdet ligger i upptäckten kring brister i underliggande data, som idag många av mätetalen bygger på.