Bakgrund: Palliativ vård, eller vård vid livets slutskede, innebär ett förhållningssätt som syftar till att förbättra vårdsökande personers livskvalité. Livskvalité är ett begrepp som är svårt att definiera, det omfattar personens uppfattning om sin situation. Därför är det viktigt att beskriva aspekter som kan främja personers livskvalité. Syfte: Syftet med denna litteraturöversikt var att beskriva vad som främjar livskvalité hos personer som befinner sig i livets slutskede.  Metod: En litteraturöversikt som sammanställdes av elva kvalitativa artiklar. Artiklarna analyserades enligt en induktiv ansats. Inkluderade artiklar fanns genom sökning i Cinahl, Medline, AMED samt PsycInfo. Resultat: Analysen av artiklar indikerade på att livskvalité är en individuell upplevelse bland personer som befinner sig i livets slutskede. Återkommande aspekter som främjar livskvalité i livets slutskede har kategoriserats i tre kategorier: Betydelsen av relationer; Förstå sin situation; Omvårdnad vid livets slutskede. I diskussionen användes Lennart Nordenfelts holistiska teori kring hälsa och livskvalité där synen på den hela människan samt uppfyllelsen av mål är betydelsefullt. Slutsats: God palliativ vård samverkar med livskvalité som i sin tur är nära kopplat till personcentrerad vård. Därför är relationen mellan den vårdsökande personen och vårdpersonal viktig. / Background: Palliative care, or care at end of life, means an approach that aims to improve the quality of life for care seekers. Quality of life is a concept that is difficult to define, it includes the person’s perception of the situation. Therefore it is important to describe aspects that can promote people’s quality of life. Aim: The objective of this study was to describe what promotes quality of life in people who are in the final stages of life. Method: A literature review compiled by eleven qualitative articles. They have been analyzed according to an inductive approach. Included were articles by searching CINAHL, Medline, AMED and PsycInfo. Results: The analysis of the articles indicated on that quality of life is an individual perception among people who are in the final stages of life. Recurring elements that promote quality of life in the final stages of life have been categorized into three categories: The importance of relationships; Understand their situation; Nursing at the end of life. The discussion was used Lennart Nordenfelt holistic theory of health and quality of life, where the vision of the whole person and fulfillment of goals is important.Conclusion: Good palliative care interacts with the quality of life, which in turn is closely linked to person-centered care. Therefore, the relationship between the person seeking care and health professionals is important.

Thesis focuses the topic of individual change and discusses possibilities of its support in terms of psychological (self)coaching. The theoretical part summarizes key psychological traits, which may affect the success of change implementation, than provides insight into the various phases, stages and processes of both individual and organizational change. Attention is then moved to the issue of individual change goals setting and there are shown several models of goals formulation. Next chapter introduces psychological coaching as a suitable approach to the facilitation of individual change and describes specific techniques and strategies that support individuals achieving goals. Particular attention is also paid to the strategy of small steps or quick wins, also known as Kaizen, as well as the other mentioned techniques and tools that can be used in (self)coachning and selfmanagement. The research verifies the effect of Kaizen strategy on individual goals achievement. Results confirm the positive impact of Kaizen on individual success in goal achieving, but also the degrese of precieved satisfaction derived from working on goals.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:20:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Osvaldo de Oliveira Coelho.pdf: 1347392 bytes, checksum: 43bda0294f95028633dec3941aab16ba (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-29 / In various public actions in defense of individual interests has been common goal setting daily fine in case of noncompliance with court decisions, as well as judicial or extrajudicial agreement they signed last adjustment in terms of conduct. Also in cases where the recovery to the previous state of diffuse damages to property and collective proves unfeasible, there is condemnation in damages in money payments. In these cases, in overall, the calculated values should revert to a fund for the repair of diffuse and collective interests (national and state), according to article 13, caput , of Law n. 7.347/85. Of course, these funds is intended not only to repair the damages caused to the environment, but also to consumers, taxpayers, the disabled, the elderly, public health, housing and town planning, citizenship, assets and rights of artistic, aesthetic, historical, tourist, natural, per violation to the economic and other diffuse and collective interests, according to article 1º., §1º., of Law n. 9.008/95, which regulates the Defense Fund of Diffuse Interests in the São Paulo State. We must also mention that such funds exist at the federal and state areas, were created by the article 13 of Law n. 7.347/85, after being regulated by others laws. It is also to stress that the collected resources by such funds will be primarily for the purpose of repairing diffuse and collective interests, scientific and education events, and editing informational material related to the nature of the breach or damage caused, and may also be used to improve the administrative public departaments. Our goal is the choice of subject to analyse in depth the creation of such funds for repair, looking for a paradigm in American institutions, from where the legislation has inspired. It is, also, our goal to examine how resources are being used and the actual results of its use. This review should be performed in our study, with a focus on practical questions. With this aim, if not exhaust the matter, at least to reflect about the subject and a humble contribution to the improvement of the forms of a repair individual goals interests. / Em diversas ações civis públicas para a defesa de interesses metaindividuais tem sido comum a fixação de multa-diária para o caso de descumprimento de decisões judiciais, bem como de acordo judicial ou extrajudicial, estes últimos firmados em termos de ajustamento de conduta. Também nos casos em que a recomposição ao estado anterior dos danos a bens difusos e coletivos mostra-se inviável, há condenação em indenização em pecúnia. Nestes casos, em regra, os valores apurados deverão reverter a um fundo de reparação de interesses difusos e coletivos (nacional e estadual), conforme artigo 13, caput , da Lei nº. 7.347/85. Evidentemente que tais fundos têm por finalidade não só a reparação dos danos causados ao meio ambiente, mas também ao consumidor, ao contribuinte, às pessoas com deficiência, ao idoso, à saúde pública, à habitação e urbanismo, à cidadania, a bens e direitos de valor artístico, estético, histórico, turístico, paisagístico, por infração à ordem econômica e a outros interesses difusos e coletivos, conforme artigo 1º., §1º., da Lei n°. 9.008/95, que regulamenta o Fundo de Defesa dos Direitos Difusos, e artigo 2º. da Lei Estadual nº. 13.555/09, que regulamenta o Fundo de Defesa dos Interesses Difusos no Estado de São Paulo. Há que se mencionar, ainda, que tais fundos, existentes nas esferas federal e estadual, foram criados pela norma do artigo 13 da Lei n°. 7.347/85, sendo regulamentados por leis posteriores. Também é de se frisar que os recursos arrecadados por tais fundos terão a finalidade precípua de reparação de bens e interesses difusos e coletivos, realização de eventos educativos e científicos, bem como a edição de material informativo relacionado com a natureza da infração ou com o dano causado, podendo ainda ser utilizados para a aquisição de bens para a modernização administrativa de órgãos públicos. Nosso objetivo na escolha do tema é analisar, com profundidade a constituição de tais fundos de reparação, buscando um paradigma nos institutos norte-americanos, posto que serviram de inspiração ao legislador pátrio. Também é nosso objetivo analisar de que forma tais recursos estão sendo empregados e os efetivos resultados de sua utilização. Esta análise crítica deverá ser realizada em nosso estudo, com um enfoque prático sobre as questões colocadas. Com isso, pretendemos, se não esgotar a matéria, pelo menos trazer uma reflexão sobre o tema e uma humilde contribuição para o aprimoramento de uma das formas de reparação de interesses metaindividuais