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Sierra Leone is in transition to peace and development, from a previous decade long civil war. Educated Muslim women appear to have a great deal of expression, interest and passion to offer the process. The study investigates the new emerging social sub group of professional Muslim women in Sierra Leone society and explores their views and experiences of identifying and attempting to overcome the burdens of patriarchy, oppression and exploitation perpetrated by religious, social and cultural beliefs. The research and thesis consider in what ways these women and their views ‘fit’ in or challenge society and their perceptions of the potential they have as models to impact on the lives of Sierra Leonean Muslim women nationwide. Using feminist influenced research practices in order to focus on the stories and voices of these women, the study contributes to the growth of knowledge related to the emergent changing roles and perceptions of Muslim women in present day Sierra Leone. This qualitative and interdisciplinary research develops a critical focus and deliberately combines literary sources in an informative context, with feminist research methods of interviews and focus groups on issues of gender equality and empowerment. Through the interviews and focus group discussions conducted, the research portrays the perceptions of the emerging social sub group of professional Muslim women, a cross section of grass-root Muslim women and a selection of male Muslims regarding empowerment, knowledge, culture, independence and oppression. These are also illustrated as the ways the participants embrace the concept of feminism and adapt it by drawing on their Sierra Leonean, Islamic, cultural and social traditions. The research examines the various ideologies that stifle the growth of Sierra Leonean Muslim women from their perspective and it analyses the strategies used by the professional women to tackle the oppressive and repressive customs and stand up against patriarchy. It was discovered through the findings that the research gives an insight into the determination and the conviction of professional Muslim women in advocating for social change and in making their voices heard. As an outcome, it is evidenced that this emerging social sub group of Muslim women appear to be inspiring self-development moves and changes not only among the uneducated grass-root majority, but in the fold of their Muslim men-folk, resulting in a visible impact of self development and self empowerment among Sierra Leonean Muslim women.

This thesis is focused on the history of the parishes of Třebíč up to the 20th century. It describes the events and the life of the parishes in Třebíč in that time period. The first five chapters report on the history and the religious, cultural and economic life in Třebíč. The sixth chapter is devoted to the era of the First World War. The seventh chapter introduces the personalities of Třebíč who were persecuted by the political regime of that time. A pictorial inset, which complements the study, is a part of this thesis.

[pt] Em tubulações industriais e dutos, a presença de biofilme pode ocasionar danos localizados (pites e alvéolos), levando a vazamentos e redução da área de fluxo devido à formação de biomassa. Aços grau API são os materiais usualmente utilizados nas tubulações industriais e dutos que podem ser afetados pelo fenômeno de corrosão induzida por microrganismos (CIM). A CIM ocorre devido a interações entre os grupos microbianos presentes no biofilme formado, a liberação de produtos metabolitos, e a relação destes com a superfície do metal. Foi realizado um estudo do comportamento de aços graus API B, X-65 e X-80, em presença de água do mar sintética com adição de cultura mista de bactérias (BRS; BPF; BPA) em sistema dinâmico, e comparados com meio sem adição de microrganismos. Foram realizadas analises químicas do fluido de processo e a quantificação microbiana das bactérias planctônicas e sésseis que demonstraram a relação entre os grupos bacterianos dentro dos biofilmes formados e sua cinética ao longo do tempo. Microscopia eletrônica de varredura e espectroscopia de dispersão de energia foi aplicada para visualização do biofilme e seus produtos de corrosão. A extensão, severidade e morfologia da corrosão dos aços API foi avaliada por microscopia ótica, sendo possível relacionar o efeito no processo corrosivo com o consorcio de microrganismos presente, tendo sido ainda avaliado a influência da microestrutura dos diferentes aços nos sítios preferenciais de nucleação de pites. / [en] In industrial and transportation pipelines, the presence of biofilms may cause localized damage (pitting), leading to leakages and reduction of flow area due to the formation of biomass. API grade steels pipes are the materials commonly used in industrial and transportation pipelines and may be affected by this type of phenomenon. The microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) occurs due to interactions between the microbial groups present in the biofilm, the release of metabolites and their relation with the metal surface. The present work study of the behavior of API pipe steels degrees B, X-65 and X-80 in synthetic sea water containing mixed culture of bacteria (SRB, APB, IOB) carried out on a dynamic system and compared to medium without added microorganisms. Chemical analysis of the process fluid and quantification of microbial planktonic and sessile bacteria performed showed the relation between bacterial groups within biofilms and their kinetics over time. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy was applied for visualization of biofilms and their corrosion products. The extent, severity and morphology of corrosion of API pipe steels were assessed by optical microscopy, being possible to relate the effect of the consortium of microorganisms on the corrosion process. Also the influence of microstructure of different steels in preferential nucleation sites for pitting were evaluated.