This study discusses competitive interaction between smartphone manufacturers by the view of dynamic competitive. Focusing on 20 brands which have entered Taiwan smartphone market, this study collected the time of innovation behavior (technical innovation, appearance innovation and marking innovation) from Internet and smartphone magazine. There are five variables in this thesis which include firm country, firm diversity, firm outsourcing, firm age and firm size, and to the three innovation behaviors, (technical innovation, appearance innovation and marking innovation), this study proposes fifteen hypothesizes. In order to explore the relationship between firm characteristics and competitive responding speed. Using the Cox proportional hazard model in survival analysis, this study shows the result that the manufacturers respond faster while they have lower diversity and large scale.

Cette recherche, menée auprès de PME manufacturières françaises, étudie les relations entre stratégie, innovation et performance. Plus précisément, il s'agit de comprendre si des configurations spécifiques d'alignement entre la posture stratégique et le type d'innovation influencent la performance. Ce travail étudie à travers trois essais l'influence de la posture stratégique sur le profil d'innovation, l'influence de « l'effet industrie » et de « l'effet firme » en tant que contingences sur la posture stratégique, le profil d'innovation et l'alignement stratégie-innovation, et enfin, l'existence d'alignements stratégie-innovation privilégiés, en relation avec la performance. Le champ d'analyse de cette relation est étendu aux dimensions techniques, marketing et organisationnelles de l'innovation. Le modèle utilisé, fondé sur le cycle d'adaptation permanente développé par Miles et Snow, explore à la fois les conditions nécessaires pour générer un avantage concurrentiel et la dynamique de l'avantage concurrentiel dans les PME. Les résultats confirment l'existence d'alignements spécifiques entre les caractéristiques entrepreneuriales, engineering et administratives des postures stratégiques de Miles et Snow et les caractéristiques des profils d'innovation associés, et valident ainsi le rôle prédictif de la stratégie compétitive sur les comportements d'innovation des entreprises. En second lieu, les résultats soulignent l'influence distincte et complémentaire des contingences spécifiques liées au secteur d'activité et aux capacités stratégiques des entreprises sur la relation stratégie-innovation / This doctoral research, conducted on French manufacturing SMEs, investigates the relationship between competitive strategy, innovation, and performance. More specifically, the purpose of this work is to understand whether specific patterns of alignment between competitive strategy and innovation influence firm performance. We propose to explore, in three essays, firstly, the influence of strategic posture on innovation behavior, and the existence of strategy-innovation alignments. Secondly, we explore the influence of industry effects and firm's specific effects on strategic posture, innovation behavior, and on strategy-innovation fit. Thirdly, this research investigates the implication of fit between strategic posture and innovation behavior from a performance perspective. The research enhances the scope of analysis of this relationship to the technical but also marketing and organizational dimensions of innovation. Our model, stemming from the rationale of Miles and Snow's adaptive cycle (1978), contributes to further understanding the content - the conditions for achieving competitive advantage - and the process - the dynamics – dimensions of competitive advantage in small businesses. First, results confirm the existence of differentiated alignments between the Entrepreneurial, Engineering and Administrative characteristics of Miles and Snow's strategic postures and the characteristics of their respective innovation behavior, thus supporting the predictive validity of competitive strategy on firms' innovation behavior. Second, results highlight the influence of distinct but complementary industry and firm contingencies on the strategy-innovation relationship

Previous work on innovation performance has focused on either organization or individual-level analysis. The current study is the first that we are aware of in which multilevel theory and method were applied to innovation behavior and innovation performance. This multilevel study of 100 managers, 512 R&D teams of employees from 38 R&D companies demonstrated that both individual-and team-level factors were significantly associated with innovation behavior: Balanced psychological contract fulfillment explained within-team variance, and innovation climate explained between-team variance. Further, employee innovation behavior aggregated to the team level explained between-team variance in innovation performance. This paper also explores the impact of the RBV on the theoretical and empirical development of SHRM and innovation climate. This study is to introduce Intellectual capital as a mediating construct between knowledge human resource management (KHRM) systems and knowledge create. This study provides consistent support for the notion that KHRM systems are fundamental in the development of intellectual capital. This study also found intellectual capital to be associated with increased knowledge creation and innovation performance. With regard to intellectual capital¡¦s mediating role in the HR-performance linkage, this study provides both managers and academics with a more fine-grained analysis of how to target HR investments that build intellectual capital, which, in turn, drive team innovation performance. The results contribute to knowledge on the resource-based view of the firm and the importance of multilevel theory.

Title: A Study on the Innovation Behavior of Information Infused Instruction for Elementary School Teachers School: National Sun Yat-Sen University Department: Institute of Education Time: May,2007 Degree: Master Advisor: Yang, Shu-Ching Researcher: Wu, Tasi-Jung The purpose of this study was as follows: (1) to develop the scales of the innovation climate, the pedagogical literacy, the innovation motivation and the innovation behavior of information infused instruction; (2) to analyze the status quo for teacher¡¦s innovation behavior of information infused instruction; (3) to compare teachers¡¦ different background factors so as to know the difference in teachers¡¦ performance of the innovation climate, the pedagogical literacy, the innovation motivation and the innovation behavior of information infused instruction; (4) to construct a structural equation model of the innovation behavior of information infused instruction for elementary school teachers. To achieve the purpose of the study, self-constructed questionnaire-¡§The investigation questionnaire on the innovation behavior of information infused instruction for elementary school teacher¡¨ was used in this study. The sample of the study was composed of 823 elementary school teachers in Kaohsiung City. The data was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, descriptive statistics, t-test, multivariate analysis of variance and structural equation modeling. Major findings of the study was as follows: (1) The reliability and validity of the scales of elementary school teachers¡¦ innovation climate, pedagogical literacy, innovation motivation and innovation behavior of infusing information into instruction was acceptable. (2) The status quo in elementary school teachers¡¦ innovation climate and motivation of infusing information into instruction was higher than the median on the six-point scale ; however, the status quo in elementary school teachers¡¦ pedagogical literacy and innovation behavior of infusing information into instruction was lower than the median on the six-point scale. (3) There was small anticipation-effect size in elementary school teachers¡¦ innovation climate of infusing information into instruction in term of the gender, information-seeded teachers,age, seniority, appointment, the time of taking information technology related training, the time of using information technology each week, the experience of creative teaching competition, the experience of information infused instructional competition, the experience of helping students participate competition, and the experience of helping students participate information related competition. (4) There was medium to large anticipation-effect size in elementary school teachers'pedagogical literacy of infusing information into instruction in term of the gender, information-seeded teachers, the time of using information technology each week, the experience of individual competition, the experience of information infused instructional competition, the experience of helping students participate competition, and the experience of helping students participate information related competition. (5) There was medium anticipation-effect size in elementary school teachers¡¦ innovation motivation of infusing information into instruction in term of the gender, information-seeded teachers, the time of using information technology each week, the experience of individual competition, the experience of creative teaching competition, the experience of information infused instructional competition, the experience of helping students participate competition, and the experience of helping students participate information related competition. (6) There was medium to large anticipation-effect size in elementary school teachers¡¦ innovation behavior of infusing information into instruction in term of the gender, information-seeded teachers, the time of using information technology each week, the experience of individual competition, the experience of teaching project design, the experience of creative teaching competition, the experience of information infused instructional competition, the experience of helping students participate competition, and the experience of helping students participate information related competition. (7) The model, ¡§innovation climate, pedagogical literacy and innovation motivation had direct effects on innovation behavior¡¨ , was better for the innovation behavior of information infused instruction for elementary school teachers. According to the research results mentioned above, this research had proposed specific recommendation to the educational administration agency, elementary schools and follow-up researchers .