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The Hemiptera order has 23,000 species that are distributed among many families. Two of these are the Pentatomidae and Reduviidae families. The aim of this study was to identify the different species of insects from the Reduviidae and Pentatomidae families as well as each species’ abundance in three ecological niches (forest, forest edge, and farm land). The study was conducted in six communities of Los Yungas, La Paz (Carmen Pampa, San Pablo, San Juan de la Miel, Altuspata, Choro Alto, and Choro). In each community, three Malaise traps were installed in the three ecological niches (forest, forest edge, and farm land). The six communities were evaluated for a period of one year. The work was divided among four groups due to the fact that two families were being studied in two different municipalities. In the Coroico municipality (Carmen Pampa, San Pablo, and San Juan de la Miel), the study took place from May 2006 to May 2007. In the Coripata municipality (Altuspata, Choro Alto, and Choro), the study took place from May 2007 to May 2008. The first group identified 34 morphospecies of the Pentatomidae family with 137 individuals in the Carmen Pampa, San Pablo, and San Juan de la Miel communities. The second group identified 19 species of the Pentatomidae family with 54 individuals in the Altuspata, Choro Alto, and Choro communities. The third group found 31 species of the Reduviidae family along with 77 individuals. The fourth group identified 14 species of the Reduviidae family along with 60 individuals. Carmen Pampa and San Juan de la Miel are similar in terms of plant life and climate. San Pablo, however, is different due to its much drier climate. Morphospecies number three from the Pentatomidae family was the most abundant in the farm land niche in San Juan de la Miel. In all six communities, we found that morphospecies 16 was the most abundant in the forest niche. In addition, we found that there is little similarity between the species that inhabit both the forest and farm land areas. A recurrent pattern in the six communities was the presence of similar species in the forest and forest edge niches. This is due to the transitional character of the forest edge niche. Morphospecies 16 of the Reduviidae family was found most often in the forest and forest edge niches of the Altuspata and Choro Alto communities. It was absent in the Choro community. The area of study has insect species of the Pentatomidae and Reduviidae families that play important ecological roles - in some cases they can be pests and in others they can be predators of pests. There is a notable difference in the presence of insects from the Reduviidae and Pentatomidae families between municipalities. This difference is explained by the increased application of agrochemicals in the municipality of Coripata.

Ravageurs de quarantaine, les mouches des fruits (Diptera : Tephritidae) constituent unecontrainte importante à l’exportation de la mangue au Burkina Faso. L’objectif de cette étudeétait d’améliorer nos connaissances sur l’écologie de ces ravageurs. Entre décembre 2007 etdécembre 2009, 1156598 Tephritidae ont été capturés dans 7 vergers présentant 8 cultivarsdifférents. Pendant cette période, l’évolution de la température, de l’hygrométrie et de lapluviométrie a été notée. 19764 mangues ont été collectées et observées afin de déterminerleur niveau d’infestation par ces insectes. Dix-huit espèces des genres Bactrocera, Ceratitis,et Dacus ont été identifiées, B. invadens et C. cosyra étant les plus abondantes. Les pics despopulations de mâles et de femelles, apparaissent entre mai et juin selon les sites. Les femelles,présentent aussi un pic en période de floraison des manguiers. Sept espèces de Tephritidaeinfestent les mangues et l’incidence moyenne de leurs dégâts varie entre 0% (Sabre) et 12,5%(Keitt), Keitt et Brooks sont les cultivars les plus infestés. 64% de ces dégâts sont causés parB. invadens et 31% par C. cosyra. L’inventaire des essences ligneuses autour de ces sites ainsique la collecte et l’incubation de leurs fruits entre avril 2008 et décembre 2009 ont aussi étéeffectués. 105 ligneux ont été recensés autour des vergers. Les fruits de 13 d’entre eux sontinfestés par 7 espèces de Tephritidae dont 6 se retrouvent aussi dans les mangues. Il s’agitsurtout de C. cosyra mais aussi de C. silvestrii, C. puntata et B. invadens.Ce travail montre les corrélations significativees entre les facteurs climatiques, la fluctuationdes populations, et les dégâts observés. Les espèces ligneuses alentours sont des refugespermettant le maintien des populations même hors saison de la mangue. Ces résultatsnouveaux permettent l’adaptation de la lutte contre ces ravageurs économiquement importantsau contexte agro-écologique de notre zone d’étude / Classified as a quarantine pest, mango fruit flies (Diptera Tephritidae) are an importantconstraint for mango exportation from Burkina Faso. The main objective of this study was theenhanced understanding of the ecology of mango’s Tephritids. 1156598 Tephritid flies weretraped from December 2007 to December 2009 in 7 mango orchards. During this monitoring,temperature, relative humidity and rainfalls were registered. 19764 mango fruits from 8cultivars were collected and obsreved during mango season in order to assess fruit fliesdamages. Eighteen Tephritids species notably from Bactrocera, Ceratitis and Dacus genuswere identified and B. invadens and C. cosyra are the dominant ones. The population peaks ofmales and females appear in the months of May & June according to the sites. The femalespresent a peak during the flowering period also of the mango trees. Seven species of mangoinfesting fruit flies have been identified and the incidence of this infestation varies between0% (Sabre) and 12.5% (Keitt). Keitt and Brooks are the most infested mango cultivars. 64 %of these damages are caused by B. invadens while 31 % by C. cosyra. The inventory of thewoody plants around these sites as well as the collection and the incubation of their fruitsbetween April 2008 and December 2009 were also carried out. 105 woody trees had beenlisted around the mango orchards. Out of which, the fruits of 13 trees were found infested by7 species of Tephritids, of which, 6 are also found in mangos. It is especially C. cosyra butalso C. silvestrii, C. puntata and B. invadens.This work shows significant correlations between Tephiritids population fluctuations, climaticfactors and mango damages. The woody species around mango tree orchards shelter thesepests even after mango season. These new results allow the adaptation of the mango fruit fliescontrol methods in the particular agro-ecological area of our study zone

MSc (Zoology) / Department of Zoology / See the attached abstract below