This mixed methods study focused on how parents and primary caregivers perceive their family quality of life (FQOL) while a family member with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) transitions from adolescence to adulthood. A modified version of the Family Quality of Life Survey-2006 Short Version: Main caregivers of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities (I. Brown et al., 2006) queried families’ perceptions and experience of their greatest strengths and supports, as well as their greatest needs and challenges in maintaining their family quality of life through this period of transition. In-depth individual interviews were conducted to further investigate the survey results and showed that participants struggled with a lack of support from others who did not share the experience of having an IDD family member while at the same time, they noted the high value they attribute to the support they receive from other families within the disability community who also have family members with IDD. Participants also noted the lack of support they receive from disability services and expressed the importance of finding opportunities for fulfilling their own needs, as well as the needs of other family members. These opportunities are reported as being essential to enhancing a variety of life domains, suggesting the need for more support in areas of family centred development. The implications drawn from these findings contribute to the discussion of changing how we view the domain support from others and how we can provide families with more opportunities to pursue areas of their own interest either individually or as a family unit in order to improve and enhance their FQOL as their family member with IDD transitions into adulthood. / Graduate / 2018-12-01

D.Litt. et Phil. / Please refer to full text to view abstract

The purpose of this thesis is, first, to examine the critical controversy surrounding the publication of Ernest Hemingway's Across the River and Into the Trees and, second, to show what Hemingway was trying to do in the novel, even though he may not have been successful in doing it. Chapter I examines the major critical responses to Across the River and Into the Trees, together with Hemingway’s own comments, and introduces the critical study which comprises the following three chapters. Chapter II examines the relationship between Cantwell's military past and the present, and discusses the effects of this dichotomy. Chapter III examines Cantwell's code of honor, mainly as it applies in his present peacetime situation, and discusses how he finally re-affirms his ideal principles of resolution and endurance, thus enabling him to accept the idea of his own death. Chapter IV examines Cantwell's preparation for death through Renata, secondary characters, and various symbols, and shows how he eventually becomes free of bitterness. Chapter V, a final appraisal of the novel's literary worth, discusses why the novel is not successful as a work of fiction. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

This dissertation examines the principal Japanese translations of Arthur Waley (1889-1966): Japanese Poetry: The Uta (1919), The No Plays of Japan (1921), and The Tale of Genji (1925-33). These works have been overlooked as English literature of the British modern period, although Waley intended most of his translations to function as modern English literature. I include a short biography of Waley's formative years and maintain that aspects of his identity—Jewish, bisexual, and socialist—were important in the choice of his occupation and in the selection and interpretation of his texts. I situate Japanese culture in the context of orientalism and Anglo-Japanese political relations. Japanese culture had a role to play in Anglo-Japanese imperialisms; this is demonstrated through an examination of the activities of the Japan Society of London, where Waley presented one of his first translations. The School of Oriental Studies in London also provided a platform for the translation and dissemination of Asian literature for the express purpose of promoting British imperial interests in the Far East. As an orientalist working through these institutions and the British Museum, Waley's positioning of himself as a Bloomsbury anti-imperialist was ambiguous. His texts, moreover, had a role to play in the presentation of Japan as an essentially aesthetic, 'feminine' nation. There are few letters, and no diaries or working papers of Waley. I rely, therefore, on his published works, as well as the memoirs, letters and biographies of family members and friends, especially those of the Bloomsbury Group with which he was associated. I make extensive use of the Transactions of the Japan Society and historical records of the School of Oriental Studies, as well as critical reviews of Waley and other translators. Social and cultural histories of the period are used to construct key. contexts: the Anglo-Jews, the Cambridge Fabians, British orientalism, and English modernism between the wars. Since I maintain that homoeroticism in Japanese literature was one of its attractions for Waley, I also look to queer theory to assist in my reading of Waley's texts. I conclude that The Tale of Genji enabled Waley to realize a personal ambition to write stories, and he produced a unique English novel that remains not only the most important modernist interpretation of Japanese culture between the wars, but a remarkable record of Edwardian-Bloomsbury language and aesthetic sensibility. / Arts, Faculty of / English, Department of / Graduate

No description available.

From an environmental perspective, the earth’s future has been, and is, a current and much-debated topic in today’s society. Consumerism and materialism are two reasons why earth’s natural resources run out earlier and earlier every year. One opponent of materialism whose life has been portrayed in Jon Krakauer’s nonfiction biography Into the Wild and later in director Sean Penn’s film adaptation with the same title was Christopher (Chris) McCandless (1968-1992). In Penn’s film adaptation, materialism is made more prominent than in the biography, which gives an effect of directing criticism against a materialistic society. The theoretical framework is based on narratology and adaptation theory. Moreover, the method proceeds from close reading and comparative method to detect differences and similarities and to make a comparative analysis of the texts. One significant aspect was detected as essential when close reading the texts, namely: intertextuality. Hence, intertextuality served as a key concept in the analysis.

The following translation is the first full length rendering of Malwida von Meysenbug's two-volume autobiography Memoiren einer Idealistin/Eine Reise nach Ostende into English. Meysenbug, who boasts ties to Nietzsche, Wagner, Herzen, and Saffi, was forerunner to a long line of female social democrats. She was an eyewitness to the tumultuous political events surrounding the German Revolution of 1848, and is remembered as a pioneer in education and gender issues. Meysenbug's memoirs depict nineteenth-century Europe in a dynamic state of transformation. This is a time of opposition and contradiction, when emerging philosophies and political movements vie for power with existing structures. European governments are forced to implement social reforms in an effort to avert insurrections and political catastrophe. In Germany, the influence of organized religion begins to wane, giving way to a generation of free thinkers who combine elements of the German classical and romantic periods with Marxist and other materialist world views.

Since the late 1990s there has been an increasing interest in the representation of Balkan culture in the literary works of authors writing in English. Scholars (Bakić-Hayden 1995, Todorova 1997, Goldsworthy 1998, Norris 1999, Hammond 2010) have shown how literary representations of the Balkans have reflected and reinforced its stereotypical construction as Europe’s “dark and untamed Other. However, the contribution of translated literature in the representation of these images has rarely been considered, and in particular that of children’s literature has been seriously neglected. Thus, this study of images of the Western Balkans in translated children’s literature published in the period of 1990 2013, adds a hitherto uncharted literary terrain to the Balkanist discourses and helps shed a new and more complete light on the literary representations of the Balkans, and the Western Balkans more precisely. Children’s literature has been selected for the scope of this study due to its potential to transform and change deeply rooted stereotypes. The study approaches translations as framing and representation sites that contest or promote stereotypes in the global literary market. English has been selected as a target language due to its global position as а mediating language for the promotion of international literature, and with that also carrying stereotypes and transmitting them efficiently. This study looks at the images embedded in the texts, both source and target, and their representation in translation, including the translator’s interventions, but even more at the level of paratexts, and especially in the use of illustrations. It also examines adaptations accompanying the presentation of the translated book into the target society, such as documentaries, music scores and theatre performances. The discussion also considers how a book is selected for translation, and how different production participants contribute in the whole process of translation, including their motivations and goals, as well as their location. Using the methodology of imagology (Leerssen, 2007), and multimodal visual analysis (Kress and van Leeuwen, 1996, 2006), five case studies are elaborated, covering books from five different countries in the Western Balkans (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia, Macedonia, and Montenegro) and from five different types within children’s literature (non-fiction, anthology, novel, picturebook, and an e-book). The five case studies confirm the complexity of the topic at hand. Although there are no firm patterns in the production of English translations of contemporary children’s literature from the Western Balkans we can point out several observations. While the translations of the text, in most cases, closely follow the source text, with only slight interventions by some of the translators, the translated books differ quite significantly in their paratexts, especially illustrations and adaptations accompanying the book for the target culture. In terms of the representation of violence, as one of the predominant stereotypical characteristics of the Western Balkans, images vary from direct representation of violence to full erasure of violent acts. The discussion on presenting violence is analysed from two distinct points of view, the two traits of auto- and hetero- images as identifies in the case studies. In cases of self-representation, the case studies show a network of production participants in which the source author can be seen as the driving force in the process, usually recruiting friends and supporters to perform other tasks in the process translators, illustrators, publishers, etc. The auto-images take the form of ‘nesting’ Balkanisms, balancing (non)violent masculinities, or centring on love and humaneness. On the other hand, networks led by translators/editors located in the target culture will more often be motivated by commercial factors, along with representation of the source culture, thus either emphasizing the preconceived stereotypes of dominant violence in the Western Balkans, or turning towards globalizing the images of violence.

No description available.

Recently, a considerable amount of research has been performed on simulating the collective behavior of pedestrians in the street or people finding their way inside a building or a room. Comprehensive reviews of the state of the art can be found in Schreckenberg and Deo (2002) and Batty, M., DeSyllas, J. and Duxbury, E. (2003). In all these simulation studies, one area that is lacking is accounting for the effects of human personalities on the outcome. As a result, there is a growing emphasis on researching the effects of human personalities and adding the results to the simulations to make them more realistic. This research investigated the possibility of incorporating personality factors into the crowd simulation model. The first part of this study explored the extraction of quantitative crowd motion from videos and developed a method to compare real video with the simulation output video. Several open source programs were examined and modified to obtain optical flow measurements from real videos captured at sporting events. Optical flow measurements provide information such as crowd density, average velocity with which individuals move in the crowd, as well as other parameters. These quantifiable optical flow calculations provided a strong method for comparing simulation results with those obtained from video footage captured in real life situations. The second part of the research focused on the incorporation of the personality factors into the crowd simulation. Existing crowd models such as HelbingU-Molnar-Farkas-Vicsek (HMFV) do not take individual personality factors into account. The most common approach employed by psychologists for studying personality traits is the Big Five factors or dimensions of personality (NEO: Neuroticism, Extroversion, Openness, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness). In this research forces related to the personality factors were incorporated into the crowd simulation models. The NEO-based forces were incorporated into an existing HMFV simulated implemented in the MASON simulation framework. The simulation results were validated using the quantification procedures developed in the first phase. This research reports on a major expansion of a simulation of pedestrian motion based on the model (HMFV) by Helbing, D., I. J. Farkas, P. Molnár, and T. Vicsek (2002). Example of actual behavior such as a crowd exiting church after service were simulated using NEO-based forces and show a striking resemblance to actual behavior as rated by behavior scientists.