This paper investigates (modal) extensions of Heyting–Brouwer logic, i.e., the logic which results when the dual of implication (alias coimplication) is added to the language of intuitionistic logic. We first develop matrix as well as Kripke style semantics for those logics. Then, by extending the Gödel-embedding of intuitionistic logic into S4 , it is shown that all (modal) extensions of Heyting–Brouwer logic can be embedded into tense logics (with additional modal operators). An extension of the Blok–Esakia-Theorem is proved for this embedding.

This paper is a comparative study of the propositional intuitionistic (non-modal) and classical modal languages interpreted in the standard way on transitive frames. It shows that, when talking about these frames rather than conventional quasi-orders, the intuitionistic language displays some unusual features: its expressive power becomes weaker than that of the modal language, the induced consequence relation does not have a deduction theorem and is not protoalgebraic. Nevertheless, the paper develops a manageable model theory for this consequence and its extensions which also reveals some unexpected phenomena. The balance between the intuitionistic and modal languages is restored by adding to the former one more implication.

No description available.

No description available.

Yes / Temporal fault trees (TFTs), an extension of classical Boolean fault trees, can model time-dependent failure behaviour of dynamic systems. The methodologies used for quantitative analysis of TFTs include algebraic solutions, Petri nets (PN), and Bayesian networks (BN). In these approaches, precise failure data of components are usually used to calculate the probability of the top event of a TFT. However, it can be problematic to obtain these precise data due to the imprecise and incomplete information about the components of a system. In this paper, we propose a framework that combines intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and expert elicitation to enable quantitative analysis of TFTs of dynamic systems with uncertain data. Experts’ opinions are taken into account to compute the failure probability of the basic events of the TFT as intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. Subsequently, for the algebraic approach, the intuitionistic fuzzy operators for the logic gates of TFT are defined to quantify the TFT. On the other hand, for the quantification of TFTs via PN and BN-based approaches, the intuitionistic fuzzy numbers are defuzzified to be used in these approaches. As a result, the framework can be used with all the currently available TFT analysis approaches. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is illustrated via application to a practical system and through a comparison of the results of each approach. / This work was supported in part by the Mobile IOT: Location Aware project (grant no. MMUE/180025) and Indoor Internet of Things (IOT) Tracking Algorithm Development based on Radio Signal Characterisation project (grant no. FRGS/1/2018/TK08/MMU/02/1). This research also received partial support from DEIS H2020 project (grant no. 732242).

Yes / In different engineering processes, the reliability of systems is increasingly evaluated to ensure that the safety-critical process systems will operate within their expected operational boundary for a certain mission time without failure. Different methodologies used for reliability analysis of process systems include Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), and Bayesian Networks (BN). Although these approaches have their own procedures for evaluating system reliability, they rely on exact failure data of systems’ components for reliability evaluation. Nevertheless, obtaining exact failure data for complex systems can be difficult due to the complex behaviour of their components, and the unavailability of precise and adequate information about such components. To tackle the data uncertainty issue, this chapter proposes a framework by combining intuitionistic fuzzy set theory and expert elicitation that enables the reliability assessment of process systems using FTA. Moreover, to model the statistical dependencies between events, we use the BN for robust probabilistic inference about system reliability under different uncertainties. The efficiency of the framework is demonstrated through application to a real-world system and comparison of the results of analysis produced by the existing approaches. / The full text will be available at the end of the publisher's embargo, 9th April 2025

No / In recent decades, sustainable investing has caught on with investors, and it has now become the norm. In the age of start-ups, with scant information on the sustainability aspects of an asset, it becomes harder to pursue sustainable investing. To this end, this paper proposes a sustainable financial portfolio selection approach in an intuitionistic fuzzy framework. We present a comprehensive three-stage methodology in which the assets under consideration are ethically screened in Stage-I. Stage-II is concerned with cal- culating the sustainability scores, based on various social, environmental, and economic (SEE) criteria and an evaluation of the return and risk of the ethical assets. Intuitionistic fuzzy set theory is used to gauge the linguistic assessment of the assets on several SEE criteria from multiple decision-makers. A novel intuitionistic fuzzy multi-criteria group decision-making technique is applied to calculate the sustainability score of each asset. Finally, in Stage-III, an intuitionistic fuzzy multi-objective financial portfolio selection model is developed with maximization of the satisfaction degrees of the sustainabil- ity score, return, and risk of the portfolio, subject to several constraints. The ε-constraint method is used to solve this model, which yields various efficient, sustainable financial portfolios. Subsequently, investors can choose the portfolio best suited to their preferences from this pool of efficient, sustainable financial portfolios. A detailed empirical illustration and a comparison with existing works are given to substantiate and validate the proposed approach. / Institution of Eminence, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007 under Faculty Research Program

A gestão eficaz dos processos que envolvem os fornecedores tem grande influência na melhoria do desempenho organizacional, sendo, portanto, fundamental para desenvolver capacidades das operações de produção que podem gerar vantagem competitiva, tais como qualidade, preço e tempo de entrega. A gestão de fornecedores inclui as atividades de qualificação, seleção, avaliação e desenvolvimento de fornecedores, além da alocação de pedido quando múltiplas fontes de fornecimento são selecionadas. A qualificação é um processo importante para assegurar que os fornecedores atendam requisitos mínimos de desempenho e, idealmente, deve ser realizada com métodos não compensatórios de categorização das alternativas. Entretanto, na literatura há poucos estudos que abordam a qualificação de fornecedores. Dentre aqueles que abordam, a maioria utiliza técnicas multicritério que são compensatórias e de ordenação. Outros aspectos importantes da gestão de fornecedores é a possível presença vários tomadores de decisão, caracterizando um processo de tomada de decisão em grupo, além da subjetividade de alguns critérios que gera incerteza nos julgamentos e hesitação. Ao se considerar essas questões na gestão de fornecedores, nenhuma pesquisa na literatura apresenta uma abordagem que contemple todos as características simultaneamente. Além disso, poucas pesquisas abordam os processos da gestão de fornecedores sob uma perspectiva integrada. Com vista a estas lacunas, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo a proposição de dois modelos de decisão que consideram os processos de qualificação, seleção e avaliação de fornecedores, em um cenário de tomada de decisão em grupo, considerando a incerteza e hesitação. Os modelos propostos têm por finalidade elicitar as preferências, agregar os julgamentos e categorizar os fornecedores. O primeiro modelo utiliza a representação linguística Triangular Hesitant Fuzzy Sets, para lidar com a hesitação nos julgamentos dos tomadores de decisão, além da técnica ELECTRE TRI para a categorização dos fornecedores. O segundo modelo se baseia na aplicação representação linguística Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets para modelar a hesitação na parametrização das variáveis linguísticas e no ELECTRE TRI para a categorização. A elicitação é realizada com o uso do Fuzzy Delphi combinado com operadores de agregação do Triangular Hesitant Fuzzy Sets e Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets. Os modelos de decisão foram detalhados e implementados no Matlab©. Após a proposição dos métodos, dois casos ilustrativos, obtidos a partir da coleta em campo, foram apresentados para analisar o desempenho dos modelos. Os casos ilustrativos mostraram resultados de categorização consistentes, especialmente para o procedimento pessimista do ELECTRE TRI. Testes com a hesitação nos julgamentos dos tomadores de decisão evidenciaram a importância da modelagem da hesitação, pois ela tem o potencial de alterar a categorização das alternativas. Testes com os parâmetros do ELECTRE TRI, confirmaram o efeito não compensatório da técnica e que a variação do nível de corte tem o potencial de tornar a categorização mais flexível. Assim, esta tese apresenta uma revisão de literatura sobre os processos de gestão de fornecedores e sobre tomada de decisão multicritério e em grupo, a proposição de métodos de apoio à tomada de decisão, casos ilustrativos para ilustrar o modelo, análises de sensibilidade dos métodos, além das conclusões e propostas para trabalhos futuros. / Effective management of the processes that involving suppliers has a major influence on improving organizational performance and is therefore fundamental to develop production operations capabilities that can generate competitive advantage, such as quality, price and delivery time. Supplier management includes qualification, selection, evaluation and development of suppliers, as well as allocation of orders when multiple sources of supply are selected. Qualification is an important process to ensure that suppliers meet minimum performance requirements and ideally must be performed with non-compensatory methods of categorization. However, in the literature there are few studies that consider the process of supplier qualification. Among the studies that consider the qualification, most use multicriteria techniques that are compensatory and for ranking. Other important aspects of supplier management are the possible presence of several decision makers, characterizing a process of group decision making, as well as the subjectivity of some criteria that generates uncertainty in judgments and hesitation. When considering these issues in supplier management, none of the studies found in the literature presents an approach that contemplates all features simultaneously. In addition, few researches deal with supplier management processes from an integrated perspective. In view of these gaps, this research aims to propose two decision models that consider the processes of qualification, selection and evaluation of suppliers, in a scenario of group decision making, considering the uncertainty and hesitation. The proposed models have the purpose the elicitation of the preferences, the aggregation of the judgments and the categorization of the suppliers. The first model uses the linguistic representation Triangular Hesitant Fuzzy Sets, to deal with the hesitation in the judgments of the decision makers, in addition to the ELECTRE TRI technique for the categorization of the suppliers. The second model is based on the application of the linguistic representation Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets to model the hesitation in the parameterization of the linguistic variables and in the ELECTRE TRI for categorization. Elicitation is performed with the use of Fuzzy Delphi combined with aggregation operators of the Triangular Hesitant Fuzzy Sets and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets. The decision models were detailed and implemented in Matlab©. Two illustrative cases, obtained from the field collection, were presented to analyze the performance of the models. The illustrative cases showed consistent categorization results, especially for the pessimistic procedure of ELECTRE TRI. Tests with hesitation in the judgments of decision makers highlighted the importance of modeling hesitation, since it has the potential to change the categorization of alternatives. Tests with the ELECTRE TRI parameters confirmed the non-compensatory effect of the technique and that the variation of the cut level has the potential to make categorization more flexible. Thus, this thesis presents a review of the literature on supplier management processes and on multicriteria and group decision making, the proposition of methods to support decision making, illustrative cases to illustrate the model, method sensitivity analyzes, besides the conclusions and proposals for future works.

A gestão eficaz dos processos que envolvem os fornecedores tem grande influência na melhoria do desempenho organizacional, sendo, portanto, fundamental para desenvolver capacidades das operações de produção que podem gerar vantagem competitiva, tais como qualidade, preço e tempo de entrega. A gestão de fornecedores inclui as atividades de qualificação, seleção, avaliação e desenvolvimento de fornecedores, além da alocação de pedido quando múltiplas fontes de fornecimento são selecionadas. A qualificação é um processo importante para assegurar que os fornecedores atendam requisitos mínimos de desempenho e, idealmente, deve ser realizada com métodos não compensatórios de categorização das alternativas. Entretanto, na literatura há poucos estudos que abordam a qualificação de fornecedores. Dentre aqueles que abordam, a maioria utiliza técnicas multicritério que são compensatórias e de ordenação. Outros aspectos importantes da gestão de fornecedores é a possível presença vários tomadores de decisão, caracterizando um processo de tomada de decisão em grupo, além da subjetividade de alguns critérios que gera incerteza nos julgamentos e hesitação. Ao se considerar essas questões na gestão de fornecedores, nenhuma pesquisa na literatura apresenta uma abordagem que contemple todos as características simultaneamente. Além disso, poucas pesquisas abordam os processos da gestão de fornecedores sob uma perspectiva integrada. Com vista a estas lacunas, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo a proposição de dois modelos de decisão que consideram os processos de qualificação, seleção e avaliação de fornecedores, em um cenário de tomada de decisão em grupo, considerando a incerteza e hesitação. Os modelos propostos têm por finalidade elicitar as preferências, agregar os julgamentos e categorizar os fornecedores. O primeiro modelo utiliza a representação linguística Triangular Hesitant Fuzzy Sets, para lidar com a hesitação nos julgamentos dos tomadores de decisão, além da técnica ELECTRE TRI para a categorização dos fornecedores. O segundo modelo se baseia na aplicação representação linguística Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets para modelar a hesitação na parametrização das variáveis linguísticas e no ELECTRE TRI para a categorização. A elicitação é realizada com o uso do Fuzzy Delphi combinado com operadores de agregação do Triangular Hesitant Fuzzy Sets e Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets. Os modelos de decisão foram detalhados e implementados no Matlab©. Após a proposição dos métodos, dois casos ilustrativos, obtidos a partir da coleta em campo, foram apresentados para analisar o desempenho dos modelos. Os casos ilustrativos mostraram resultados de categorização consistentes, especialmente para o procedimento pessimista do ELECTRE TRI. Testes com a hesitação nos julgamentos dos tomadores de decisão evidenciaram a importância da modelagem da hesitação, pois ela tem o potencial de alterar a categorização das alternativas. Testes com os parâmetros do ELECTRE TRI, confirmaram o efeito não compensatório da técnica e que a variação do nível de corte tem o potencial de tornar a categorização mais flexível. Assim, esta tese apresenta uma revisão de literatura sobre os processos de gestão de fornecedores e sobre tomada de decisão multicritério e em grupo, a proposição de métodos de apoio à tomada de decisão, casos ilustrativos para ilustrar o modelo, análises de sensibilidade dos métodos, além das conclusões e propostas para trabalhos futuros. / Effective management of the processes that involving suppliers has a major influence on improving organizational performance and is therefore fundamental to develop production operations capabilities that can generate competitive advantage, such as quality, price and delivery time. Supplier management includes qualification, selection, evaluation and development of suppliers, as well as allocation of orders when multiple sources of supply are selected. Qualification is an important process to ensure that suppliers meet minimum performance requirements and ideally must be performed with non-compensatory methods of categorization. However, in the literature there are few studies that consider the process of supplier qualification. Among the studies that consider the qualification, most use multicriteria techniques that are compensatory and for ranking. Other important aspects of supplier management are the possible presence of several decision makers, characterizing a process of group decision making, as well as the subjectivity of some criteria that generates uncertainty in judgments and hesitation. When considering these issues in supplier management, none of the studies found in the literature presents an approach that contemplates all features simultaneously. In addition, few researches deal with supplier management processes from an integrated perspective. In view of these gaps, this research aims to propose two decision models that consider the processes of qualification, selection and evaluation of suppliers, in a scenario of group decision making, considering the uncertainty and hesitation. The proposed models have the purpose the elicitation of the preferences, the aggregation of the judgments and the categorization of the suppliers. The first model uses the linguistic representation Triangular Hesitant Fuzzy Sets, to deal with the hesitation in the judgments of the decision makers, in addition to the ELECTRE TRI technique for the categorization of the suppliers. The second model is based on the application of the linguistic representation Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets to model the hesitation in the parameterization of the linguistic variables and in the ELECTRE TRI for categorization. Elicitation is performed with the use of Fuzzy Delphi combined with aggregation operators of the Triangular Hesitant Fuzzy Sets and Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets. The decision models were detailed and implemented in Matlab©. Two illustrative cases, obtained from the field collection, were presented to analyze the performance of the models. The illustrative cases showed consistent categorization results, especially for the pessimistic procedure of ELECTRE TRI. Tests with hesitation in the judgments of decision makers highlighted the importance of modeling hesitation, since it has the potential to change the categorization of alternatives. Tests with the ELECTRE TRI parameters confirmed the non-compensatory effect of the technique and that the variation of the cut level has the potential to make categorization more flexible. Thus, this thesis presents a review of the literature on supplier management processes and on multicriteria and group decision making, the proposition of methods to support decision making, illustrative cases to illustrate the model, method sensitivity analyzes, besides the conclusions and proposals for future works.

Submitted by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-04-18T14:21:35Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Rosana_Medina_Zanotelli.pdf: 897398 bytes, checksum: 53b6f15a010386648223058dfc32101b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2018-04-19T14:42:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Rosana_Medina_Zanotelli.pdf: 897398 bytes, checksum: 53b6f15a010386648223058dfc32101b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-19T14:42:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertacao_Rosana_Medina_Zanotelli.pdf: 897398 bytes, checksum: 53b6f15a010386648223058dfc32101b (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-28 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Esta dissertação contribui com a análise da robustez na Lógica Fuzzy, como uma importante fundamentação para modelagem e desenvolvimento de sistemas robustos, estendendo esta abordagem para a lógica intuicionista de Atanassov. Primeiramente, apresenta-se uma introdução à lógica fuzzy, discutindo as negações, funções de agregações, implicações e coimplicações fuzzy, incluindo também os conectivos Xor e derivações. O trabalho também considera a análise da -sensibilidade destes conectivos fuzzy e suas construções duais, essencialmente focados em propriedades algébricas e projeções. Começando com a avaliação da sensibilidade de conectivos fuzzy, a proposta estende os resultados para classes de conectivos fuzzy intuicionistas. Como principal contribuição, formalmente estabelece-se que a robustez preserva as construções duais e as funções de projeção relacionadas a conectivos fuzzy intuicionistas representáveis. Mostra-se que a extensão, do trabalho científico proposto por Y. Li e colaboradores, 2005 em "An Approach to Measure the Robustness of Fuzzy Reasoning", para a classe de conectivos fuzzy intuicionistas é preservada pelas construções duais. A presente pesquisa mostra que a análise de robustez pode ser diretamente verificada a partir de operadores fuzzy usando duas estratégias: (i) a -sensibilidade de operadores fuzzy baseada na análise da monotonicidade de seus argumentos (negações, agregações, implicações e coimplicações); e ainda (ii) a avaliação do comportamento dos operadores fuzzy nos pontos terminais do intervalo unitário, onde a monotonicidade não pode ser aplicada (conectivos Xor, XNor, bi-implicações e bi-coimplicações). / This dissertation contributes to the robustness analysis in fuzzy logic as an important founding for modeling and developing robust systems, extending such approach to the Atanassov’s intuitionistic fuzzy sets. It begins with the introduction of fuzzy logic, discussing negations, aggregation functions, fuzzy implications and bi-implications, also including Xor connectives and derivations. It also considers the -sensitivity analysis of these fuzzy connectives and their dual constructions from a few essentials such as properties and projections. Starting with an evaluation of the sensitivity in representable fuzzy connectives, the results are applied in the intuitionistic connective classes. The main result formally states that the robustness preserves the projection functions of representable intuitionistic fuzzy connectives. It shows an extension of the work in Y. Li et al, 2005 "An Approach to Measure the Robustness of Fuzzy Reasoning" for the class of intuitionistic fuzzy connectives, showing that the robustness of intuitionistic fuzzy sensitivity is preserved by dual constructions. The present research states that robustness analysis of intuitionistic fuzzy operators can be directly verified from fuzzy operators using two strategies: (i) the -sensitivity analysis of fuzzy connectives based on monotonicity of their arguments (negations, aggregations, implications and coimplications); and, otherwise (ii) the evaluation of the behaviour related to fuzzy connectives in endpoints of the unit interval, when the monotonicity property is not applied (Xor, XNor, bi-implications e bi-coimplications fuzzy operators).