Chemnitz, Techn. Univ., Diss., 2005.

No description available.

β decay studies of nuclei at the limits of stability are essential in evaluating the physical aspects behind the structural changes, particle configurations and interactions in neutronor proton-rich systems. Isobarically purified beams were used at the Holifeld Radioactive Ion Beam Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to study the β decays of 75Cu and 77Cu. Two different experiments were performed. In the first study, only concernig the decay of 77Cu, the 25-MV tandem accelerated ions were time-tagged using a micro-channel plate detector, passed through a six-segment ion chamber, and implanted on the tape of a moving tape collector. The passage through an ion chamber insured the ion identification by energy loss in the six segments. The Low Energy Radioactive Ion Beam Spectroscopy Station consisting of a universal detector support with four Ge clover detectors, two â detectors and a moving tape collector, was used in the second experiment. Bypassing of the tandem accelerator gave a factor of 10 gain in beam intensity for both 75Cu and 77Cu. These experiments resulted in considerable information on the previously unknown level structure of 75Zn with some 120 γ-ray transitions placed in a level scheme containing 59 levels including two above the neutron separation energy. We have also identified the previously unknown 1/2− isomeric state at 127 keV. A total of 64 γ rays were placed in a level scheme for 77Zn containing 35 excited states including one state above the neutron separation energy, while two γ rays were observed for the βn branch to states in 76Zn. The growth and decay curves of some prominent γ rays indicate a single β-decaying state with a half-life of 480(9) ms. The decay pattern for 77Cu, with observed feeding of 8(3)% to the 7/2+ 77Zng and 6(3)% to the 1/2− 77Znm, in contrast to the large feeding observed for decay of πp3/2 73Cug to 1/2− 73Zng, strongly suggests a πf5/2 ground state for the studied 77Cu activity. Results will be presented and the prospects for future possible studies will also be discussed.

<p> The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of oxalyl chloride-fluoride has been recorded under high resolution, and has been attributed to a superposition of the spectra of the cis isomer (which appears weakly) and the trans isomer. The ultraviolet spectra of the cis isomers of oxalyl bromide, oxalyl chloride and oxalyl fluoride have also been identified. With the help of theoretical calculations, discrete absorption in the ultraviolet spectrum of trans oxalyl chloride-fluoride has been attributed to the superposition of four systems: (a) the singlet-singlet and singlet-triplet transitions which involve promotion of an electron from the highest energy non-bonding orbital (n₁) to the lowest energy antibonding orbital (π₁*) and (b) the singlet-singlet and singlet-triplet transitions which involve promotion from n₁ to the second lowest energy antibonding π orbital (π₂*). The S-S and S-T, n₁ → π₁* transitions have been analyzed in detail. </p> <p> Theoretical calculations have been carried out which indicate that α,β diketones, promotion of an electron to the lowest energy antibonding skeletal orbital (σ₁*) produces states which have a tendency towards dissociation along the C-C bond. It has been postulated that the diffuseness of the high energy absorption spectrum results from such a molecular dissociation, the Aᵤ(π₁,π₁*) state being strongly predissociated by the Aᵤ(n₁,σ₁*) state while the Aᵤ(n₁,π₁*) state is strongly predissociated by the Aᵤ(π₁,σ₁*) state. </p> <p> It has been postulated that the fluid phases of glyoxal and biacetyl consist of an equilibrium mixture of these molecules in various degrees of aggregation (e.g., monomeric, dimeric, trimeric,...). An ultraviolet band system previously assigned to a second n → π* transitions of these molecules has been reassigned to the first n → π* transition of a polymeric species. Some evidence has been assembled which supports this hypothesis. </p> / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

<p> The thermolysis of 2-diphenylmethylenehydrazono-5,5-dimethyl-Δ^3-1,3,4-oxadiazoline in vacuum and in chlorobenzene was studied. In both cases a stable 1-(diphenylmethylene)-4, 4-dimethyl-3-oxo-1,2-diazetidinium inner salt was obtained as the major product. The corresponding imino-oxirane, an isomer of the diazetidinium inner salt, is believed to be a precursor of the above product. Thermolysis of the same oxadiazoline in methanol gave benzophenone methyl carbazate and methyl isopropyl ether, probably involving the initial formation of an isocyanate as an intermediate.</p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MSc)

No description available.

Nuclear and laser spectroscopy measurements have been conducted at the Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line, IGISOL-IV, JYFL laboratory, Jyvaskyla. Nuclear moments have been extracted for two ground and two isomeric states of neutron deficient yttrium, 85g,mY and 86g,mY. The mean square charge radii and moments have been extracted for all states, providing, for the first time, estimates of static and dynamic quadrupole deformations in these shape transitioning nuclei. A second laser spectroscopy experiment yielded the frequency shifts between all stable isotopes of ionic ytterbium in exotic (high-lying metastable) resonance lines. Atomic field and mass shift parameters in these (high purity) transitions have been evaluated. A discussion of the impact these parameters may have on the chemical homologue, nobelium, is presented. New measurements of charge-state dependent IGISOL fission production yields (of strontium, yttrium and zirconium) are reported in this thesis. For the first time, charge state dependent effects in relative isomeric to ground state production have been detected. Possible explanations for, and exploitation of, this unexpected phenomenon is presented. A new data acquisition (DAQ) system has been built at The University of Manchester. It has been designed to fully replace the current setup used for laser spectroscopy at the JYFL laboratory. The new hardware has been extensively tested off-line and is ready to be installed at the laser-IGISOL. To work in conjunction with the new DAQ, two graphical user interfaces (GUIs) have been created, to display and sort data online, and permit efficient data extraction. Both have been shown to perform at the level required for experimental on-line use. An updated report on the status of an electrostatic ConeTrap is presented. Improved (more realistic) simulations are now seen to be capable of reproducing experimentally observed results. Further computational effort on the ion optics has shown that improved containment and transport efficiency can be readily achieved. A new trap, featuring a larger rear electrode, promises a greatly increased ion survival. The next commissioning phase will see the construction and installation of this upgraded ConeTrap.

No description available.

The mode of Ti and Sn action of anticancer compounds is still poorly understood. For each octahedral Ti(bzac)2 X2 and Sn(bzac)2 X2 (Hbzac = 1-benzoylacetone) complexes there are five possible isomers. It is not known which of these isomers is responsible for the anticancer activity. One of the Ti complex Ti(bzac)2(OEt)2 whose trade name is budotitane® is a anticancer drug on clinically trial base. Therefore we use VT-NMR (low temperature to high temperature) studies and their crystal structures (1a, 1b, and 2a) to examine their isomerization behavior, conversion rate constant k, and conversion barrier energy £GG‡. We suspect the antitumor activity of Ti and Sn compounds strongly depends on the unsubstituted phenyl rings of the £]-diketonato ligands in the outer sphere of the molecule. If these phenyl rings are replaced by methyl groups, the activity totally disappears. Therefore we propose that the anticancer activity of budotitane may be determined by a DNA intercalating mechanism. We further changed the ligand from Hbzac to FHnpac (FHnpac = 4, 4, 4-trifluoro-1-(naphthalen-3-yl) butane-1, 3-dione) in order to monitor their isomers exchange via 1H NMR. The related crystal structures (1a-NF, 1b-NF, and 2a-NF) were obtained fortunately. The stereochemistry of Ti and Sn complexes as well as their controlling factors is discussed.

Universiẗat, Diss.--Jena, 2004.